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Salivary Duct (salivary + duct)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	58%
Life Sciences	41%

Terms modified by Salivary Duct

salivary duct carcinoma

Selected Abstracts

A Technical Improvement in Sialendoscopy to Enter the Salivary Ducts

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2006
Cyrille Chossegros MD
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Staying alive: Dalmatian mediated blocking of apoptosis is essential for tissue maintenance

DEVELOPMENTAL DYNAMICS, Issue 6 2010
Bilal E. Kerman
Abstract In an EMS screen for mutations disrupting tracheal development, we identified new alleles of the dalmation (dmt) gene, which had previously been shown to affect peripheral nervous system (PNS) development. Here, we demonstrate that dmt loss results in programmed cell death, disrupting PNS patterning and leading to large gaps in the salivary duct and trachea. Dmt loss results in increased expression of the proapoptotic regulator genes head involution defective (hid) and reaper (rpr), and deletion of these genes or tissue-specific expression of the baculoviral apoptotic inhibitor P35 rescues the dmt defects. dmt is also required to protect cells from irradiation induced expression of hid and rpr during the irradiation resistant stage, which begins as cells become irreversibly committed to their final fates. Thus, we propose that Dmt keeps cells alive by blocking activation of hid and rpr as cells become irreversibly committed. Developmental Dynamics 239:1609,1621, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands and salivary pumps in the scorpionfly Panorpa obtusa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)

ACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010
Shuyu Liu
Abstract Liu, S. and Hua, B. 2009. Histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands and salivary pumps in the scorpionfly Panorpa obtusa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae). ,Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 91: 457,465. The morphology, histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands and salivary pumps in the scorpionfly Panorpa obtusaCheng 1949 were investigated using light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The salivary glands display a distinct sexual dimorphism. The female has only two small sac-like glands located in the prothorax, while the male possesses six long tubular glands extending into the sixth abdominal segment. The male salivary glands can be divided into five distinct regions. The apical long, thin secretory region possesses numerous secretory cells containing large secretory vesicles; the salivary reservoir expands in diameter, accumulating and temporarily storing the saliva in addition to secreting saliva; the constricted region contains prismatic cells with complex infolded plasma membrane; the sac has an internal brush border to absorb water and ions; the common salivary duct contains longitudinal muscles in the male, but not in the female. The salivary pump possesses independent strong dorsal muscles and abundant internal palm spines near its orifice. The anatomy and ultrastructure of the salivary glands and the salivary pump of scorpionflies as well as their possible functions are briefly discussed. [source]

Expression of the Artemia trachealess gene in the salt gland and epipod

EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 5 2002
Brian Mitchell
SUMMARY The Drosophila trachealess gene encodes a basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS transcription factor that controls the formation of the trachea and salivary duct. An ortholog of trachealess was identified in the brine shrimp, Artemia franciscana, and was shown to be highly conserved by sequence identity. Expression of Artemia trachealess was observed at two sites during development: the naupliar salt gland and the juvenile thoracic epipod. These two organs function at their respective times of development in osmoregulation, an important aspect of brine shrimp physiology. This extends the range of putative functions of trachealess to include formation of osmoregulatory, respiratory, and ductile organs. [source]

Robust salivary gland-specific transgene expression in Anopheles stephensi mosquito

INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, Issue 4 2006
S. Yoshida
Abstract Malaria sporozoites invade the mosquito salivary glands and wait in the salivary duct until the next blood feeding. The mechanisms of the process and molecules involved in the salivary gland invasion remain largely unknown. To establish a robust salivary gland-specific transgene expression in Anopheles stephensi, we obtained a salivary gland-specific promoter for a gene encoding anopheline antiplatelet protein (AAPP). The aapp promoter is a female salivary gland-specific and blood meal-inducible strong promoter. Using this promoter, we generated a transgenic An. stephensi expressing abundant Discosoma sp. red fluorescent protein (DsRed) in the distal-lateral lobes of the glands, where the sporozoites invade preferentially. These results open up the possibilities of elucidating salivary gland,parasite interactions and generating transgenic mosquitoes refractory to parasites. [source]

Head structures of males of Strepsiptera (Hexapoda) with emphasis on basal splitting events within the order

JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY, Issue 5 2006
Rolf Georg Beutel
Abstract Internal and external head structures of males of Strepsiptera were examined and the head of a species of Mengenilla is described in detail. The results suggest a reinterpretation of some structures. The head of basal extant strepsipterans is subprognathous, whereas it is strictly orthognathous in the groundplan of Strepsiptera s.l. The labrum and hypopharynx are not part of the mouthfield sclerite. The labial palps are absent in all strepsipterans. A very slightly modified mandibular articulation is preserved in Eoxenos, whereas it is distinctly reduced in other extant groups. A salivary duct, salivary glands, and a cephalic aorta are absent. The cladistic analysis of 44 characters of the head results in the following branching pattern: (Protoxenos + (Mengea + (Eoxenos + (Mengenilla [Austr.] + Mengenilla) + (Elenchus + Dundoxenos + Xenos + Stylops)))). Most apomorphies of males are associated with the necessity of finding females within a short time span and with a reduced necessity to consume food: large "raspberry" eyes, flabellate antennae with numerous dome-shaped chemoreceptors, Hofeneder's organ, an ovoid sensillum of the maxillary palp, and the simplified condition of the maxilla and the labium. Strepsiptera excl. Protoxenos are supported by the dorsomedian frontal impression, the dorsally shifted antennal insertions, a reduced number of antennal segments, absence of the galea, and probably by the presence of the mouthfield sclerite, which is a unique apomorphic feature. The balloon-gut combined with an unusual air-uptake apparatus is another possible autapomorphy of this clade. It is likely that the last common ancestor of Strepsiptera excl. Protoxenos did not process food. Strepsiptera s.str. are characterized by the strongly reduced condition of the labrum and the absence of the epistomal suture. Eoxenos is the sister group of the remaining Strepsiptera s.str. Synapomorphies of Mengenilla + Stylopidia are the advanced reduction of the mandibular articulation and the secondary absence of the ovoid sensillum. The monophyly of Mengenilla is confirmed, even though a small free labrum is present in Australian species. Derived features of Stylopidia are the absence of the coronal suture and the reduced condition of the frontal suture. Apomorphies that have evolved within Stylopidia are the membranization of parts of the head, the fusion of antennal segments, the increase or decrease of the number of flabellate flagellomeres, reductions and modifications of the mandibles, and modifications of the mouthfield sclerite. The monophyly of Stylopiformia is not unambiguously supported. A position of the mandibles posterior to the mouthfield sclerite (when adducted) is a possible synapomorphy shared by Xenos, Stylops, and other "higher Stylopidia." The blade-like distal part of the mandibles suggests a closer relationship of Elenchus with these taxa. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Endoscopic Treatment of Salivary Gland Injuries due to Facial Rejuvenation Procedures

THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 5 2008
Oded Nahlieli DMD
Abstract Objective: The purpose of this article is to describe innovative surgical techniques for treatment of salivary gland injuries caused by facial rejuvenation procedures. Methods: Between 2001 and 2007, a total of 14 patients, all females ages 46 to 70 who suffered from salivary gland injuries caused by facial rejuvenation procedures, were treated, primarily by an endoscopic-guided technique that involved location of the injury and endoscopic repair. Results: There were four types of postsurgical injuries of the salivary glands that were caused by operations for facial rejuvenation: 1) compression of salivary ducts with temporary swelling (n = 1); 2) laceration of the capsule of the salivary gland (n = 3); 3) stretching and compression of the ducts with penetration of the capsule of the duct leading to sialocele and long-term swelling (types 1 and 2 combined) (n = 5); and 4) complete cut or penetration of the main salivary duct or of one of its main branches resulting in sialocele (n = 5). The endoscopic technique treatment was successful in all cases. Conclusion: The main reasons for salivary gland injuries due to facial rejuvenation procedures in our patients were: poor anatomical identification of the border between the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) and the parotid capsule; penetration of the salivary gland capsule by blunt or sharp dissection; unnecessary use of sharp-tip scissors; and a tear of the salivary duct by hooks during a face-lift procedure. Plastic surgeons should be aware of these complications and try to improve their techniques accordingly. To avoid atrophy of the salivary gland, once the diagnosis it made, it is advisable to send the patient to a maxillofacial or ENT surgeon skilled in endoscopy. [source]

Immunohistochemical study of epidermal growth factor receptor in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary gland origin

HEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 7 2002
Marilena Vered DMD
Abstract Background Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) are involved in the development of salivary gland tumors. Recently, treatment modalities for EGFR inhibition have shown an enhanced clinical response in carcinomas of different locations. Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland origin is a malignant tumor with a poor long-term outcome. If salivary gland ACC does exhibit EGFR, then immunotherapy could have a major impact on improving its prognosis. Methods The study consisted of 34 samples of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of salivary gland ACC. Specimens were stained with a mouse antihuman monoclonal antibody for immunohistochemical detection of EGFR. Overlying oral mucosa and adjacent normal salivary ducts served as internal controls. Both membrane and cytoplasmic staining were evaluated. Staining score was calculated by multiplying the percentage of positively stained tumor cells by the intensity of the staining. The highest score for a given tumor was equal to 2. Results In the final analysis, 27 of the 34 specimens were included; 7 were excluded, because the internal control did not reveal any staining. Of these 27 specimens, 23 (85%) stained positively for EGFR with a staining score of 0.05 to 1.8. Three palatal tumors attained the highest scores (one tumor, 1.2, and the remaining two, 1.8). Conclusions Most salivary gland ACC stained positively for EGFR, and in some the staining was quite intense. On the basis of the already proven antitumoral effect of agents acting as EGFR inhibitors, it is suggested that patients with ACC might benefit from these agents, especially when surgery has failed or in those with recurrent or metastatic disease. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 24: 632,636, 2002 [source]

Association of hepatocyte growth factor expression with salivary gland tumor differentiation

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 12 2003
Keiichi Tsukinoki
To clarify the significance of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression in salivary gland tumors, HGF distribution in tissue sections and HGF concentrations in saliva and serum were examined. Sixty salivary gland adenomas, 61 salivary gland carcinomas and three autopsy fetuses were studied. Hepatocyte growth factor expression was observed in the duct-type luminal cells by immunohistochemical staining and in situ hybridization. However, HGF failed to be expressed in acinar cells and myoepithelium of normal salivary gland tissue. Hepatocyte growth factor tended to be expressed more intensely in benign salivary gland tumors than in malignant salivary gland tumors (P < 0.0001). In highly malignant tumors, the expression was limited in some cases. Salivary and serological HGF concentrations of 18 patients, comprised of 12 benign cases and six malignant cases, were analyzed before and after operation by an ELISA system. The concentrations were distinctly elevated after operation, in both saliva and serum, compared to before operation (P < 0.0005). However, there were no significant relationships between HGF concentration and histology, age, gender, size or location. Our findings suggest that HGF may play an important role in the development of salivary ducts of normal salivary tissues and differentiation of ductal structures of their neoplasms, while HGF kinetics in saliva and serum would be less likely to reflect the neoplastic character, benign or malignant. [source]

Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in human salivary gland tumors

PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 10 2001
Kazunari Sakurai
We examined the immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in human salivary gland tumors. Thirty salivary gland adenomas (SGA), 40 salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) and 15 normal salivary glands (NSG) were studied. NSG showed restricted COX-2 staining only in the epithelial cells of salivary ducts. In contrast, COX-2 protein was detected in 27 cases of SGA (90%), except for three myoepitheliomas, and in all cases of SGC (100%) at various intensities and in various fashions. Thirteen SGA (43%) and 36 SGC (90%) cases showed strong COX-2 staining predominantly in tumor cells containing ductal components, as did serous and mucous acinic components of acinic cell carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and mucinous carcinomas. These findings may suggest that COX-2 in salivary gland tumors is expressed in tumor cells derived from pluripotential ductal epithelium that can histologically develop into either serous or mucinous acinar cells. [source]