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Serum Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (serum + angiotensin-converting_enzyme)
Selected AbstractsSerum angiotensin-converting enzyme and frequency of severe hypoglycaemia in Type 1 diabetes: does a relationship exist?DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 12 2007N. N. Zammitt Abstract Aims An association has been described between elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and an increased risk of severe hypoglycaemia (SH). To ascertain whether this reported association could be replicated in a different country, it was re-examined in 300 individuals with Type 1 diabetes. Methods People with Type 1 diabetes, none of whom was taking renin,angiotensin system blocking drugs, were recruited. Participants recorded the frequency with which they had experienced SH. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum ACE were measured. The difference in the incidence of SH between different quartiles of ACE activity and the relationship between serum ACE and SH were examined using non-parametric statistical tests and a negative binomial model. Results Data were obtained from 300 patients [158 male; HbA1c median (range) 8.2% (5.2,12.8%), median age 36 years (16,88); duration of diabetes 14.5 years (2,49)]. The incidence of SH was 0.93 episodes per patient year. The mean incidence of SH in the top and bottom quartiles of ACE activity was 0.5 and 1.7 episodes per patient year, respectively, but this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.075). Spearman's test showed a very weak, although statistically significant, association between serum ACE level and SH incidence (r = 0.115, P = 0.047). The binomial model also showed a statistically significant (P = 0.002), but clinically weak, relationship between serum ACE and SH. Conclusions The present survey showed a weak relationship between serum ACE and the frequency of SH, the clinical relevance of which is unclear. This limits the proposed role for serum ACE as an index of risk for SH. [source] Inhibition of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in rabbits after intravenous administration of enalaprilat-loaded intact erythrocytesJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 9 2001Mehrdad Hamidi Encapsulation of drugs in intact erythrocytes, because of the profound characteristics of these natural microspheres, has gained considerable attention in recent years. In this study, the inhibition time courses of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity after intravenous administration of enalaprilat encapsulated in intact erythrocytes was evaluated and compared with free drug, in a rabbit model. Three groups of animals each received free drug, drug-loaded erythrocytes or sham-encapsulated erythrocytes. Serum ACE activity was determined in each case using the synthetic substrate hippuryl-histidyl-leucine and quantitation of the hippuric acid released by a developed and validated HPLC method. The serum ACE inhibition profiles in the three groups showed that the encapsulated drug inhibited the serum ACE more slowly, more efficiently, over a considerably longer time and in a more reproducible manner, than the free drug or sham-encapsulated erythrocytes. We conclude that the erythrocytes can serve as efficacious slow-release drug carriers for enalaprilat in circulation. [source] | ||||||||||