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Severe Respiratory Failure (severe + respiratory_failure)
Selected AbstractsMeconium aspiration syndrome: a role for phospholipase A2 in the pathogenesis?ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2001P KääpäArticle first published online: 2 JAN 200 The pathophysiology of neonatal meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), often resulting in severe respiratory failure, is complex and still largely unclear. Factors involved in the propagation of acute lung injury after perinatal aspiration of meconium include obstruction of the airways, ventilation/perfusion mismatch, increase of the pulmonary vascular resistance and a rapidly developing parenchymal and alveolar inflammatory reaction with associated surfactant dysfunction. Conclusion: Although the early pulmonary inflammatory response is believed to play a central pathogenetic role in the meconium-induced acute lung damage, its initiating mechanisms are still poorly defined. However, increasing evidence indicates a direct toxic effect of meconium. [source] A combination therapy of whole lung lavage and GM-CSF inhalation in pulmonary alveolar proteinosisPEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 8 2008Hajime Yamamoto MD Abstract Systemic and inhalation therapy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is usually effective in controlling autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), but some cases are refractory to GM-CSF therapy and subjected to whole lung lavage (WLL). A 9-year-old girl developed severe respiratory failure due to autoimmune PAP was treated with inhalational 250 µg of GM-CSF daily, however, it was ineffective. Unilateral WLL was performed three times and subsequent GM-CSF inhalation therapy yielded marked physiological and radiological improvement and was continued for 1 year. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:828,830. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A case of achondroplasia with severe respiratory failure, profound developmental delay and hypercreatine phosphokinasemiaPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2000Yoshihiko Imamura First page of article [source] Oral dantrolene and severe respiratory failure in a patient with chronic spinal cord injuryANAESTHESIA, Issue 8 2010M. Javed Summary Oral dantrolene is used widely for the treatment of spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. A 60-year-old patient in the rehabilitation phase following cervical spine injury presented with generalised weakness and deteriorating respiratory function, requiring intensive care admission, tracheal intubation and ventilation. He had bilateral basal lung collapse and a raised diaphragm and was on high-dose oral dantrolene. The cessation of dantrolene resulted in a dramatic recovery of respiratory function within two days. High-dose oral dantrolene can cause severe respiratory insufficiency and may present difficulties in the differential diagnosis of respiratory failure in patients with high cervical spinal cord injuries. [source] Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Saturation During Percutaneous Cardiopulmonary Support in a Canine Model of Respiratory FailureARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 8 2000Hideichi Wada Abstract: Percutaneous cardiopulmonary support (PCPS) has come to be applied for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and in the management of severe respiratory failure as well as severe heart failure. We investigated cerebral tissue oxygen saturation during PCPS in a canine model of respiratory failure using near-infrared spectroscopy. Animals were mechanically ventilated with 10% oxygen to make a respiratory failure model. Perfusion with PCPS was performed via the left femoral artery and switched to that via the right axillary artery. Cerebral tissue oxygen saturation was 54.2 ± 3.4% during PCPS via the femoral artery and was 82.3 ± 4.6% during PCPS via the axillary artery (p = 0.001). Hepatic tissue oxygen saturation was not significantly different. LV dP/dt max increased significantly after switching to the axillary blood supply (p = 0.001). Conventional PCPS may not have the capability of supporting cerebral circulation under severe respiratory failure without organic heart disease. [source] | ||||||||||