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Same Yields (same + yield)
Selected AbstractsEvaluation of residual values of different fertilisers at various rates used in phosphorus recapitalisation of an acid tropical soilJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 14 2006Esther W Gikonyo Abstract The success of ,phosphorus (P) recapitalisation' depends on the changes in residual value (RV) over time. RVs of triple superphosphate (TSP), Gafsa phosphate rock (GPR) and Christmas Island phosphate rock (CIPR) were determined with and without manure bimonthly for 14 months. RV was calculated as the amount of previously applied fertiliser required to produce yield X divided by the amount of freshly applied TSP required to produce the same yield. Dry matter yield (DMY) response curves were curvilinear, with maximum DMY (11 t ha,1) occurring between 150 and 200 kg P ha,1 at 6 months and declining with time to 2,4 t ha,1 (14 months). Manure/fertiliser combinations increased DMY for CIPR but depressed DMY for TSP and GPR in all harvests except the first one. This can be attributed to nutrient imbalance caused by high P levels. RVs declined with time for fertilisers alone from 100,140% to 10,20% (14 months), while for fertiliser/manure combinations they declined from 110,180% to 10,20% (14 months). Increasing P rates from 100 to 300 kg P ha,1 resulted in the depression of initial RVs (100,140%) to 20,60% and later to 10,20% (14 months). Therefore P recapitalisation was not beneficial and hence annual P application would be recommended at 100,150 kg P ha,1. The phosphate rocks could effectively substitute for TSP. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry [source] The effect of cutting and fish-orientation systems on the deheading yield of carpINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2008Andrzej Dowgiallo Summary Applied research into carp-deheading yield indicated that the V-cut with two circular knives averaged 77.9%; the V-cut with one cup-type knife , 75.6%, and the straight cut at a 79° angle to the fish backbone , 77.4%. The yield averages for deheaded and gutted carp were 63.6%, 62.4% and 62.9%, respectively. Standard analysis of variance demonstrated that there were no statistically significant differences between the mean yields of these three deheading systems. Furthermore, the potential influence of the fish-orientation system in close connection with the cutting systems on the deheading yield was analysed. This indicated that, with the same yields, the straight-cutting system simplifies the precise orientation of the fish in relation to the cutting knives. [source] Automated method for measuring globin adducts of acrylamide and glycidamide at optimized Edman reaction conditions,RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 6 2006Hubert W. Vesper The general population is exposed to acrylamide, a potential human carcinogen, through food and cigarette smoke. The assessment of human exposure to acrylamide is important in the evaluation of health risks associated with this chemical. Hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (AA-Hb) and its primary metabolite glycidamide (GA-Hb) are established biomarkers of acrylamide exposure and methods to measure these biomarkers using modified Edman reaction are described. Only limited information about the optimal Edman reaction conditions such as pH or temperature is available for these adducts and the existing methods do not allow automation needed in biomonitoring studies. In this study, the yield of Edman products of AA-Hb and GA-Hb between pH 3,10 and at 35,55°C at different time intervals, and the applicability of liquid-liquid extraction on diatomaceous earth for analyte extraction, were assessed and results were used in a new optimized method. The applicability of our optimized method was assessed by comparing results obtained with a convenience sample from 96 individuals with a conventional method. Maximum yield of Edman products was obtained between pH 6,7, heating the reaction solution at 55°C for 2,h resulted in the same yields as with conventional conditions, and use of diatomaceous earth was found suitable for automated analyte extraction. Using these conditions, no difference was observed between our optimized and a conventional method. The median globin adduct values in the convenience sample are 129,pmol/g globin (range: 27,453,pmol/g globin) and 97,pmol/g globin (range: 27,240,pmol/g globin) for AA-Hb and GA-Hb, respectively. The GA-Hb/AA-Hb ratio decreases significantly with increasing AA-Hb values indicating that measurement of AA-Hb as well as GA-Hb are needed to appropriately assess human exposure to acrylamide. Published in 2006 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Performance of Galia-type melons grafted on to Cucurbita rootstock in Monosporascus cannonballus -infested and non-infested soilsANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY, Issue 3 2005R COHEN Summary Galia-type melons grafted on to the Cucurbita rootstock,TZ 148'and non-grafted controls were evaluated for vegetative development under greenhouse conditions. In general, the development of grafted and non-grafted plants was similar within a cultivar. The horticultural and pathological performances of the Galia-type melons ,Carrera', ,NUN-5554', ,6003' and ,Arava' were evaluated in experiments conducted in non-infested and Monosporascus-infested soils. In non-infested soil, grafted and non-grafted ,Carrera', ,NUN-5554' and ,Arava' had the same yields. The yield of grafted ,6003' was significantly higher than that of its non-grafted control. Responses of grafted and non-grafted Galia-type melons to Monosporascus cannonballus were evaluated and compared in the spring and autumn growing seasons. Significant differences in disease incidence were found among cultivars, between grafted and non-grafted plants, and between growing seasons. Disease reduction and the beneficial effect of grafting on yield were more pronounced in the spring. The results indicate that Galia-type melons can be grafted successfully, but the cultivation of the grafted plants should be adapted to each growing area and season. [source] | ||||||||||