Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Sequential Sections (sequential + section)
Selected AbstractsComparison of BrdU and cyclin A as markers of the S-phase in oral precancerous lesionsJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 9 2000Richard J. Oliver Abstract: A study comparing bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) and cyclin A as markers of cells in the S-phase in oral precancerous lesions was performed. These were also compared with the growth fraction (GF) as assessed by Ki-67. Biopsies of 15 lesions were obtained, presenting clinically as leukoplakia or erythroplakia of the lateral tongue or floor of mouth. Half of each biopsy was incubated in BrdU and routinely fixed and processed. Sequential sections from each block were cut and stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against the following proteins: BrdU, Ki-67 and cyclin A. Stained sections were quantified and the labelling indices (LI) expressed per 100 of the total nucleated cell population (%) and per millimetre basement length (/mm). The mean LI% for BrdU was 11.24% (SD 2.83), for cyclin A it was 12.76% (SD 3.88) and the GF% was 29.25% (SD 11.88). The mean LI/mm for BrdU was 40.93/mm (SD 11.88), for cyclin A it was 47.59/mm (SD 18.28) and the GF/mm was 110.72/mm (SD 49.30). The BrdU and cyclin A indices were significantly correlated with each other. In the more dysplastic cases, the cyclin A LI was quantitatively much larger than that for BrdU, suggesting that the protein was being overexpressed. It was concluded that as a tool to study the kinetic aspects of the cell cycle in dysplastic lesions cyclin A was limited by the fact that it is overexpressed. In minimally dysplastic lesions and normal epithelia, however, cyclin A may be a viable alternative to BrdU for the study of the S-phase. [source] Three-dimensional reconstruction of the mucosa from sequential sections of biopsy specimens of patients with ulcerative colitis: Relationship between crypt structure and vascular architectureDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 2 2004Hiroo Furukawa Background:, In a previous paper, the stereographic reconstruction of the crypt structure of ulcerative colitis using the RATOCK System was described. The relationship between the blood vessels and the crypt structure is the focus of the current paper, using two kinds of tissue staining color in which the color differs. Stereographic images make the relationship between the crypt structure and blood vessel distribution understandable at a glance. Methods:, The methods used here are identical to those described in a previous paper. In the present paper, five cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) are examined. Biopsy specimens were obtained from the diseased, normal, and transitional zones (the area between the normal and diseased zones) from each patient. Three-dimensional reconstruction was created using TRI for Windows (RATOC System Tokyo, Japan) software. In the present paper, two kinds of dyeing method between H&E and monoclonal antibody staining of the tissue was used. It was proven that the distribution of gland and blood vessel is very clear in the 3-D reconstruction shown. Results:, (i) The blood vessels in the normal zones run parallel to the crypt in a regular manner and are almost identical to one another in diameter. (ii) In the transitional and diseased zones, the blood vessels show no clear direction and produce many branches without any apparent order. The blood vessels are, moreover, irregular in diameter. (iii) In short, clear parallelism is lost in both the transitional and diseased zones. Conclusion:, Stereographic reconstruction of endoscopically obtained biopsy specimens of UC-affected tissues makes it possible to understand at a glance the distribution of blood vessels and their relationship to crypts. The relationship of these was clarified by the combined use of two kinds of dyeing method with three-dimensional reconstruction. [source] Three-Dimensional Lipid Distribution of a Brown Rice KernelJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 7 2002Y. Ogawa ABSTRACT: Lipid distribution was successfully observed in a brown rice kernel (Oryza sativa L.) 3-dimension-ally (3D) by means of a virtual 3D visualizing model. Sections of an untreated rice kernel were collected on an adhesive tape with preservation of its shape. The actual distribution of lipid was visualized by staining. A virtual 3D visualizing model of the lipid distribution was produced from the stained sequential sections of the rice kernel. Lipid is not only located at the outer layer of the rice kernel but also in lower tissues beneath the seed coat and around the embryo. Lipid distribution at dorsal and ventral sides could also be visualized. [source] Immunohistochemical evidence for hepatic progenitor cells in liver diseasesLIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 5 2002Jianyou Tan Abstract:, Background/Aim: Proliferative bile ductular reactions occur in a variety of liver diseases in humans. It is a matter of debate whether such reactions result from progenitor cell proliferation with biliary and hepatocytic differentiation, versus biliary metaplasia of damaged hepatocytes. We investigated bile ductular reactions in liver diseases, paying particular attention to the presence of cells with intermediate (hepatocytic/biliary) features (oval-like cells). Methods: Five specimens each were selected of submassive hepatic necrosis and cirrhosis due to hepatitis B, hepatitis C, autoimmune hepatitis, alcohol injury, primary biliary cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Immunohistochemical stains were performed for biliary markers (cytokeratins [CKs] 7 and 19), as well as hepatocytic markers (HepParl and alpha-fetoprotein[AFP]) in sequential sections. The degree of staining of each cell type (biliary, hepatocytic, intermediate) was graded semiquantitatively. Results: Hepatocytes always stained diffusely for HepParl, occasionally for CK7, and rarely for CK19. Biliary cells were always diffusely positive for CK7 and CK19, and rarely for HepParl. Intermediate cells were identified in all cases and showed widespread staining for both HepParl and CK7, and less commonly for CK19. AFP was not expressed in any cell type. The morphologic and immunohistochemical features of bile ductular reactions were similar in the different diseases. Conclusions: Proliferating hepatic parenchymal cells with intermediate (hepatocytic/biliary) morphologic features and combined immunophenotype can be identified in a variety of acute and chronic liver diseases. The similarity of bile ductular reactions among chronic hepatitic, alcoholic and biliary diseases suggests that they result from proliferation of oval-like progenitor cells. [source] Relative distribution of three major lactate transporters in frozen human tissues and their localization in unfixed skeletal muscleMUSCLE AND NERVE, Issue 1 2002William N. Fishbein MD Abstract We have prepared affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antibodies to the near-C-terminal peptides of human monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) 1, 2, and 4 coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Each antiserum reacted only with its specific peptide antigen and gave a distinct molecular weight band (blocked by preincubation with antigen) after chemiluminescence reaction on Western blots from sodium dodecyl sulfate,polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of tissue membrane proteins. Densitometry showed distinctive expression patterns for each MCT in a panel of 15 frozen human tissues, with the distribution of MCT1 ,L:MCT2>MCT4. Fluorescence microscopy of unfixed skeletal muscle using fluorescein-conjugated secondary antibody was correlated with reverse adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) stained sequential sections to identify fiber-type localization. MCT1 expression was high in the sarcolemma of type 1 fibers, modest to low in type 2a fibers, and almost absent in type 2b fibers. In contrast, MCT4 expression was low to absent in the membrane of most type 1 fibers, but high in most 2a and in all 2b fibers, favoring the view that their high lactate levels during work may be channeled in part to neighboring type 1 (and perhaps 2a) fibers for oxidation, thereby delaying fatigue. MCT2 expression was limited to the sarcolemma of a type 1 fiber subset, which varied from <5 to 40%, depending on the specific muscle under study. Quantitative chemiluminescent densitometry of 10 muscle biopsies for their MCT2 and MCT4 content, each normalized to MCT1, confirmed the unique variation of MCT2 expression with biopsy site. The application of these antibodies should add to the understanding of motor unit physiology, and may contribute to the muscle-biopsy assessment of low-level denervation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Muscle Nerve 26: 101,112, 2002 [source] | ||||||||||