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Response Criterion (response + criterion)
Selected AbstractsCommunication and Equilibrium in Discontinuous Games of Incomplete InformationECONOMETRICA, Issue 5 2002Matthew O. Jackson This paper offers a new approach to the study of economic problems usually modeled as games of incomplete information with discontinuous payoffs. Typically, the discontinuities arise from indeterminacies (ties) in the underlying problem. The point of view taken here is that the tie,breaking rules that resolve these indeterminacies should be viewed as part of the solution rather than part of the description of the model. A solution is therefore a tie,breaking rule together with strategies satisfying the usual best,response criterion. When information is incomplete, solutions need not exist; that is, there may be no tie,breaking rule that is compatible with the existence of strategy profiles satisfying the usual best,response criteria. It is shown that the introduction of incentive compatible communication (cheap talk) restores existence. [source] Therapy adapted to molecular response in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia in first chronic phase: results of the Duesseldorf study,HEMATOLOGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Frank Neumann Abstract This study evaluates response-adapted treatment of chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) in chronic phase using molecular response criteria. bcr-abl/G6PDH ratios were assessed by Light-Cycler quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR( in 277 peripheral blood samples from 33 patients, before and every 3 months during therapy. Sixty-six per cent (22/33) of the patients fulfiled our molecular response criterion of ,1 log decrease in bcr-abl transcript after 6 or ,2 log decrease after 9 and every following 3 months. Dose escalation was necessary for 33% (11/33) of the patients. Of these, 54% (6/11) achieved a reduction of bcr-abl mRNA by ,2 log (n,=,3) or ,3 log (n,=,3) with 800,mg Imatinib. Forty-five per cent (5/11) showed insufficient molecular response with 800,mg Imatinib and received Nilotinib. In conclusion, the assessment of molecular response permits an individual patient-tailored treatment of CML in first chronic phase, resulting in the majority of patients achieving a major molecular response after 2 years of therapy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The VA Relationship After Differential Atrial Overdrive Pacing: A Novel Tool for the Diagnosis of Atrial Tachycardia in the Electrophysiologic LaboratoryJOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 11 2007MITSUNORI MARUYAMA M.D. Introduction: Despite recent advances in clinical electrophysiology, diagnosis of atrial tachycardia (AT) originating near Koch's triangle remains challenging. We sought a novel technique for rapid and accurate diagnosis of AT in the electrophysiologic laboratory. Methods: Sixty-two supraventricular tachycardias including 18 ATs (10 ATs arising from near Koch's triangle), 32 atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardias (AVNRTs), and 12 orthodromic reciprocating tachycardias (ORTs) were studied. Overdrive pacing during the tachycardia from different atrial sites was performed, and the maximal difference in the postpacing VA intervals (last captured ventricular electrogram to the earliest atrial electrogram of the initial beat after pacing) among the different pacing sites was calculated (delta-VA interval). Results: The delta-VA intervals were >14 ms in all AT patients and <14 ms in all AVNRT/ORT patients, and thus, the delta-VA interval was diagnostic for AT with the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values all being 100%. When the diagnostic value of the delta-VA interval and conventional maneuvers were compared for differentiating AT from atypical AVNRT, both a delta-VA interval >14 ms and "atrial-atrial-ventricular" response after overdrive ventricular pacing during the tachycardia were diagnostic. However, the "atrial-atrial-ventricular" response criterion was available in only 52% of the patients because of poor ventriculoatrial conduction. Conclusions: The delta-VA interval was useful for diagnosing AT irrespective of patient conditions such as ventriculoatrial conduction. [source] Duloxetine for the Management of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain: Response ProfilePAIN MEDICINE, Issue 5 2007Yili L. Pritchett PhD ABSTRACT Objective., The current analysis examines the response profile in patients receiving duloxetine for the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain (DPNP). Patients/Design., Data were pooled from three double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled 12-week acute therapy trials of patients with DPNP of at least 6 months' duration. Study 1 (N = 457) had treatment groups of duloxetine 20 mg once daily (QD), 60 mg QD, 60 mg twice daily (BID), and placebo; Studies 2 (N = 334) and 3 (N = 348) compared duloxetine 60 mg QD and 60 mg BID with placebo. The primary efficacy measure in each study was the weekly mean score of the 24-hour average pain severity. Treatment response was defined as a 30% reduction in pain severity, although some analyses were repeated using alternative response criteria (50% reduction, or 2-point reduction, in pain severity). Results., Consistently across the three studies, response rates at endpoint were significantly higher among patients receiving duloxetine (60 mg QD or 60 mg BID) than among those receiving placebo, regardless of the chosen response criterion (30% reduction, 50% reduction, or 2-point reduction in weekly mean of 24-hour average pain severity). The proportion of patients achieving pain relief in the duloxetine treatment groups was significantly greater than that in the placebo group at Week 1 and at all subsequent study visits to the end of acute phase therapy. Using diary data (24-hour average pain severity) from the first 7 days of treatment, the first significant separation from placebo in pain severity reduction for duloxetine 60 mg QD occurred at Day 1 (Study 1), Day 2 (Study 2), and Day 4 (Study 3), while significant separation in response rates first occurred at Day 3 when using pooled data. Conclusions., Patients with DPNP receiving duloxetine 60 mg QD or 60 mg BID had significantly higher rates of treatment response, when compared with patients receiving placebo, regardless of the chosen response criterion. Response to duloxetine treatment tended to occur early in therapy. [source] Visual acuity in the cathemeral strepsirrhine Eulemur macaco flavifronsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2009Carrie C. Veilleux Abstract Studies of visual acuity in primates have shown that diurnal haplorhines have higher acuity (30,75 cycles per degree (c/deg)) than most other mammals. However, relatively little is known about visual acuity in non-haplorhine primates, and published estimates are only available for four strepsirrhine genera (Microcebus, Otolemur, Galago, and Lemur). We present here the first measurements of visual acuity in a cathemeral strepsirrhine species, the blue-eyed black lemur (Eulemur macaco flavifrons). Acuity in two subjects, a 3-year-old male and a 16-year-old female, was assessed behaviorally using a two-alternative forced choice discrimination task. Visual stimuli consisted of high contrast square wave gratings of seven spatial frequencies. Acuity threshold was determined using a 70% correct response criterion. Results indicate a maximum visual acuity of 5.1,c/deg for the female (1718 trials) and 3.8,c/deg for the male (846 trials). These values for E. macaco are slightly lower than those reported for diurnal Lemur catta, and are generally comparable to those reported for nocturnal Microcebus murinus and Otolemur crassicaudatus. To examine ecological sources of variation in primate visual acuity, we also calculated maximum theoretical acuity for Cheirogaleus medius (2.8,c/deg) and Tarsius syrichta (8.9,c/deg) using published data on retinal ganglion cell density and eye morphology. These data suggest that visual acuity in primates may be influenced by activity pattern, diet, and phylogenetic history. In particular, the relatively high acuity of T. syrichta and Galago senegalensis suggests that visual predation may be an important selective factor favoring high visual acuity in primates. Am. J. Primatol. 71:343,352, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Presentation procedures in lineups and mug books: a direct comparisonAPPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Hunter A. McAllister The purpose of this research was to replicate and to extend past findings that the best procedure for presenting lineup pictures is not the best procedure for presenting mug book pictures. Participants witnessed a videotape of a simulated crime that was followed by a lineup task for half the participants or a mug book task for the other half. The task factor was crossed with two other factors: (a) a presentation procedure factor,pictures presented one-at-a-time or grouped 12 per page and (b) a presence of the perpetrator factor,perpetrator present or absent in the viewed pictures. For perpetrator-absent conditions, the one-at-a time lineup procedure produced more correct rejections than the grouped lineup procedure replicating past results; however, for the mug book task the two presentation procedures did not differ. For perpetrator-present conditions, the grouped presentation procedure produced more correct identifications than the one-at-a time procedure in both lineups and mug books. The different pattern of results for lineups and mug books was explained in terms of differences in response criterion. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Evaluation of zinc supplementation in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juvenile dietsAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2010Eleni Fountoulaki Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased zinc dietary levels on the growth performance, feed utilization, immune status and induced wound healing in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Fish weighing 10 g were fed five diets containing organic zinc at 30, 70, 110 and 150 mg kg,1 diet and one inorganic zinc source (zinc oxide) at 150 mg kg,1 diet for a period of 12 weeks. No significant (P>0.05) differences were found in the growth performance parameters (final weight, specific growth rate), immunological indices tested (respiratory burst activity in whole blood) and the wound-healing process. Zinc accumulation in the skin, vertebrae and liver increased significantly (P<0.01) with increased dietary zinc levels but not in muscle. The highest zinc concentrations were obtained in skin tissue, followed by vertebrae, liver and muscle tissue. Using the concentration of zinc in skin as a response criterion, broken-line analysis showed that the supplementation of 148 mg organic Zn kg,1 diet seemed to be the optimum dietary zinc supplementation level for sea bass juveniles. [source] Statistical methods for longitudinal research on bipolar disordersBIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 3 2003John Hennen Objectives: Outcomes research in bipolar disorders, because of complex clinical variation over-time, offers demanding research design and statistical challenges. Longitudinal studies involving relatively large samples, with outcome measures obtained repeatedly over-time, are required. In this report, statistical methods appropriate for such research are reviewed. Methods: Analytic methods appropriate for repeated measures data include: (i) endpoint analysis; (ii) endpoint analysis with last observation carried forward; (iii) summary statistic methods yielding one summary measure per subject; (iv) random effects and generalized estimating equation (GEE) regression modeling methods; and (v) time-to-event survival analyses. Results: Use and limitations of these several methods are illustrated within a randomly selected (33%) subset of data obtained in two recently completed randomized, double blind studies on acute mania. Outcome measures obtained repeatedly over 3 or 4 weeks of blinded treatment in active drug and placebo sub-groups included change-from-baseline Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) scores (continuous measure) and achievement of a clinical response criterion (50% YMRS reduction). Four of the methods reviewed are especially suitable for use with these repeated measures data: (i) the summary statistic method; (ii) random/mixed effects modeling; (iii) GEE regression modeling; and (iv) survival analysis. Conclusions: Outcome studies in bipolar illness ideally should be longitudinal in orientation, obtain outcomes data frequently over extended times, and employ large study samples. Missing data problems can be expected, and data analytic methods must accommodate missingness. [source] | ||||||||||