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Semistructured Questionnaire (semistructured + questionnaire)
Selected AbstractsPaths to nursing leadershipJOURNAL OF NURSING MANAGEMENT, Issue 5 2006TERESE BONDAS PhD Aim, The aim was to explore why nurses enter nursing leadership and apply for a management position in health care. The study is part of a research programme in nursing leadership and evidence-based care. Background, Nursing has not invested enough in the development of nursing leadership for the development of patient care. There is scarce research on nurses' motives and reasons for committing themselves to a career in nursing leadership. Method, A strategic sample of 68 Finnish nurse leaders completed a semistructured questionnaire. Analytic induction was applied in an attempt to generate a theory. Findings, A theory, Paths to Nursing Leadership, is proposed for further research. Four different paths were found according to variations between the nurse leaders' education, primary commitment and situational factors. They are called the Path of Ideals, the Path of Chance, the Career Path and the Temporary Path. Conclusion, Situational factors and role models of good but also bad nursing leadership besides motivational and educational factors have played a significant role when Finnish nurses have entered nursing leadership. The educational requirements for nurse leaders and recruitment to nursing management positions need serious attention in order to develop a competent nursing leadership. [source] The Sleep and Settle Questionnaire for parents of infants: Psychometric propertiesJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 5 2001S Matthey Objective: To determine the psychometric properties of a parent-report questionnaire (Sleep and Settle Questionnaire (SSQ)) assessing: (i) the infant's sleep and settling behaviour, and (ii) the parent's level of concern with such behaviours. Methodology: Test-retest reliability was determined by administering the SSQ to 20 mothers on two occasions, 7,14 days apart. Validity was determined by comparing SSQ responses between mothers with 6-week-old infants who, on a semistructured questionnaire, reported no sleep or settling difficulties (n = 56,60) with those who reported they were experiencing difficulties (n = 133). Further comparison was made with a sample of mothers (n = 34,36) attending a community class on sleep and settling difficulties with infants. Sensitivity to change was determined by comparing mothers' SSQ responses at 6-weeks and 6-months postpartum. Results: The SSQ was found to have low test,retest reliability on items referring to the infants' sleep and settling behaviour, but moderate reliability for the extent that such behaviour bothered the parent. Comparison across the different samples showed good discriminant and concurrent validity. Conclusions: Parental reports on the SSQ indicates that over a short period (1,2 weeks) the infants' sleep and settling behaviour can change considerably, but that the extent to which such behaviour bothers the parent is more stable. Good validity demonstrates the SSQ is sensitive to differing infant behaviour. It is recommended as both a clinical and research instrument, and could be used to complement assessments focusing on the parent's psychosocial adjustment in the early postpartum period. [source] Assessment of psychiatric complications in Parkinson's disease: The SCOPA-PCMOVEMENT DISORDERS, Issue 15 2007Martine Visser PhD Abstract The objective of this study was to develop a clinimetric sound scale that addresses both psychotic and compulsive complications in Parkinson's disease (PD). The SCales for Outcomes in PArkinson's disease-Psychiatric Complications (SCOPA-PC) was developed by modifying the items of the Parkinson Psychosis Rating Scale (PPRS) and including an item on compulsive behavior in PD. To evaluate the validity of the SCOPA-PC, 106 PD patients were assessed. A subsample of 43 patients was assessed for interrater and test,retest reliability. Construct validity was evaluated using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the South Oaks Gambling Scale (SOGS). Interrater and test,retest reliability for the total score was 0.95 and 0.91 (intraclass correlation coefficient), respectively. For the items, the interrater reliability ranged from 0.62 to 0.96 (weighted kappa) and the test,retest reliability ranged from 0.54 to 0.88 (weighted kappa). Cronbach's alpha was 0.68. The correlation between the SCOPA-PC total score and the NPI was 0.41. The correlation between SCOPA-PC items and NPI items that addressed similar constructs ranged from 0.34 to 0.68, whereas the correlation between the item on compulsive behavior and the SOGS was 0.49. In conclusion, the SCOPA-PC is a reliable, valid, and easily-administered semistructured questionnaire for both psychotic and compulsive complications in PD. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society [source] How integrating industrial design in the product development process impacts on company performanceTHE JOURNAL OF PRODUCT INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2001Gerda Gemser There is a growing belief that investing in industrial design is beneficial to company performance. This article sheds more light on how and when integrating industrial design in the product development process can enhance a company's competitive position. The basic premise is that the impact of industrial design on company performance is not unconditional, but dependent on industry evolution and design strategy. We opted to define industrial design in a general way, namely as the activity that transforms a set of product requirements into a configuration of materials, elements and components. This activity can have an impact on a product's appearance, user friendliness, ease of manufacture, efficient use of materials, functional performance, and so on. The empirical data incorporated in this study stems from two Dutch manufacturing industries, namely home furniture and precision instruments. Home furniture and precision instruments were selected because the strategy of integrating industrial design in the product development process is rather mature in the first-named industry and emerging in the second. We collected data from firms investing considerably in industrial design (n = 23) and firms investing little to nothing in industrial design (n = 24), using a semistructured questionnaire that was administrated during face-to-face sessions with senior managers. Two out of the three research hypotheses were supported. It was found that the extent to which firms integrate industrial design in new product development projects has a significant and positive influence on company performance (Hla), in particular when the strategy of investing in industrial design is relatively new for the industry involved (Hlb). There was no systematic pattern indicating that design innovation is more important in industries where the use of design is mature than in industries where the use of design is emerging (H2). Instead, we found that design innovation has significant positive performance effects in both types of industries. One important managerial inference from our study is that new product development managers should consider the changing nature of competition during industry evolution while developing strategies that encompass the use of industrial design in new product development. Another important managerial inference is that, besides being innovative in the field of products, being innovative with respect to design and design strategy can help to enhance competitiveness regardless of industry evolution. [source] Screening of antenatal depression in Pakistan: risk factors and effects on obstetric and neonatal outcomesASIA-PACIFIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 1 2010Nazish Imran MBBS MRCPsych Abstract Introduction: To determine the frequency of probable antenatal depression (AD) in pregnant women in third trimester, assess the risk factors and its impact on obstetric and neonatal outcomes in a developing country. Methods: A prospective study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore from March 2007 to July 2007. Two hundred and thirteen pregnant women in the third trimester, attending the Gynecology Outpatient Clinic were recruited. They were assessed by a semistructured questionnaire to gather demographic details and various risk factors for AD. AD was assessed by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. All women were followed until delivery to determine their obstetric and neonatal outcomes. Results: Out of 213 women, 91 (42.7%) scored above the cut-off for AD. More women with depression reported problems in their marriage, problems with parents/in laws, history of domestic violence, past history of psychiatric problems and history of postnatal depression. In the obstetric risk factors history of previous miscarriages, stillbirths, and complications in previous pregnancy reached statistical significance. Thirty-seven (17.3%) women were lost to follow up. Women with AD had more obstetric complications during delivery. Babies of mothers with AD had significantly low birth weight, as well as low mean APGAR scores at 1 and 5 minutes following birth. Discussion: AD is a common problem in Pakistani Society. In view of the risk factors and adverse outcomes associated with depression during pregnancy, there is need for close liaison between Gynaecologists and Psychiatrists in managing these patients. [source] Influences on medical students' decisions to study at a rural clinical schoolAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 5 2008Ryan J. Spencer Abstract Objective:,To identify factors that influenced medical students at Monash University to undertake their first year of clinical training (third year of the medical course) at a rural clinical school (RCS). Design:,Third-year Monash University medical students undertaking clinical placements at a RCS were surveyed in 2005. A semistructured questionnaire was used to ask students to rate the influence of a list of factors on their decision to undertake their year-long placement at a RCS. Results:,Under half (48%) of students studying at an RCS reported that they were of rural background. All surveyed items were identified as having had a positive influence. Greater clinical experience, learning opportunities and patient access were identified as having the greatest positive influence followed closely by free accommodation and other financial and supportive incentives. Future rural career intention was eight times more likely to be a positive influence in rural compared with urban background students. Conclusion:,The most important positive influence on Monash third-year medical students' decision to study at an RCS is the perception of high-quality clinical experiences and education. This perception arises from rural exposure during pre-clinical years. [source] | ||||||||||