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Selective Catalysts (selective + catalyst)
Selected AbstractsPd Black Deposited on Polypropylene Sheet as a Highly Selective Catalyst for Hydrogenation Alkenes.CHEMINFORM, Issue 31 2003Shojiro Maki Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] ChemInform Abstract: Sn-MCM-41 , A Heterogeneous Selective Catalyst for the Baeyer,Villiger Oxidation with Hydrogen Peroxide.CHEMINFORM, Issue 10 2002Avelino Corma Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Cu,Pd/,-Zeolites as Highly Selective Catalysts for the Hydrogenation of Nitrate with Hydrogen to Harmless Products.CHEMINFORM, Issue 38 2005Kyosuke Nakamura Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Electronically Tuned Chiral Ruthenium Porphyrins: Extremely Stable and Selective Catalysts for Asymmetric Epoxidation and Cyclopropanation.CHEMINFORM, Issue 7 2004Albrecht Berkessel Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text. [source] Donor-Stabilized Phosphenium Adducts as New Efficient and Immobilizing Ligands in Palladium-Catalyzed Alkynylation and Platinum-Catalyzed Hydrogenation in Ionic LiquidsADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 10 2009Samer Saleh Abstract The straightforward synthesis of a new donor-stabilized phosphenium ligand 3d by addition of bromodifurylphosphine to 1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-carboxylate 1 is described. The obtained ligand exhibits a very strong ,-acceptor character, comparable to that of triphenyl phosphite [P(OPh)3] or of tris-halogenophosphines, with a ,CO(A1) at 2087,cm,1 for its nickel tricarbonyl complex. This ligand, as well as the related 3a which was obtained from chlorodiphenylphosphine, were tested in palladium-catalyzed aryl alkynylation and in the platinum-catalyzed selective hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzenes, both in an ionic liquid phase. In CC bond cross-coupling we observed that the increase of the ,-acceptor character in ligand 3d, due to the introduction of an additional electron-withdrawing group, provides a very efficient catalyst in the alkynylation reaction of aryl bromides with phenylacetylene, including the deactivated 4-bromoanisole or the sterically hindered 2-bromonaphthalene. The catalytic activity decreases with recycling due to the sensitiveness of ligands to protonation in the ionic phase. Conversely, a multiple recycling of the metal/ligand system in non-acidic media was achieved from platinum-catalyzed hydrogenation of m- chloronitrobenzene. The catalytic results obtained by employing the complex of platinum(II) chloride with 3a [trans -PtCl2(3a)2] in comparison with the non-ionic related trans -tris(triphenylphosphine)platinum dichloride [trans -PtCl2(PPh3)2] complex clearly indicate that the simultaneous existence of a strong ,-acceptor character and a positive charge within the ligand 3a significantly increases the life-time of the platinum catalyst. The selectivity of the reaction is also improved by decreasing the undesirable formation of dehalogenation products. This cationic platinum complex trans -PtCl2(3a)2 is the first example of a highly selective catalyst for hydrogenation of chloronitroarenes immobilized in an ionic liquid phase. The system was recycled six times without noticeable metal leaching in the organic phase, and no loss of activity. [source] Gas phase esterification of acetic acid with ethanol over MoO3 supported on AlPO4 and the effect of modification with phosphomolybdic acid and Ce4+ ionsJOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, Issue 7 2003Abd El-Aziz A Said Abstract A series of AIPO4,MoO3 (APM) systems with various molybdena loadings (5,50) mol %, same modified with phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) and cerium ions, were prepared by an impregnation method and calcined at 400 °C, except for the samples modified with PMA which were calcined at 350 °C for 4 h. The catalysts were characterized by TG/DTG, XRD, IR spectroscopy, N2 adsorption and electrical conductivity measurements. The surface acidity and basicity of the catalysts were determined by adsorption of pyridine and the dehydration,dehydrogenation of isopropyl alcohol. The catalytic esterification of acetic acid with ethanol was carried out in a convention fixed bed reactor. The results clearly revealed that the catalyst with a composition of 10 mol % MoO3 (APM10) was the most active and selective catalyst for the production of ethyl acetate. Moreover, the yield of ethyl acetate increases on addition of PMA into APM10 while it decreases on the addition of Ce4+ ions. These results were correlated with structure, semiconductivity and the acid,base properties of the prepared catalysts. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Catalytic Trimerization of Ethylene with Highly Active Half-sandwich Titanium Complexes Bearing Pendant p -Fluorophenyl GroupsCHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY, Issue 10 2006Chen Wang Abstract Two new complexes [,5 -C5H4CMe2 -(p -fluorophenyl)]TiCl3 (1) and [,5 -C5H4C(cyclo-C5H10)-(p -fluoro-phenyl)]TiCl3 (2) were synthesized and characterized. Their activities and selectivities for trimerization of ethylene were investigated. The introduction of fluorine atom greatly weakened the arene coordination, but this disadvantageous factor can be eliminated by introduction of a bulky substituent, such as cyclo-C5H10, to the bridging carbon linked to the Cp ring. The combinative effect of the fluorine substitute and the bridging unit can make complex 2 as a highly active and selective catalyst for ethylene trimerization. Its productivity and selectivity for 1-hexene can reach 1024.0 kg·mol,1·h,1 and 99.3% respectively. [source] Alkyne Hydroarylations with Chelating Dicarbene Palladium(II) Complex Catalysts: Improved and Unexpected Reactivity Patterns Disclosed Upon Additive Screening,EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 19 2009Andrea Biffis Abstract Palladium(II) complexes with a ligand set made from a chelating N-heterocyclic dicarbene ligand and two weakly coordinating anions (generally introduced in situ upon addition of 2 equiv. of a suitable silver salt) were found to be very active and selective catalysts for the room-temperature hydroarylation of alkynes at low catalyst loading (0.1 mol-%). Moreover, the screening of various strong acids as reaction promoters revealed that both the strength of the acid and the coordinating ability of its conjugated base influence the catalytic performance. Most remarkably, the use of HBF4 together with a dicarbene Pd complex catalyst provides a dramatic change in the selectivity of the reaction, with the prevalent formation of a product stemming from the insertion of two molecules of alkyne into the aromatic C,H bond. The results presented herein highlight the fact that the dicarbene ligand, apart from stabilising the catalyst, is also able to enhance catalytic activity and, most notably, to steer the reaction selectivity towards novel products. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) as Heterogeneous Catalysts for the Chemoselective Reduction of Carbon-Carbon Multiple Bonds with HydrazineADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 14-15 2009Amarajothi Dhakshinamoorthy Abstract The as-synthesized metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), particularly that based on aluminium coordinated with benzenedicarboxylic acid, constitute selective catalysts for the reduction of carbon-carbon multiple bonds in alkenes, alkynes and ,,,-unsaturated esters with hydrazine hydrate in acetonitrile under mild conditions. The present protocol enjoys advantages such as convenient reaction conditions and benign, reusable and cost effective catalyst. [source] Recyclable Polymer- and Silica-Supported Ruthenium(II)-Salen Bis-pyridine Catalysts for the Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of OlefinsADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 9 2009Christopher Abstract Homogeneous ruthenium(II)-salen bis-pyridine complexes are known to be highly active and selective catalysts for the asymmetric cyclopropanation of terminal olefins. Here, new methods of heterogenization of these Ru-salen catalysts on polymer and porous silica supports are demonstrated for the facile recovery and recycle of these expensive catalysts. Activities, selectivities, and recyclabilities are investigated and compared to the analogous homogeneous and other supported catalysts for asymmetric cyclopropanation reactions. The catalysts are characterized with a variety of methods including solid state cross-polarization magic-angle spinning (CP MAS) 13C and 29Si,NMR, FT-IR, elemental analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis. Initial investigations produced catalysts possessing high selectivities but decreasing activities upon reuse. Addition of excess pyridine during the washing steps between cycles was observed to maintain high catalytic activities over multiple cycles with no impact on selectivity. Polymer-supported catalysts showed superior activity and selectivity compared to the porous silica-supported catalyst. Additionally, a longer, flexible linker between the Ru-salen catalyst and support was observed to increase enantioselectivity and diastereoselectivity, but had no effect on activity of the resin catalysts. Furthermore, the polymer-supported Ru-salen-Py2 catalysts were found to generate superior selectivities and yields compared to other leading heterogeneous asymmetric cyclopropanation catalysts. [source] A facile route to ruthenium,carbene complexes and their application in furfural hydrogenationAPPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2010Zea Strassberger Abstract A number of new N -heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands were synthesized via a multicomponent reaction, wherein an aldehyde or ketone, a primary amine and an ,-acidic isocyanide were reacted, giving the corresponding 2H -2-imidazolines. These were easily alkylated with an alkyl halide at position N-3, yielding the final NHC precursors, that were then complexed with Ru in situ. The resulting complexes are shown to be active and selective catalysts for the transfer hydrogenation of furfural to furfurol, using isopropanol as the hydrogen source. Importantly, the carbene ligand remains coordinated to the ruthenium center throughout the reaction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Highly Enantioselective Ruthenium-Catalyzed Reduction of Ketones Employing Readily Available Peptide LigandsCHEMISTRY - A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, Issue 1 2004Anders Bøgevig Dr. Abstract Highly efficient and selective catalysts for the asymmetric reduction of aryl alkyl ketones under hydrogen-transfer conditions (2-propanol) were obtained by combining a novel class of pseudo-dipeptide ligands with [{RuCl2(p- cymene)}2]. A library of 36 dipeptide-like ligands was prepared from N -Boc-protected ,-amino acids and the enantiomers of 2-amino-1-phenylethanol and 1-amino-2-propanol. The catalyst library was evaluated with the reduction of acetophenone and excellent enantioselectivity of 1-phenylethanol was obtained with several of the novel catalysts. A ligand based on the combination of N -Boc- L -alanine and (S)-1-amino-2-propanol (ligand A - (S)- 4) was found to be particular effective. When the situ formed ruthenium complex of this ligand was employed as the catalyst in the hydrogen-transfer reaction of various aryl alkyl ketones, the corresponding alcohol products were achieved in excellent enantioselectivity (up to 98,% ee). [source] Nitrilase and Its Application as a ,Green' CatalystCHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 12 2006Ram Singh Abstract Hydrolase-catalyzed reactions have been widely applied in organic synthesis. Nitrilases are an important class of hydrolase that converts naturally occurring, as well as xenobiotically derived, nitriles to the corresponding carboxylic acids and ammonia. Because of their inherent enantio- and regioselectivities and other benefits, nitrilases are attractive as ,green', mild, and selective catalysts for setting stereogenic centers in fine-chemical synthesis and enantiospecific synthesis of a variety of carboxylic acid derivatives. In this review, the literature has been surveyed to provide a comprehensive coverage of the application of nitrilases in organic synthesis. Literature has also been cited to describe the isolation and/or characterization of nitrilases and related enzymes. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||