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Serum Lipid Concentrations (serum + lipid_concentration)
Selected AbstractsThyroid dysfunction and serum lipids: a community-based studyCLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 6 2005John P. Walsh Summary Objective, It is uncertain whether subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with hypercholesterolaemia, particularly in subjects with SCH and serum TSH , 10 mU/l. Design, patients and measurements, Cross-sectional study of 2108 participants in a 1981 community health survey in Busselton, Western Australia. Serum total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in all subjects and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) measured (and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) calculated) in a subgroup of 631 subjects at the time of the survey. In 2001, TSH and free T4 concentrations were measured on archived sera stored at ,70 °C. Serum lipid concentrations in subjects with thyroid dysfunction and euthyroid subjects were compared using linear regression models. Results, In the group as a whole, serum total cholesterol was higher in subjects with SCH (N = 119) than in euthyroid subjects (N = 1906) (mean ± SD 6·3 ± 1·3 mmol/l vs. 5·8 ± 1·2 mmol/l, P < 0·001 unadjusted, P = 0·061 adjusted for age, age2 and sex). Serum total cholesterol was similarly elevated in subjects with SCH and TSH , 10 mU/l (N = 89) (6·3 ± 1·3 mmol/l, P < 0·001 unadjusted, P = 0·055 adjusted for age, age2 and sex). In the subgroup analysis, LDL-C was higher in subjects with SCH (N = 30) than in euthyroid subjects (N = 580) (4·1 ± 1·2 mmol/l vs. 3·5 ± 1·0 mmol/l, P < 0·01 unadjusted, P = 0·024 adjusted for age, age2 and sex). LDL-C was significantly increased in subjects with SCH and TSH , 10 mU/l (N = 23) (4·3 ± 1·3 mmol/l, P < 0·001 unadjusted, P = 0·002 adjusted for age, age2 and sex). Conclusion, SCH is associated with increased serum LDL-C concentrations, which is significant after adjustment for age, age2 and sex. [source] Growth and Lipid Metabolism in Girls and Young Women with Epilepsy during Pubertal MaturationEPILEPSIA, Issue 7 2005Kirsi Mikkonen Summary:,Purpose: To assess growth and the serum lipid profile in girls with epilepsy receiving monotherapy at a mean age of 12.6 years and approximately 6 years later. Methods: A population-based cohort of 77 girls with epilepsy and 49 healthy controls participated in this follow-up study including two cross-sectional evaluations (age range, 8,18.5 years on the first evaluation, and 12.5,25.8 years on the second evaluation). Forty of the patients were initially taking valproate (VPA), 19, carbamazepine (CBZ), and 18, oxcarbazepine (OXC). Growth data were compiled, body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and serum total (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were analyzed. Results: Linear growth and final height did not differ between the patients and the controls. At follow-up, the mean BMI of the patients who were off medication (61%) was similar to that of the controls, whereas the patients initially treated with VPA who were still taking any medication had a higher BMI. On the first evaluation, the patients taking VPA had low serum HDL-C, and those taking CBZ or OXC had high serum TC and LDL-C concentrations. At follow-up, serum lipid levels were similar in the patients off medication and the controls. Conclusions: Neither epilepsy nor antiepileptic therapy affects linear growth or final height, but they may have unfavorable effects on body weight and serum lipid concentrations. Lipid-profile impairment seems to be transient if the medication is discontinued. Overweight is common in patients treated with VPA during puberty if epilepsy and medication continue into adulthood. [source] Influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphism on clinical and histological correlates of chronic hepatitis CHEPATOLOGY RESEARCH, Issue 8 2009Carlo Fabris Aim:, This study aimed to verify the relationship between the insertion,deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and clinical and histological correlates of chronic hepatitis C. Methods:, Two-hundred and fifty-eight, treatment naive, unselected hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-positive patients and 210 controls were studied. ACE allelic variants were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Results:, Mean staging scores adjusted for age, body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption were: men, D/* = 2.283; men, I/I = 2.092; women, D/* = 2.241; and women, I/I = 3.283 (P = 0.028). Age-adjusted mean BMI were: men, D/* = 25.01; men, I/I = 24.87; women, D/* = 23.73; and women, I/I = 22.50 (P = 0.006). Age and BMI-adjusted mean low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/ high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratios were: men, D/* = 2.344; men, I/I = 2.283; women, D/* = 1.916; and women, I/I = 1.903 (P = 0.004). Histological grading correlated positively with triglycerides and negatively with HDL and LDL cholesterol (P < 0.0001). Conclusion:, Female ACE I/I homozygotes have higher liver fibrosis scores in comparison to D/* women and to men; moreover, they are leaner and have a lower LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio. These observations suggest a possible mutual influence between ACE polymorphism, serum lipid concentrations and outcome of chronic HCV infection. [source] Effects of improved glycaemic control on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetesINTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, Issue 6 2001W. Bagg Abstract Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes have abnormal endothelial function but it is not certain whether improvements in glycaemic control will improve endothelial function. Aims: To examine the effects of short-term improved glycaemic control on endothelial function in patients with inadequately regulated type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Forty-three patients with type 2 diabetes and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) > 8.9% were randomized to either improved glycaemic control (IC) n = 21 or usual glycaemic control (UC) n = 22 for 20 weeks. Using high-resolution B-mode ultrasound, brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and glyceryl trinitrate-mediated dilatation (GTN-D) were measured at baseline and 20 weeks later. Results: After 20 weeks, HbA1c was significantly lower in IC versus UC (IC 8.02 ± 0.25% versus UC 10.23 ± 0.23%, P < 0.0001) but changes in FMD and GTN-D were not different between the groups (FMD at baseline and week 20 IC 5.1 ± 0.56% versus 4.9 ± 0.56% and UC 4.2 ± 0.51% versus 3.1 ± 0.51%; P = 0.23: GTN-D IC 12.8 ± 1.34% versus 10.4 ± 1.32% and UC 13.7 ± 1.2% versus 12.7 ± 1.23%; P = 0.39). In the IC group weight increased by 3.2 ± 0.8 kg after 20 weeks compared to 0.02 ± 0.70 kg in UC (P = 0.003). Blood pressure and serum lipid concentrations did not change in either group. Conclusions: Short-term reduction of HbA1c levels did not appear to affect endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes and previously poorly regulated glycaemic control. (Intern Med J 2001; 31: 322,328) [source] Effectiveness of raloxifene on bone mineral density and serum lipid levels in post-menopausal women with low BMD after discontinuation of hormone replacement therapyJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 5 2006E. K. Song MS Summary Objective:, To evaluate the effect of raloxifene on bone mineral density (BMD) and serum lipid levels in post-menopausal women who had discontinued hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Methods:, Thirty-four post-menopausal women with low BMD who had taken 60 mg of raloxifene daily for 12 months after discontinuing HRT were evaluated retrospectively. Information about their demographics, fracture history, BMD, lipid profiles and adverse events were collected from medical records and intranet database. The outcome measures were changes in the spine (L2,L4) and femur BMD, serum lipid concentrations, fracture rate and tolerability. Results:, The post-menopausal women had a significant increase in their spine (L2,L4) and femur BMD from their baseline BMD [spine, 2·9 ± 4·6% (P < 0·001); femur, 3·0 ± 6·6% (P = 0·01)]. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was significantly reduced by 22·6% below baseline after 12 months (P = 0·007). No fractures were observed during therapy. Raloxifene was well tolerated. The most common adverse event was hot flash, which was generally mild. Conclusions:, Raloxifene increases BMD at important skeletal sites, and lowers LDL cholesterol with tolerable adverse events. [source] Acanthosis nigricans is a reliable cutaneous marker of insulin resistance in obese Japanese childrenPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2003Hajime Yamazaki AbstractBackground:,Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a skin condition characterized by darkening and thickening of skin with formation of irregular folds, usually limited to a few specific areas of the body. Recently, AN has been reported to be linked to hyperinsulinemia and obesity. The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not the presence of AN in obese Japanese children is a reliable cutaneous marker. Methods:,The authors analyzed the clinical characteristics of 439 obese Japanese children (260 boys, 179 girls; mean age 10.1 years; mean percentage overweight 51.9%), who had visited Tsuruoka City Shonai Hospital in 1990,2000. Eighty-two of the 439 children were examined using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Of these children, the authors retrospectively studied 16 subjects: eight with AN and eight without AN (age range: 10.8,13.9 years; percentage overweight range: 54.3,97.0%). They were age and percentage obesity-matched males with normal glucose tolerance during OGTT. Females with normal glucose tolerance during OGTT were excluded from the 16 subjects because the number was too small and children with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes during OGTT were also excluded because of glucose toxicity. Eighty-two children including the 16 subjects were analyzed at their first visit for the presence or absence of AN on the posterior of the neck, and for characteristics including age, birthweight, body height, bodyweight, percentage overweight, blood pressure, liver function markers serum lipid concentrations, fasting plasma glucose concentrations and insulin concentrations shown by the results of OGTT. Results:,(1) Children with AN showed significantly more glucose intolerance including impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes compared with those children without AN, and fasting plasma insulin concentrations were most significantly correlated with the presence of AN. (2) Insulin resistance based on fasting plasma insulin concentrations was seen in significantly more children with AN than in children without AN, even in age and percentage obesity-matched subjects with normal glucose tolerance during OGTT. Conclusions:, Acanthosis nigricans could be a reliable cutaneous marker of insulin resistance in obese Japanese children. [source] Methylprednisolone Exposure in Pediatric Renal Transplant PatientsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2006P. Seikku Glucocorticoid (GC) dosing is commonly based on body mass or surface area in children, although the drug effects appear to correlate with steroid exposure, rather than dose. We compared the area under the serum concentration,time curve (AUC) of methylprednisolone (MP) with a recombinant cell bioassay measuring serum glucocorticoid bioactivity (GBA), in prediction of side effects in 16 pediatric patients (5.4,18.4 years of age) 2.0,14.9 years after renal transplantation (TX). They received 0.3 mg/kg of MP orally and timed blood samples were drawn up to 8 h postdose. Serum MP concentrations correlated moderately with GBA (r= 0.65, p < 0.0001) with best linear fit at 6 and 8 h (r= 0.72, 0.79, respectively, p < 0.001). MP-AUCt = 0,8 and GBAt = 6 were significantly greater in patients who gained excessive weight soon after TX. Change in growth after TX was inversely correlated with MP-AUC (r= 0.73, p < 0.05) and GBAt = 6 (r= 0.62, p < 0.05). No correlation of MP-AUC or GBA was found with blood glucose or serum lipid concentrations, glomerular filtration rate, bone mineral density or graft histology. In conclusion, GC exposure varies individually and dosing should be adjusted accordingly to control the adverse effects. GBA might provide a complementary tool for monitoring GC exposure but further studies are needed. [source] Cytokine Release and Serum Lipoprotein (a) Alterations During HemodialysisARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 5 2000Helen A. Tzanatos Abstract: It has been reported recently that a number of cytokines, mainly tumor necrosis factor , (TNF,), interleukin (IL)-1,, and IL-6, can alter lipid metabolism and produce hyperlipidemia. Studies in hemodialysis (HD) patients have demonstrated increased production of these cytokines during HD. In order to investigate any possible relationship between changes of cytokines and lipid concentrations during HD in the serum of 25 uremic patients on chronic HD using modified cellulose membranes, TNF,, IL-1,, IL-6, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein a (Lp[a]), and total proteins were measured immediately before (pre-HD) and after HD (post-HD), in one session. The post-HD values were corrected according to the hemoconcentration based on the changes in serum total proteins. Serum TNF, and IL-1, levels were significantly increased from 38.24 ± 17.85 pg/ml and 2.60 ± 3.64 pg/ml pre-HD to 48.86 ± 25.21 and 3.49 ± 4.08 pg/ml post-HD, p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively. Also Lp(a) levels presented a statistically significant increase post-HD and were almost doubled (pre-HD: 15.41 mg/dl, to post-HD: 27.39 mg/dl, p < 0.05). Serum IL-6 as well as serum TC, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C did not show any statistically significant alterations during HD. A significant positive correlation was detected between TNF, and Lp(a) values post-HD (r: 0.413, p: 0.04), but not between pre-HD values. No further relationship between serum cytokines and the other estimated lipid parameters was observed, either between pre- or post-HD values. Our results indicate that release of TNF, and IL-1, during HD have no effect on serum lipids concentration, except on Lp(a). It seems that the acute rise of this lipoprotein during hemodialysis may be related with the TNF, overproduction. [source] | ||||||||||