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Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor (serum + insulin-like_growth_factor)
Selected AbstractsSerum Insulin-like Growth Factors, Insulin-like Growth Factor-binding Protein-3, and Risk of Lung Cancer Death: A Case-control Study Nested in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) StudyCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 12 2002Kenji Wakai To elucidate the roles of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in the development of lung cancer, we conducted a case-control study nested within the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study. Serum samples were collected at baseline from 39 140 men and women between 1988 and 1990. We measured serum IGF-I, IGF-II, and IGF-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in 194 case subjects who subsequently died from lung cancer during an 8-year follow-up and in 9351 controls. The odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for smoking and other covariates, were smaller with higher levels of IGF-II and IGFBP-3. The ORs across quartiles were 0.41 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27,0.63), 0.47 (0.31,0.71), and 0.67 (0.46,0.98) for IGF-II (trend P=0.018), and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.37,0.81), 0.54 (0.36,0.82), and 0.67 (0.45,1.01) for IGFBP-3 (trend P=0.037). These peptides were not independently related to lung cancer risk when mutually adjusted. The risk was increased in the highest vs. the lowest quartile of IGF-I only after controlling for IGFBP-3 (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.08,2.81). Limiting subjects to those followed for ,3 years strengthened the negative associations of IGF-II and IGFBP-3, whereas the ORs for IGF-I generally decreased. A higher level of circulating IGFBP-3 and/or IGF-II may decrease lung cancer risk. Elevated serum IGF-I may increase the risk, but this could partly be attributable to latent tumors. [source] Chronic cognitive sequelae after traumatic brain injury are not related to growth hormone deficiency in adultsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 5 2010D. Pavlovic Objective:, The objective of the study was to asses the possible influence of hypothalamo,pituitary deficiencies, and growth hormone (GH) deficiency in particular, on cognition in adult patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a recently identified risk factor for cognitive deficits and hypopituitarism. Even the patients with favorable outcome after TBI may present with persistent bodily, psychosocial, and cognitive impairments, resembling patients with untreated partial or complete pituitary insufficiency. Design:, We performed retrospective and cross-sectional study of endocrine and cognitive function in TBI in 61 patients (aged 37.7 ± 1.7 years) of both sexes (44 m,17 f), at least 1 year after TBI (3.9 ± 0.6 years). Serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I), thyroxin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (in men), prolactin, and cortisol were measured, and GH secretion was assessed by growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) + growth hormone releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) test. Cognitive function was assessed by using a standard neuropsychological battery. Results:, GH deficiency (GHD) and GH insufficiency (GHI) were found in 20 patients (32.8%). After adjustment for confounders [age, body mass index (BMI), education level, time elapsed from TBI], there were no significant differences in results of neuropsychological tests between patients with TBI with GHD, GHI, and normal GH secretion. There were no correlations of neuropsychological variables with stimulated peak GH secretion or IGF-I level. Conclusions:, GHD persists long after the TBI, independently of trauma severity and age at traumatic event. GH secretion is more sensitive to TBI than other pituitary hormones. No evidence is found for an association of cognitive function impairment and somatotropic axis impairment in adult patients tested more than 1 year after the TBI. [source] Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Binding Proteins 1 and 2 and Mortality in Older Adults: The Health, Aging, and Body Composition StudyJOURNAL OF AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, Issue 7 2009Donglei Hu PhD OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), IGF-1 binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), and IGF-1 binding protein 2 (IGFBP-2) and fasting insulin, fasting glucose, adiposity, and mortality in older adults. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study with mean follow-up of 6.2 years. SETTING: Participants were recruited and followed at two centers affiliated with academic medical institutions. PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred twenty-five men and women aged 70 and older and in good health at the time of enrollment. MEASUREMENTS: Serum IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-2; fasting serum insulin; fasting serum glucose; visceral fat; and total percent fat. RESULTS: Higher IGFBP-1 and higher IGFBP-2 were significantly associated with lower fasting insulin, lower fasting glucose, and lower adiposity, but higher IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were associated with greater mortality. In multivariate adjusted models, the hazard ratio for all-cause mortality was 1.48 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.14,1.92) per standard deviation (SD) increase in IGFBP-2 and 1.34 (95% CI=1.01,1.76) per SD increase in IGFBP-1. No association was found between IGF-1 and all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Higher IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 are associated with lower adiposity and decreased glucose tolearance but also with greater all-cause mortality. Higher levels of serum IGF-1 binding protein (IGFBP) may indicate greater IGF-1 activity and thus represent an association between higher IGF-1 activity and mortality in humans. [source] Body composition and time course changes in regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in unselected cancer patients on palliative care,Correlations with food intake, metabolism, exercise capacity, and hormonesCANCER, Issue 10 2005Marita Fouladiun M.D. Abstract BACKGROUND Several investigations that yielded different results in terms of net changes in body composition of weight-losing cancer patients have been reported that employed a variety of methods based on fundamentally different technology. Most of those reports were cross-sectional, whereas to the authors' knowledge there is sparse information available on longitudinal follow-up measurements in relation to other independent methods for the assessment of metabolism and performance. METHODS For the current report, the authors evaluated time course changes in body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) with measurements of whole body and regional distribution of fat and lean tissue in relation to food and dietary intake, host metabolism (indirect calorimetry), maximum exercise capacity (walking test), and circulating hormones in cancer patients who were receiving palliative care during 4,62 months of follow-up. The entire cohort comprised 311 patients, ages 68 years ± 3 years who were diagnosed with solid gastrointestinal tumors (84 colorectal tumors, 74 pancreatic tumors, 73 upper gastrointestinal tumors, 51 liver-biliary tumors, 3 breast tumors, 5 melanomas, and 21 other tumor types). RESULTS Decreased body weight was explained by loss of body fat, preferentially from the trunk, followed by leg tissue and arm tissue, respectively. Lean tissue (fat-free mass) was lost from arm tissue, whereas trunk and leg tissue compartments increased, all concomitant with declines in serum albumin, increased systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate), increased serum insulin, and elevated daily caloric intake; whereas serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), resting energy expenditure, and maximum exercise capacity remained unchanged in the same patients. Serum albumin levels (P < 0.001), whole body fat (P < 0.02), and caloric intake (P < 0.001) predicted survival, whereas lean tissue mass did not. Daily intake of fat and carbohydrate was more important for predicting survival than protein intake. Survival also was predicted by serum IGF-1, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin levels (P < 0.02 , P < 0.001). Serum insulin, leptin, and ghrelin (total) levels predicted body fat (P < 0.001), whereas IGF-1 and thyroid hormone levels (T3, free T3) predicted lean tissue mass (P < 0.01). Systemic inflammation primarily explained variation in lean tissue and secondarily explained loss in body fat. Depletion of lean arm tissue was related most to short survival compared with the depletion of lean leg and trunk tissue. CONCLUSIONS The current results demonstrated that body fat was lost more rapidly than lean tissue in progressive cancer cachexia, a phenomenon that was related highly to alterations in the levels of circulating classic hormones and food intake, including both caloric amount and diet composition. The results showed importance in the planning of efficient palliative treatment for cancer patients. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society. [source] Update on risk factors and future perspectives for preterm infantsACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009A HELLSTRöM Purpose To give an update on risk factors for retinopathy of prematurity with special focus on postnatal growth and growth factors Methods The relationship between birth weight, serum levels of IGF-I as well as postnatal longitudinal growth and ROP will be presented. Preventive measures will be discussed. Results Birth weight data on 451 infants demonstrated initially a significant difference in BW between different ROP stages but when taking gestational age and sex into account the significance was eliminated. Recently, a new diagnostic tool based on weekly neonatal measurements of body weight and serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-I) levels, was shown to be predictive for ROP development. The algorithm "Weight IGF-I Neonatal ROP" (WINROPÔ) predicted early (mean 10 weeks) all infants who later developed proliferative ROP requiring treatment. The WINROP algorithm was then taken one step further using only serial weight measurements (n=700), excluding blood sampling for measuring IGF-I. With this approach WINROP predicted all infants who later developed proliferative ROP requiring treatment (100% sensitivity) and correctly identified 75% of those who did not develop proliferative ROP, and thus would not need any ophthalmologic screening. We have also shown a close relationship between postnatal growth, severe ROP and poor brain development. Conclusion For decades, neonatal intensive care has focused on survival of the most immature babies. Time has come to find methods to ameliorate the nutrition for the children born very preterm. It is known that IGF-I is essential for growth and development of the immature vasculature of the eye. Intervention with substitution of IGF-I to the very preterm babies to raise IGF-I up to normal intrauterine levels might be beneficial. Commercial interest [source] High-risk colorectal adenomas and serum insulin-like growth factorsBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 1 2001A. G. Renehan Background: This study investigated the hypothesis that circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and its main binding protein (IGFBP-3) predict for the presence of colorectal adenomas, surrogate markers of colorectal cancer risk. Methods: Within the Flexi-Scope Trial (healthy volunteers aged 55,64 years), at one study centre, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in serum samples collected prospectively from 442 attendants were measured. Of these, 100 individuals underwent a complete screening colonoscopy. There were 47 normal examinations, while in 11 examinations low-risk adenomas and in 42 examinations high-risk adenomas were identified. Estimates of relative risk (RR) for the adenomatous stages were calculated by means of unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for known risk factors. Results: Mean serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were similar in individuals with a normal colonoscopy finding and in those with low-risk adenomas. By contrast, the mean(s.d.) serum IGF-I level was increased (190(53) versus 169(54) µg/l; P = 0·06) and the serum IGFBP-3 concentration was significantly decreased (3·22(0·60) versus 3·47(0·62) mg/l; P = 0·05) in individuals with high-risk adenomas compared with levels in those with normal colonoscopy and low-risk adenomas combined. Levels were unaffected by removal of the adenomas. With high-risk adenoma as the dependent factor, regression models demonstrated a significant positive association with IGF-I after controlling for IGFBP-3 (RR per one standard deviation (1s.d.) change 4·39 (95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) 1·31,14·7); P = 0·02) and, independently, an inverse association with IGFBP-3 after adjustment for IGF-I (RR per 1s.d. change 0·41 (95 per cent c.i. 0·20,0·82); P = 0·01). Conclusion: These findings suggest that circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels are related to future colorectal cancer risk and, specifically, may predict adenoma progression. © 2001 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd [source] | ||||||||||