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Selective Recovery (selective + recovery)
Selected AbstractsIonic liquids in the selective recovery of fat from composite foodstuffsJOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, Issue 11 2009Huma Lateef Abstract BACKGROUND: Ionic liquids (ILs) are able to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic molecules and have potential application in the separation and recovery of valuable components from wastes. The potential for ILs to separate sugar and fat from food waste is demonstrated using chocolate as a model system. RESULTS: The ILs 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (cyanoMIMBr), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (propylMIMBr), 1-hexylpyridinium bromide (hexylPyrBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (butylMIMCl) were synthesised by microwave technology and fully characterised by mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetery, thin layer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The solubilities of the fat and carbohydrate components in the ILs are reported for the two main ingredients in chocolate. CyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr selectively solubilise sugar leaving the fat insoluble. Both cyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr have been used to successfully separate sugars and cocoa butter fat from white, milk and dark chocolate and the Fourier transform infrared spectra and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimeter profiles of the extracted fat samples are in good agreement with reference material data. CONCLUSIONS: The ILs cyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr are successful in the separation and recovery of fat from white, milk and dark chocolate, as confirmed by FTIR and TG-DSC data. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Uptake of nicotine from suspension culture of Nicotiana tabacum by molecularly imprinted polymersJOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY: AN INTERNATI ONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE, Issue 5 2010Mohamed Salaheldin A. Abdelkader Abstract Objectives The aim was to use molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the selective recovery of nicotine in plant cell cultures. MIPs can selectively uptake nicotine from suspension cultures of N. tabacum, and therefore may be useful for improving levels of secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures. Methods Suspension cultures of N. tabacum were initiated from callus and maintained in liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing 3% w/v sucrose, 0.1 mg/l ,-naphthaleneacetic acid acid (NAA) and 0.25 mg/l kinetin. Tween 80 at 1% was used for permeabilisation of cell cultures. Pre-weighed XAD-2 and two types of synthesized polymers, MIPs (A and B with one and two functional monomers, respectively) and corresponding non-imprinted polymers (NIPs), A and B, were introduced aseptically into the permeabilised suspension cultures of N. tabacum, the nicotine contents of polymers were determined by gas chromatography and the adsorption yield of polymers were determined. Key findings Cell cultures of N. tabacum accumulated nicotine alkaloid intracellularly in varying levels, 6.8,14.9 mg/l fresh weight. MIPs were able to uptake 50,70% of released nicotine in suspension cultures of N. tabacum, whereas XAD-2 recovered only 30,40%. The total levels of accumulated nicotine were enhanced up to 20 mg/l by simultaneous use of Tween 80 and MIPs. Conclusions The findings indicate the potential use of MIPs to uptake nicotine from suspension cultures of N. tabacum, and increase productivity of secondary metabolites in plant cell cultures. [source] Evaluation of spore extraction and purification methods for selective recovery of viable Bacillus anthracis sporesLETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2001D.C. Dragon Aims: To investigate methods of improving anthrax spore detection with PLET. Methods and Results: Comparisons were made of PLET and blood-supplemented PLET to recover and distinguish spores of a variety of Bacillus species. Heat and ethanol purification of spores, and spore extraction from soil with water and high specific gravity sucrose plus non-ionic detergent, were also carried out. Conclusions: PLET was more selective and suitable than blood-supplemented PLET for detection of anthrax spores in the environmental specimens. However, PLET is not an optimal spore recovery medium. Purification of spores with ethanol was as effective as heat purification. High specific gravity sucrose plus detergent extraction solutions may be more sensitive than extraction with water. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study highlights shortcomings with the standard PLET isolation of anthrax spores and describes ways in which the procedure may be improved. [source] A nanophosphor-based method for selective DNA recovery in SynthosomesBIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 7-8 2006Madhavan Nallani Abstract A nanocompartment system composed of an ABA triblock copolymer, where A is poly(dimethylsiloxane) and B is poly(2-methyloxazoline), has been developed for selective recovery and detection of DNA. Translocation of TAMRA-labeled complementary primers into the nanocompartment system has been achieved through two deletion mutants (FhuA ,1,129; FhuA ,1,160) of the channel protein FhuA. Translocation was monitored by fluorescence resonance energy transfer through hybridization of the TAMRA-labeled primer to the complementary sequence of a nanophosphor-DNA-conjugate, which reduces its half-life (FhuA ,1,129, 16.0% reduced; FhuA ,1,160, 39.0% reduced). [source] A novel Method for the selective recovery and purification of ,-polyglutamic acid from Bacillus licheniformis fermentation brothBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 3 2010Bhavik Manocha Abstract Microbially produced gamma-polyglutamic acid (,-PGA) is a commercially important biopolymer with many applications in biopharmaceutical, food, cosmetic and waste-water treatment industries. Owing to its increasing demand in various industries, production of ,-PGA is well documented in the literature, however very few methods have been reported for its recovery. In this paper, we report a novel method for the selective recovery and purification of ,-PGA from cell-free fermentation broth of Bacillus licheniformis. The cell-free fermentation broth was treated with divalent copper ions, resulting in the precipitation of ,-PGA, which was collected as a pellet by centrifugation. The pellet was resolubilized and dialyzed against de-ionized water to obtain the purified ,-PGA biopolymer. The efficiency and selectivity of ,-PGA recovery was compared with ethanol precipitation method. We found that 85% of the original ,-PGA content in the broth was recovered by copper sulfate-induced precipitation, compared to 82% recovery by ethanol precipitation method. Since ethanol is a commonly used solvent for protein precipitation, the purity of ,-PGA precipitate was analyzed by measuring proteins that co-precipitated with ,-PGA. Of the total proteins present in the broth, 48% proteins were found to be co-precipitated with ,-PGA by ethanol precipitation, whereas in copper sulfate-induced precipitation, only 3% of proteins were detected in the final purified ,-PGA, suggesting that copper sulfate-induced precipitation offers better selectivity than ethanol precipitation method. Total metal content analysis of the purified ,-PGA revealed the undetectable amount of copper ions, whereas other metal ions detected were in low concentration range. The purified ,-PGA was characterized using infrared spectroscopy. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010 [source] | ||||||||||