Home  About us  Contact
 

Respiratory Changes (respiratory + change)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Respiratory Changes in Vasovagal Syncope

JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2000
ARVINDER S. KURBAAN M.D.
Respiratory Changes in Vasovagal Syncope. introduction: Respiratory changes accompany the cardiovascular changes during head-up. tilt test-induced vasovagal syncope. Methods and Results: Using the 45-minute 60° head-up Westminster protocol, 29 patients were studied (mean age 53.9 ± 20.0 years; 19 females). Two groups resulted: tilt-induced vasovagal syncope positive and negative. The cardiorespiratory parameters blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), tidal volume, and minute volume were measured. Comparisons of the cardiorespiratory parameters were made within the positive group and negative group, and then between the two groups. There were 14 in the positive group and 15 in the negative group. Baseline measurements were normalized to 1.0. Comparing the late tilt periods between the positive and negative groups, there were differences in BP (P < 0.002), HR (P < 0.002), tidal volume (P < 0.05), and minute volume (P < 0.002). In the positive group comparing early with late intervals: BP l.11 ± 0.09 versus 0.49 ± 0.17, P < 0.0001; HR 1.18 ± 0.12 versus 0.85 ±0.35, P < 0.009; tidal volume 1.39 ± 0.34 versus 2.17 ± 1.00, P < 0.015; and minute volume 1.24 ± 0.26 versus 3.3 ± 2.03, P < 0.0025. There were no comparable cardiorespiratory changes in the negative group. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the respiratory and cardiovascular parameters measured between those who were positive and those who were negative for tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. Within the positive group, in addition to the falls in HR and BP, there were significant increases in minute volume and tidal volume during late tilt. This suggests that there may be a role for respiratory sensors in vasovagal syncope that may permit earlier and hence possibly more effective therapy for selected patients. [source]

Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy Induces Changes in Heart Rate of Children during Sleep

EPILEPSIA, Issue 5 2007
Boubker Zaaimi
Summary:,Purpose: This study analyzed changes in the heart rates of children receiving vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy for pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Methods: Changes in the heart rates of ten children receiving VNS therapy for pharmacoresistant epilepsy were evaluated with polysomnographic recordings, including electrocardiogram (ECG), EEG, thoraco-abdominal distension, nasal airflow, and VNS artifacts. Measurements during stimulation were compared with those at baseline for each patient. Result: While the VNS therapy pulse generator was delivering stimulation, the heart rates of four children increased significantly (p < 0.01), decreased for one child, and increased at the end of the stimulation for one child. The heart rates of four children did not change. Changes in heart rate varied during VNS, within stimulation cycles for individual children and from one child to another. Changes in heart rate differed between rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep states. Respiratory changes (increases in frequency and decreases in amplitude) were concomitant with the changes in heart rate. Conclusion: In this case series of children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy, cardiorespiratory variations occurred while the VNS therapy pulse generator was delivering stimulation. Understanding these variations may allow further optimization of VNS parameters. [source]

Respiratory changes in human red cells

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2001
G. Aliberti
To investigate physiological respiratory changes in human red cells, we measured automated red cell parameters in samples from the pulmonary and radial arteries of 86 patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass and from the pulmonary artery and the aorta in 23 patients. Our results showed higher mean corpuscular volume (88.53 ± 5.06 fl vs. 88.12 ± 4.94 fl, P < 0.000001), haematocrit (0.369 ± 0.039 vs. 0.367 ± 0.038, P < 0.0005), red cell distribution width (43.38 ± 4.16 vs. 43.04 ± 4.05 fl, P < 0.000001) and a lower mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (338.3 ± 15.9 vs. 339.9 ± 16.8 g/l, P < 0.005) in pulmonary arterial as compared to radial arterial blood. There were no differences with respect to haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, or mean corpuscular haemoglobin. Similar differences were observed between pulmonary arterial and aortic blood. Our results suggest cyclic respiratory modifications of red cell parameters attributable to the CO2 Jacobs,Stewart cycle. [source]

Respiratory Changes in Vasovagal Syncope

JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 6 2000
ARVINDER S. KURBAAN M.D.
Respiratory Changes in Vasovagal Syncope. introduction: Respiratory changes accompany the cardiovascular changes during head-up. tilt test-induced vasovagal syncope. Methods and Results: Using the 45-minute 60° head-up Westminster protocol, 29 patients were studied (mean age 53.9 ± 20.0 years; 19 females). Two groups resulted: tilt-induced vasovagal syncope positive and negative. The cardiorespiratory parameters blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), tidal volume, and minute volume were measured. Comparisons of the cardiorespiratory parameters were made within the positive group and negative group, and then between the two groups. There were 14 in the positive group and 15 in the negative group. Baseline measurements were normalized to 1.0. Comparing the late tilt periods between the positive and negative groups, there were differences in BP (P < 0.002), HR (P < 0.002), tidal volume (P < 0.05), and minute volume (P < 0.002). In the positive group comparing early with late intervals: BP l.11 ± 0.09 versus 0.49 ± 0.17, P < 0.0001; HR 1.18 ± 0.12 versus 0.85 ±0.35, P < 0.009; tidal volume 1.39 ± 0.34 versus 2.17 ± 1.00, P < 0.015; and minute volume 1.24 ± 0.26 versus 3.3 ± 2.03, P < 0.0025. There were no comparable cardiorespiratory changes in the negative group. Conclusion: There were significant differences in the respiratory and cardiovascular parameters measured between those who were positive and those who were negative for tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. Within the positive group, in addition to the falls in HR and BP, there were significant increases in minute volume and tidal volume during late tilt. This suggests that there may be a role for respiratory sensors in vasovagal syncope that may permit earlier and hence possibly more effective therapy for selected patients. [source]

Respiratory changes in human red cells

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2001
G. Aliberti
To investigate physiological respiratory changes in human red cells, we measured automated red cell parameters in samples from the pulmonary and radial arteries of 86 patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass and from the pulmonary artery and the aorta in 23 patients. Our results showed higher mean corpuscular volume (88.53 ± 5.06 fl vs. 88.12 ± 4.94 fl, P < 0.000001), haematocrit (0.369 ± 0.039 vs. 0.367 ± 0.038, P < 0.0005), red cell distribution width (43.38 ± 4.16 vs. 43.04 ± 4.05 fl, P < 0.000001) and a lower mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (338.3 ± 15.9 vs. 339.9 ± 16.8 g/l, P < 0.005) in pulmonary arterial as compared to radial arterial blood. There were no differences with respect to haemoglobin concentration, red blood cell count, or mean corpuscular haemoglobin. Similar differences were observed between pulmonary arterial and aortic blood. Our results suggest cyclic respiratory modifications of red cell parameters attributable to the CO2 Jacobs,Stewart cycle. [source]

The use of desflurane or propofol in combination with remifentanil in myasthenic patients undergoing a video-assisted thoracoscopic-extended thymectomy

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2009
P. GRITTI
Background: Although several studies of the use of desflurane in anesthesia have revealed many desirable qualities, there are no data on the use and effects especially on the neuromuscular function of desflurane on myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of either desflurane or propofol, both combined with remifentanil, in patients with MG undergoing a video-assisted thoracoscopic-extended thymectomy (VATET). Methods: Thirty-six MG patients who underwent VATET were enrolled. Nineteen patients were anesthetized with remifentanil and propofol infused with a target-controlled infusion plasma model, and 17 patients with desflurane and remifentanil. No muscle relaxant was used. The intubating conditions, hemodynamic and respiratory changes, neuromuscular transmission and post-operative complications were evaluated. Results: Neuromuscular transmission was significantly decreased in the desflurane group (6.7%, from 3% to 9% during anesthesia P=<0.05). The intubating conditions were good in all 36 patients and 35 patients were successfully extubated in the operating room. The time-to-awakening, post-operatory pH and base excess were significantly different in the two groups, with a decreasing mean arterial pressure in the group administered with desflurane. No patients required reintubation due to myasthenic or cholinergic crisis, or respiratory failure. No other significant differences between the two groups studied were observed. Conclusion: Our experience indicates that anesthesia with desflurane plus remifentanil in patients with MG could determine a reversible muscle relaxation effect, but with no clinical implication, allowing a faster recovery with no difference in extubation time and post-operative complications in the two groups. [source]