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Risk Reduction Intervention (risk + reduction_intervention)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences80%

Selected Abstracts

Preliminary efficacy of a comprehensive HIV prevention intervention for abstinent adolescent girls: Pilot study findings,

RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 6 2009
Dianne Morrison-Beedy
Abstract We developed and pilot-tested a comprehensive HIV prevention/sexual risk reduction intervention with 54 sexually abstinent girls and estimated the effect of the intervention on three antecedents of sexual risk behavior: information, motivation, and behavioral skills. Girls ages 14,18 were randomized into either (a) an AbsPlus intervention or (b) a structurally equivalent control group. Assessments were obtained at baseline and 3 months follow-up using audio computer assisted self-interview. The intervention resulted in a large effect for information (d,=,1.11); small to large effects for the motivational measures (d,=,.34,.88), and a moderate effect for a measure of behavioral skills (d,=,.67). The results indicate that antecedents of sexual risk behavior change were improved by a gender-specific theoretically guided intervention. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:569,581, 2009 [source]

Group-based HIV risk reduction intervention for adolescent girls: Evidence of feasibility and efficacy

RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 1 2005
Dianne Morrison-Beedy
Abstract The purposes of this pilot study were (a) to assess the feasibility of a community-based, small group HIV risk reduction intervention with adolescent girls, and (b) to obtain preliminary evidence of the efficacy of this theoretically-guided intervention using a controlled design. The feasibility of the intervention was demonstrated by successfully implementing it with 33 sexually-active, single girls. Preliminary evidence of the efficacy of the intervention was obtained using a randomized trial with 62 sexually-active, single girls. Data obtained at a 3-month follow-up assessment showed that girls who received the HIV-related intervention improved their HIV-related knowledge and enhanced their motivation for risk reduction compared to girls who received a control (health promotion) intervention. Effect sizes suggest that the HIV intervention also reduced several risk behaviors (e.g., vaginal sex without a condom, giving oral sex, and alcohol and drug use before sex). Challenges to implementation and suggestions for intervention enhancement are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 28:3,15, 2005 [source]

Relationship of Stigma to HIV Risk Among Women with Mental Illness

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY, Issue 4 2008
Pamela Y. Collins MD
Urban women with severe mental illness (SMI) are vulnerable to stigma and discrimination related to mental illness and other stigmatized labels. Stigma experiences may increase their risk for negative health outcomes, such as HIV infection. This study tests the relationship between perceived stigma and HIV risk behaviors among women with SMI. The authors interviewed 92 women attending community mental health programs using the Stigma of Psychiatric Illness and Sexuality Among Women Questionnaire. There were significant relationships between personal experiences of mental illness and substance use accompanying sexual intercourse; perceived ethnic stigma and having a riskier partner type; and experiences of discrimination and having a casual or sex-exchange partner. Higher scores on relationship stigma were associated with a greater number of sexual risk behaviors. The findings underscore the importance of exploring how stigma attached to mental illness intersects with other stigmatized labels to produce unique configurations of HIV risk. HIV risk reduction interventions and prevention research should integrate attention to stigmatized identities in the lives of women with SMI. [source]

Assessing violence risk in Tarasoff situations: a fact-based model of inquiry,

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW, Issue 3 2001
Randy Borum Psy.D.
Although significant advances in risk assessment research and practice have been made in recent years, there has not been any analysis in the professional literature regarding how and whether the emerging practice recommendations apply in Tarasoff -type situations. We suggest that, when faced with a Tarasoff -type situation, the appraisal of risk should be guided by a method that is primarily fact-based and deductive, rather than by the more inductive risk assessment approach for general violence recidivism, which is guided primarily by base rates and historical risk factors. We review the principles underlying a fact-based, or threat assessment, approach and outline six areas of inquiry that can guide the appraisal of risk: A,attitudes that support or facilitate violence, C,capacity, T,thresholds crossed, I,intent, O,other's reactions, and N,noncompliance with risk reduction interventions. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]