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Serum Albumin Concentration (serum + albumin_concentration)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences66%

Selected Abstracts

The paradox of normal serum albumin in anorexia nervosa: A case report

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 3 2005
Mori J. Krantz MD
Abstract Objective Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with marked decreases in caloric intake and a corresponding reduction in body weight due to abnormal self body image. Although counterintuitive, hypoalbuminemia and vitamin deficiencies are not expected consequences of this disorder. Etiologic considerations for hypoalbuminemia are discussed. Method The case report of a patient with AN and marked hypoalbuminemia is presented and a focused literature review is reported. Results Hypoalbuminemia was initially attributed to starvation. However, occult infection was ultimately responsible. Serum albumin concentration normalized with antibiotic therapy despite minimal restoration of body weight. Discussion Hypoalbuminemia should not be considered a characteristic feature of AN even in the setting of progressive weight loss. The presence of other potentially life-threatening conditions should be sought, as reduced serum albumin concentration is a marker of inflammation in AN. © 2005 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Longitudinal study on the relationship between serum albumin and periodontal disease

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
Masanori Iwasaki
Abstract Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and the general health status in community-dwelling elderly using the serum albumin concentration as a criterion index of the severity of underlying disease and nutrition. Material and Methods: Six hundred subjects aged 70 years underwent a baseline examination. Dental examinations were carried out at baseline and once a year for 4 years. Periodontal conditions were estimated for subjects with at least one remaining tooth. Clinical attachment levels at six sites of all teeth present were measured. A change in loss of attachment of 3 mm or greater in 1 year at each site was defined as periodontal disease progression. Data were analysed in subjects for whom data were available for 4 years. Results: Serum albumin concentration at baseline ranged from 3.4 to 5.0 g/dl with a mean of 4.3±0.2. When the analysis was stratified by smoking status, we found that serum albumin concentration had a significant effect on periodontal disease progression among non-smokers (standardized regression coefficient=,0.16; p=0.017), using multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that serum albumin concentration is a significant risk predictor of periodontal disease progression among elderly non-smokers. [source]

The paradox of normal serum albumin in anorexia nervosa: A case report

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 3 2005
Mori J. Krantz MD
Abstract Objective Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with marked decreases in caloric intake and a corresponding reduction in body weight due to abnormal self body image. Although counterintuitive, hypoalbuminemia and vitamin deficiencies are not expected consequences of this disorder. Etiologic considerations for hypoalbuminemia are discussed. Method The case report of a patient with AN and marked hypoalbuminemia is presented and a focused literature review is reported. Results Hypoalbuminemia was initially attributed to starvation. However, occult infection was ultimately responsible. Serum albumin concentration normalized with antibiotic therapy despite minimal restoration of body weight. Discussion Hypoalbuminemia should not be considered a characteristic feature of AN even in the setting of progressive weight loss. The presence of other potentially life-threatening conditions should be sought, as reduced serum albumin concentration is a marker of inflammation in AN. © 2005 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Longitudinal study on the relationship between serum albumin and periodontal disease

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
Masanori Iwasaki
Abstract Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between periodontal disease and the general health status in community-dwelling elderly using the serum albumin concentration as a criterion index of the severity of underlying disease and nutrition. Material and Methods: Six hundred subjects aged 70 years underwent a baseline examination. Dental examinations were carried out at baseline and once a year for 4 years. Periodontal conditions were estimated for subjects with at least one remaining tooth. Clinical attachment levels at six sites of all teeth present were measured. A change in loss of attachment of 3 mm or greater in 1 year at each site was defined as periodontal disease progression. Data were analysed in subjects for whom data were available for 4 years. Results: Serum albumin concentration at baseline ranged from 3.4 to 5.0 g/dl with a mean of 4.3±0.2. When the analysis was stratified by smoking status, we found that serum albumin concentration had a significant effect on periodontal disease progression among non-smokers (standardized regression coefficient=,0.16; p=0.017), using multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: The findings of the present study suggest that serum albumin concentration is a significant risk predictor of periodontal disease progression among elderly non-smokers. [source]

Review article: albumin in the treatment of liver diseases,new features of a classical treatment

ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 2002
V Arroyo
Summary Albumin was introduced initially in the treatment of patients with cirrhosis and ascites to increase serum albumin concentration due to its oncotic effect. Although its administration declined some years later, at present it constitutes an essential treatment in clinical hepatology. Several studies have clearly demonstrated its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of circulatory dysfunction and hepatorenal syndrome in patients with cirrhosis. These effects can be due not only to its properties as a plasma expander but also to its capacity to bind numerous substances such as bile acids, nitric oxide and cytokines. Based on this capacity an albumin dialysis system (MARS) has recently been developed. The usefulness of this system in the management of patients with acute and chronic liver failure is, at present, under evaluation. [source]

Clinical evaluation of plasma free phenytoin measurement and factors influencing its protein binding

BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND DRUG DISPOSITION, Issue 2 2006
Takuya Iwamoto
Abstract The relationship between free phenytoin concentrations and clinical responses, and the factors influencing protein binding of phenytoin were investigated. A total of 119 plasma samples from 70 patients treated orally with phenytoin were analysed. The mean free phenytoin concentration was significantly higher in the patients who received phenytoin monotherapy and were classified as having a complete response (1.25 ± 1.09 µg/ml) than that in the partial response group (0.59 ± 0.07 µg/ml), whereas the mean total concentrations were not significantly different between the two groups. Samples were divided into three groups based on the free fraction of phenytoin, i.e. low, <5%; medium, 5%,10%; high, >10%. The mean age (55.3 ± 10.9 years) was significantly higher in the high group than in the low (42.7 ± 21.2 years) and medium (42.8 ± 16.0 years) groups. The mean creatinine clearance (CLcr) (55.3 ± 10.9 ml/min) and serum albumin concentration (3.30 ± 1.25 g/dl) were significantly lower in the high group than the low (88.3 ± 29.0 ml/min and 4.08 ± 0.50 g/dl, respectively) and medium (95.0 ± 32.8 ml/min and 3.95 ± 0.92 g/dl, respectively) groups. These results suggest that the free phenytoin concentration, rather than the total concentration, is more useful for monitoring antiepileptic effects in patients receiving phenytoin monotherapy. It was also found that the free phenytoin fraction was significantly influenced by aging, CLcr and serum albumin levels. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]