Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Serum Insulin Concentrations (serum + insulin_concentration)
Selected AbstractsNo evidence for a major ,-cell dysfunction in young adults born with intra-uterine growth retardationPEDIATRIC DIABETES, Issue 4 2000D Jaquet Abstract: The association between low birth weight and the later development of type 2 diabetes is well established. It has been hypothesized that in utero undernutrition may affect pancreatic ,-cell development, leading to an impaired ,-cell function in adulthood. We have previously demonstrated that intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is associated with insulin-resistance early in adulthood. The aim of this study was to test whether IUGR would affect ,-cell function in young adults. Twelve 25-yr-old insulin-resistant subjects with IUGR were matched for age gender and body mass index (BMI) to 13 controls. All of them had normal glucose tolerance. Mean fasting plasma glucose did not significantly differ between the group with IUGR and the control group (97 ± 7 vs. 98 ± 4 mg/dL; p = 0.83). Blood glucose was maintained at 124.8 ± 6.5 vs. 126.2 ± 7.5 mg/dL above the basal glycemia in the IUGR and control groups (p = 0.64) throughout the hyperglycemic clamp. Serum insulin concentrations did not significantly differ between the group with IUGR and the control group either during the first (0,10 min) phase (311 ± 252 vs. 248 ± 184 pmol/L, p = 0.85) or during the second (80,100 min) phase (575 ± 284 vs. 559 ± 413 pmol/L, p = 0.72). C-peptide concentrations were similar in both groups during the two phases (2.35 ± 1.44 vs. 2.59 ± 1.10 nmol/L, p = 0.39 and 4.86 ± 1.36 vs. 4.96 ± 1.41 nmol/L, p = 0.91). In conclusion, our data do not argue in favor of an impairment of ,-cell function at 25 yr of age as a consequence of in utero undernutrition, but rather suggest that insulin resistance might be the primary defect responsible for the development of metabolic disorders associated with IUGR in adulthood. [source] Studies of relationships between the GLUT10 Ala206Thr polymorphism and impaired insulin secretionDIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 7 2005C. S. Rose Abstract Aims This study aimed to investigate if the previously observed association between the GLUT10 Ala206Thr polymorphism and variation in fasting and oral glucose-induced serum insulin concentrations could be replicated in a large-scale population-based cohort of Danish whites. Methods The GLUT10 Ala206Thr polymorphism was genotyped in a case-control study of 880 Type 2 diabetic patients and 4372 glucose-tolerant control subjects. The latter group was also enrolled in an assessment of fasting and post-OGTT circulating levels of plasma glucose and serum insulin in relation to genotype. The variant was genotyped by analysis of PCR-generated primer extension by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis. Results The Ala206Thr variant was equally frequent among Type 2 diabetic patients and glucose-tolerant subjects (P = 0.9) and there was no difference in the distribution of genotype groups (P = 1.0). In the 4372 glucose-tolerant subjects there was no statistically significant association between the polymorphism and levels of fasting and post-oral glucose tolerance test plasma glucose and serum insulin along with the insulinogenic index and the homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance and insulin secretion. Likewise, in an age-stratified subgroup comprising 1264 subjects, we observed no relationships between the GLUT10 polymorphism and the selected metabolic features. Conclusions The GLUT10 Ala206Thr polymorphism is not associated with Type 2 diabetes in the Danish population. Furthermore, in the present large-scale cohort, the polymorphism does not associate with phenotypes such as fasting and oral glucose-induced levels of plasma glucose and serum insulin. [source] Chinese Cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) does not Improve Glucose Tolerance, Serum Insulin, or Blood Lipid Profiles in a Rat Model of Type-2 DiabetesJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 9 2008M.S. Islam ABSTRACT:, The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of a low (0.5%) and a high (2.0%) dietary dose of freeze-dried Chinese cabbage (CC) (Brassica campestris L.) powder in a type-2 diabetes (T2D) model of rats. Five-week-old male Sprague,Dawley rats were fed a high fat (HF)-containing diet for 2 wk then randomly divided into 4 groups of 8 animals, namely: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DBC), Chinese cabbage low (CCL, 0.5%), and Chinese cabbage high (CCH, 2.0%) groups. Diabetes was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 40 mg/kg body weight) in all groups except the NC group. After 4 wk feeding of experimental diets, although food intake was not different among the DBC, CCL, and CCH groups, body weight gain was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the CCH group compared to the DBC group. Relatively higher serum insulin concentrations and better glucose tolerance were observed in the CC-fed groups compared to the DBC group; however, the results were not significantly different. Fasting blood glucose, blood glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), liver weight, and liver glycogen levels were not influenced by the CC-containing diets. Additionally, hypertriglyceridemic tendencies were observed in the CC-fed groups compared to the NC and DBC groups, while difference observed for total-, HDL-, and LDL-cholesterols between the groups were negligible. Results of this study suggest that up to 2% dietary dose of freeze-dried CC is not significantly effective to reduce diabetes-related symptoms in an HF diet-fed STZ-induced T2D model of rats. [source] Effects of food availability on serum insulin and lipid concentrations in free-ranging baboonsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2002Joseph W. Kemnitz Abstract The relationship between food availability and metabolic physiology was studied in groups of free-ranging baboons (Papio spp.) living in the Amboseli National Park and the Masai Mara National Reserve of Kenya. Three groups subsisted entirely on natural forage, while two other groups lived near tourist facilities and often consumed food wastes from these lodges. The refuse provided a very accessible food source with relatively high caloric density. Consumption of the refuse was associated with reduced locomotion. Sexually mature individuals from all five groups were sedated surreptitiously in the early morning and blood samples were collected. Compared to animals foraging exclusively in the wild, animals that supplemented their diet with the refuse items had two- to threefold elevations in serum insulin concentrations, as well as increased total cholesterol (C), HDL-C, and VLDL+LDL-C levels. No sex differences in physiological measures were observed except in body mass. Elevated serum insulin, and cholesterol and lipoprotein concentrations influence the development of cardiovascular disease and have been shown to be subject to dietary manipulation and exercise under controlled conditions. The present results suggest potentially deleterious effects of a highly accessible, calorically dense food source, and associated reduction of physical activity for baboons living in an otherwise natural environment. Am. J. Primatol. 57:13,19, 2002. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||