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Retinal Changes (retinal + change)
Selected AbstractsOcular alterations in patients of alopecia areataTHE JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2009Deepika PANDHI ABSTRACT There is paucity of published work on ocular alterations in patients of alopecia areata (AA), especially from the Asian continent. We studied the clinical profile of 83 patients of AA and 80 sex- and age-matched controls to assess and compare the ocular changes, namely punctate opacities, cataract, intraocular tension and retinal changes. The outcome was analyzed with respect to prevalence of atopy, concomitant personal or family history of autoimmune diseases and nail changes in both the groups. The prevalence of atopy and family history of autoimmune diseases was significantly higher in the patient group. Lenticular changes were observed in 40.9% patients (including cataract in 16.9%) and 11.2% controls (P < 0.005). Within the patient group, lenticular involvement occurred with increased frequency in atopics (P = 0.034) and in the presence of family history of autoimmune diseases (P < 0.05). Retinal changes in the form of degenerative changes, pigmentary clumping and abnormal vascular changes were more prevalent (P < 0.001) in the study group. As the ocular changes were not found to correlate with the age, severity or extent of the disease, an initial ophthalmological screening of all patients is suggested. [source] Time-course and characteristic morphology of retinal changes following combination of verteporfin therapy and intravitreal triamcinolone in neovascular age-related macular degenerationACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2 2010Shilla Lie Abstract. Purpose:, To identify characteristic morphological changes of the retina over time and the association with visual function after combined photodynamic therapy (PDT) and intravitreal triamcinolone (IVTA). Methods:, In this retrospective study, 40 patients (40 eyes) were treated with PDT and same-day IVTA. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography (FA) and evaluation of distance visual acuity (VA) were performed. The anatomical changes within intra- and subretinal compartments and their detailed analysis and grading were the main outcome measures. Results:, Intraretinal fluid (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) by OCT decreased until 3 months (p < 0.01). At month 3, intraretinal cystoid spaces (ICS) had resolved or decreased in 84% of eyes, SRF in 58% and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in 50%. Mean best-corrected VA (BCVA) improved significantly at month 1 (p < 0.01). Mean central retinal thickness (CRT) increased from 334 ,m at baseline to 439 ,m at day 1 (p = 0.03) before decreasing to 286 ,m at day 7 (p = 0.06), 233 ,m at month 1 (p = 0.001) and 255 ,m at month 3 (p = 0.001). Conclusion:, Combined verteporfin/IVTA therapy induces distinct time-related effects on the retina within the different intra- and subretinal compartments. [source] In vivo imaging of retinal inflammation in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009Purpose Experimental animal models are essential for us to understand the pathogenesis of human diseases. Posterior uveoretinitis can be modelled in mice with IRBP immunization (i.e. experimental autoimmune uveitis, EAU), whereas a number of mouse models are also available for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). With the advancement in new technologies, it is now possible to image inflammatory retinal changes in experimental mice in vivo none invasively. The aim of the study is to clinical revisit the traditional retinal inflammation animal models with modern imaging techniques. Methods EAU was induced in C57B/6 mice with IRBP peptide 1-20. Aged CCL2 knockout mice were used as an AMD model. Retinal inflammatory changes were imaged in vivo non-invasively using topical endoscopic fundus imaging system and the scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) system. Results Inflammatory retinal changes in the early stages of EAU were characterised as retinal oedema, vascular sheathing, multiple small retinal infiltrates or large linear retinal infiltrates. "Snow-ball"-like vitreous infiltrates were observed in the inferior part of the fundus at the peak stage of EAU. Using SLO autofluorescent (AF)-macrophages were detected at the peak stages of EAU and were located predominately around inflamed retinal venules. At the late stages of EAU, retinal scars and intraretinal neovascular membranes were observed. In the retina aged CCL2 KO mice, regional retinal atrophy and dursen-like multiple lesions were observed. Dursen-like changes were autofluorescent in SLO examination. Ex vivo confocal microscopy indicated that they were not dursen but subretinal lipofuscin-loaded microglial cells. Conclusion EAU mimics many aspects of human posterior uveoretinitis including retinal vasculitis, multifocal choroiditis. Late stage EAU could be a good model for inflammation induced retinal neovascularisation. CCL2 KO mouse is a model of dry-AMD. [source] Digital image analysis of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurityACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2009Tariq Aslam Abstract. An accurate assessment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is essential in ensuring correct and timely treatment of this potentially blinding condition. Current modes of assessment are based upon clinical grading by expert examination of retinal changes. However, this may be subjective, unreliable and difficult and there has been significant interest in alternative means of measurement. These have been made possible through technological advancements in image capture and analysis as well as progress in clinical research, highlighting the specific importance of plus disease in ROP. Progress in these two fields has highlighted the potential for digital image analysis of plus disease to be used as an objective, reliable and valid measurement of ROP. The potential for clinical and scientific advancement through this method is argued and demonstrated in this article. Along with the potential benefits, there are significant challenges such as in image capture, segmentation, measurement of vessel width and tortuosity; these are also addressed. After discussing and explaining the challenges involved, the research articles addressing digital image analysis of ROP are critically reviewed. Benefits and limitations of the currently published techniques for digital ROP assessment are discussed with particular reference to the validity and reliability of outcome measures. Finally, the general limitations of current methods of analysis are discussed and more diverse potential areas of development are discussed. [source] Morphological study of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR) by multiplanar optical coherence tomographyACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 4 2009Yoshiko Takai Abstract. Purpose:, We set out to determine whether morphological retinal changes occur in patients with acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (AZOOR). Methods:, Five patients diagnosed with AZOOR were studied. They included two men and three women, with an age range of 23,51 years. Symptoms and findings were retrospectively and prospectively collected. The three-dimensional multiplanar optical coherence tomography (OCT) Ophthalmoscope® was used to examine the morphology of the retina in patients who were examined between April 2000 to December 2004. Standardized full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) and multifocal ERGs (mfERGs) were recorded. Results:, All the patients reported an acute onset of visual disturbances including a decrease of central vision and photopsia. The a- and b-waves of full-field ERGs were decreased, and the mfERGs in the central area were reduced. Ophthalmoscopic examination showed no obvious fundus abnormalities. OCT Ophthalmoscopic® images of a cross-sectional plane revealed hyporeflection at the level of the photoreceptor layer in the macular region in three of five patients, and presence of one or two layers in which the inner/outer segment junction of the photoreceptor layer was absent in the other two patients. En-face, constant depth C-scans, which present the image parallel to the retina, revealed an abnormal, patchy hyper-reflection in the affected eyes of two patients and in the non-affected eye in one of these two patients. Conclusions:, The changes in OCT Ophthalmoscope® B-scan images indicate morphological damage to the photoreceptors, which probably accounts for the functional alterations. The alterations in the C-scan image in the normal fellow eye of one patient suggest that morphological changes may precede symptomatic changes. [source] Fundus autofluorescence imaging of choroidal tumorsACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2008E PILOTTO Purpose To investigate the different pattern of fundus autofluorescence imaging of choroidal tumors generated with short-wavelength and near-infrared Methods Thirty-one eyes of 31 consecutive patients affected by choroidal tumor performed standard fundus autofluorescence with short-wavelength (SW FAF) and fundus autofluorescence with near-infrared (NIR FAF). Fundus photography, A and B scan ultrasound and OCT were performed. Autofluorescence features of choroidal tumor and overlying retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) were correlated with clinical features. Results Twelve of 31 choroidal tumors were choroidal melanoma, 8 choroidal nevus, 5 circumscribed choroidal hemangioma and one was choroidal granuloma. Different pattern of SW FAF and NIR FAF were detected related to the presence of pigment, drusen, RPE atrophy and hyperplasia, RPE detachment and subretinal fluid over or around the lesion. Conclusion Standard autofluorescence (SW FAF) and NIR FAF provide different information on intrinsic autofluorescence of choroidal tumor and on the related RPE and retinal changes [source] | ||||||||||