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Automated Identification (automate + identification)
Selected AbstractsAutomated identification of technologically similar organizationsJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 10 2005Anthony Breitzman This article introduces and validates a method for identifying technologically similar organizations, industries, or regions by applying the techniques from information science for term similarity to international patent classifications. Several applications of the method are explored, including identifying hidden competitive threats, finding potential acquisition targets, locating university expertise within a technology, identifying competitor strategy shifts, and more. One advantage of the method is that it is size invariant, meaning, for example, that it is possible for a huge corporation to identify smaller firms in its space before they become significant competitors. Another advantage is that technologically similar organizations can be identified on a large scale without any particular knowledge of the technology or business of either source organizations or target organizations. [source] Three-Dimensional Surface Topography Acquisition and Analysis for Firearm IdentificationJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 2 2006Nicola Senin M.S. ABSTRACT: In the last decade, computer-based systems for the comparison of microscopic firearms evidence have been the subject of considerable research work because of their expected capability of supporting the firearms examiner through the automated analysis of large amounts of evidence. The Integrated Ballistics Identification System, which is based on a two-dimensional representation of the specimen surface, has been widely adopted in forensic laboratories worldwide. More recently, some attempts to develop systems based on three-dimensional (3D) representations of the specimen surface have been made, both in the literature and as industrial products, such as BulletTRAX-3D, but fundamental limitations in achieving fully automated identification remain. This work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of a 3D-based approach by proposing an approach and a prototype system for firearms evidence comparison that is based on the acquisition and analysis of the 3D surface topography of specimens, with particular reference to cartridge cases. The concept of 3D virtual comparison microscope is introduced, whose purpose is not to provide fully automated identification, but to show how the availability of 3D shape information can provide a whole new set of verification means, some of them being described and discussed in this work, specifically, visual enhancement tools and quantitative measurement of shape properties, for supporting, not replacing, the firearm examiner in reaching the final decision. [source] New approach for rapid detection of known hemoglobin variants using LC-MS/MS combined with a peptide database,JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (INCORP BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY), Issue 3 2007F. Basilico Abstract The identification of hemoglobin (Hb) variants is usually performed by means of different analytical steps and methodologies. Phenotypic methods, such as gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography, are used to detect the different electrophoretic or chromatographic behaviors of hemoglobin variants in comparison to HbA0 used as a control. These data often need to be combined with mass spectrometry analyses of intact globins and their tryptic peptide mixtures. As an alternative to a ,step-by-step' procedure, we have developed a ,single step' approach for the identification of Hb variants present in biological samples. This is based on the µHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of the peptide mixture generated by a tryptic digestion of diluted Hb samples and an in-house new database containing solely the variant tryptic peptide of known human Hb variants. The experimental results (full MS and MS/MS spectra) are correlated with theoretical mass spectra generated from our in-house-built variant peptide database (Hbp) using the SEQUEST algorithm. Simple preparation of samples and an automated identification of the variant peptide are the main characteristics of this approach, making it an attractive method for the detection of Hb variants at the routine clinical level. We have analyzed 16 different samples, each containing a different known variant of hemoglobin. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Towards automation of palynology 2: the use of texture measures and neural network analysis for automated identification of optical images of pollen grains,JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE, Issue 8 2004P. LI Abstract The automation of palynology (the identification and counting of pollen grains and spores) will be a small step for image recognition, but a giant stride for palynology. Here we show the first successful automated identification, with 100% accuracy, of a realistic number of taxa. The technique used involves a neural network classifier applied to surface texture data from light microscope images. A further significance of the technique is that it could be adapted for the identification of a wide range of biological objects, both microscopic and macroscopic. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Identification of fiber misalignment in continuous fiber compositesPOLYMER COMPOSITES, Issue 3 2003S. C. Barwick Misaligned fibers are invariably present in nominally unidirectional high-performance composites. Such misaligned fibers are known to affect key mechanical properties of the composite, such as the longitudinal compressive strength, longitudinal tensile modulus, fatigue endurance, shear strength, and delamination resistance (1). In this paper we present a method for the automated detection of large angle fiber misalignment (, > 40°) in continuous fiber-reinforced composite materials. The method relies on the application of a series of geometrical criteria based upon measurements routinely obtained during optical scanning of polished sample cross-sections. As such, the technique is ideal for the automated identification of highly misaligned fibers in large-area (, cm2) specimens that may contain several millions of individual fiber images. The criteria applied take into account the fact that prepared cross-sections of such materials contain many damaged fibers as a result of attrition during polishing. Data obtained from three pultruded unidirectional rods reinforced with continuous carbon filaments are used to illustrate the effectiveness of this method in identifying regions where large angle misalignment occurs. [source] Selective analysis of phosphopeptides within a protein mixture by chemical modification, reversible biotinylation and mass spectrometryRAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY, Issue 16 2001Maceij Adamczyk A new method combining chemical modification and affinity purification is described for the characterization of serine and threonine phosphopeptides in proteins. The method is based on the conversion of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues to S -(2-mercaptoethyl)cysteinyl or ,-methyl- S -(2-mercaptoethyl)cysteinyl residues by ,-elimination/1,2-ethanedithiol addition, followed by reversible biotinylation of the modified proteins. After trypsin digestion, the biotinylated peptides were affinity-isolated and enriched, and subsequently subjected to structural characterization by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Database searching allowed for automated identification of modified residues that were originally phosphorylated. The applicability of the method is demonstrated by the identification of all known phosphorylation sites in a mixture of ,-casein, ,-casein, and ovalbumin. The technique has potential for adaptations to proteome-wide analysis of protein phosphorylation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||