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Serum Prolactin (serum + prolactin)

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Medical Sciences100%

Terms modified by Serum Prolactin

  • serum prolactin level
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    Selected Abstracts

    Prolactin and macroprolactin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RHEUMATIC DISEASES, Issue 3 2008
    Mohammadhassan JOKAR
    Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate plasma levels of prolactin and macroprolactin in a group of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and to determine if prolactin and macroprolactin concentrations were related to disease activity, clinical features or serological abnormalities. Methods: Ninety consecutive Iranian patients with SLE were tested for serum prolactin and macroprolactin levels. Total prolactin was measured directly in serum samples by radioimmunoassay. Free prolactin was extracted from the serum using polyethylene glycol. Clinical manifestation and SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) were recorded. Auto antibodies were determined by standard techniques. Results: There were 90 patients (7 male, 83 female) with a mean age of 27.6 ± 9.1 (range 14,52). The mean disease duration was 27.6 ± 9.1 months. The frequency of high prolactin and macroprolactin, respectively, was 10% (9/90) and 5.6% (5/90) in patients with SLE. Macroprolactinemia was found in 55.55% (5/9) of hyperprolactinemic patients. Lupus activity was present in 63.3% (57/90) of patients without a significant difference in the frequency of high serum prolactin and macroprolactin levels when compared to inactive lupus. There were no statistically significant differences regarding demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics between the group of patients with macroprolactinemia and the group without macroprolactinemia. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a subgroup of SLE patients have hyperprolactinemia and macroprolactinemia but they do not seem to have positive or negative correlation to clinical and laboratory features and disease activity. [source]

    Gender Differences in the Expression of Galanin and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in Oestrogen-Induced Prolactinomas of Fischer 344 Rats

    JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 1 2004
    G. G. Piroli
    Abstract We have previously described a sexual dimorphism in oestrogen-induced anterior pituitary tumorigenesis in Fischer 344 rats, with female tumours averaging twice the size of those of males. Neonatal androgenization of female Fischer 344 rats with 100 µg of testosterone propionate reverted that effect, causing a ,male-like' phenotype. The peptides galanin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are possible mediators of oestrogen effects on the anterior pituitary, including hyperprolactinemia and lactotroph proliferation. To further extend our previous findings, we investigated the expression of galanin and VIP in the anterior pituitary of control and oestrogenized male, female and neonatally androgenized female Fischer 344 rats. At 3 months of age, rats were deprived of their gonads and divided into control and diethylstilbestrol (DES)-treated groups. In the anterior pituitary of control rats, galanin and VIP immunoreactive cells were absent. However, in DES-treated rats, pituitaries from normal ovariectomized females showed higher number of galanin and VIP positive cells than pituitaries from neonatally androgenized ovariectomized females and gonadectomized males. This pattern correlated with changes in anterior pituitary weight and serum prolactin. Our study suggests that sexual differences in oestrogen-induced pituitary tumorigenesis could be due to the differential expression of galanin and VIP. Furthermore, our data support the fact that neonatal exposure to androgens, as in normal males and androgenized females, may condition the response of the pituitary gland to oestrogens in adult life. [source]

    Dose-effect study of domperidone as a galactagogue in preterm mothers with insufficient milk supply, and its transfer into milk

    BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
    Elise W-X.
    WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT , Domperidone is an effective treatment for some mothers with insufficient milk supply. , However, dose,effect data are not available, and the safety of domperidone use in both mother and infant has been questioned. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS , Domperidone only increases milk production in about two-thirds of preterm mothers with insufficient milk supply. , On average, the responders showed increasing levels of milk production with dose escalation from 30 mg to 60 mg daily. , The amount of domperidone that transferred into breast milk was very low, and the risk to the breastfed infant is minimal. AIMS To investigate the possibility of a dose,response relationship for the use of domperidone in treating insufficient milk supply in mothers of preterm infants, and to quantify the exposure of the breastfed infant to domperidone. METHODS Six preterm mothers received domperidone (30 mg daily or 60 mg daily) in a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial. Milk production and serum prolactin were measured before and during the trial, and domperidone concentration in milk was measured during drug treatment. RESULTS For milk production, two of the mothers were ,nonresponders', whereas the other four were ,responders' and showed a significant increase in milk production from 8.7 ± 3.1 g h,1 in the run-in phase (mean ± SEM), 23.6 ± 3.9 g h,1 for the 30-mg dose (P = 0.0217) and 29.4 ± 6.6 g h,1 for the 60-mg dose (P = 0.0047). In all participants, serum prolactin was significantly increased for both doses, but the response was not dose dependent. Median (interquartile range) domperidone concentrations in milk over a dose interval at steady-state were 0.28 µg l,1 (0.24,0.43) and 0.49 µg l,1 (0.33,0.72) for the 30-mg and 60-mg doses, respectively. The mean relative infant dose was 0.012% at 30 mg daily and 0.009% at 60 mg daily. CONCLUSION In one-third of mothers, domperidone did not increase milk production. In the remainder, milk production increased at both domperidone doses, and there was a trend for a dose,response relationship. The amount of domperidone that transfers into milk was extremely low, and infant exposure via breastfeeding was not considered to be significant. [source]