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Scientific Culture (scientific + culture)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Heritage and Scientific Culture: the intangible in science museums in France

MUSEUM INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1-2 2004
Michel Van Praët
[source]

Science, religion and modernity

CRITICAL QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2005
STEPHEN GAUKROGER
There is a widespread view that the centrality of science in our culture is due to the spectacular nature of its achievements, which derive in large part from the fact that it is answerable to nothing but reason and evidence. As a consequence it is believed to be untinged by historical or cultural factors, which can therefore be ignored, making science something which in essence has no context, historical or otherwise. Science has emerged on this view because it managed to free itself from religion and because it adopted a critical, adversarial method. In reality, the situation is quite different. Religion was in the driving seat during the period of the emergence of a scientific culture in the West, and it was always history rather than science that posed the threat to religion. Moreover, a commitment to critical, adversarial method was often rejected as argument for its sake in the crucial early development of science. A more balanced and informed view of just what happened is called for. [source]

Women in Science, Engineering and Technology: A Review of The Issues

HIGHER EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2002
Diane Bebbington
Concern continues to be expressed over women's difficulties in advancing their careers as academic scientists. Though some sciences may be numerically ,feminised', few women reach the upper echelons of science. Scant attention has been paid to issues of the progression of women from non,traditional backgrounds, such as those from ethnic minorities, who may be particularly disadvantaged. What research there is indicates a variation between the sciences in terms of women's careers and patterns that are replicated globally. Explanations are now focusing on how the scientific culture itself acts as a barrier to women rather than on the notion that women themselves lack the requisite skills. The Athena Project is a policy response to this issue. Future research and policy needs to look more closely at differences between the sciences, how women from diverse backgrounds experience the academic labour market and epistemological connections between employment and engagement with the scientific agenda. [source]

Giovanni Filippo Ingrassia: A five-hundred year-long lesson

CLINICAL ANATOMY, Issue 7 2010
Francesco Cappello
Abstract Giovanni Filippo Ingrassia was born five centuries ago in Regalbuto, a small town in the center of Sicily. After his medical course in Padua, under the guidance of Vesalius and Fallopius, he gained international fame as a physician and was recruited as a Professor of human anatomy in Naples and later in Palermo. He is remembered as "the new Galen" or "the Sicilian Hippocrates." He contributed to the knowledge of human anatomy through the description of single bones rather than the whole skeleton. In particular, he was the first to describe the "stapes," the "lesser wings of the sphenoid" and various other structures in the head (probably the pharyngotympanic tube) as well as in the reproductive system (corpora cavernosa and seminal vesicles). He was also a pioneer in the study of forensic medicine, hygiene, surgical pathology, and teratology. As Protomedicus of Sicily, he developed the scientific culture in this country. During those years, he faced the spread of malaria and plague with competence and authoritativeness. Indeed, he was one of the first physicians to suppose that certain diseases could be transmitted between individuals, therefore, introducing revolutionary measures of prevention. He is remembered for his intellectual authority and honesty. Five-hundred years after his birth, his teaching is still alive. In this article, we survey the life and contribution of this pioneer of early anatomical study. Clin. Anat. 23:743,749, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]