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Resource Capacity (resource + capacity)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	33%

Selected Abstracts

Hemispheric asymmetries in children's perception of nonlinguistic human affective sounds

DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2004
Seth D. Pollak
In the present work, we developed a database of nonlinguistic sounds that mirror prosodic characteristics typical of language and thus carry affective information, but do not convey linguistic information. In a dichotic-listening task, we used these novel stimuli as a means of disambiguating the relative contributions of linguistic and affective processing across the hemispheres. This method was applied to both children and adults with the goal of investigating the role of developing cognitive resource capacity on affective processing. Results suggest that children's limited computational resources influence how they process affective information and rule out attentional biases as a factor in children's perceptual asymmetries for nonlinguistic affective sounds. These data further suggest that investigation of perception of nonlinguistic affective sounds is a valuable tool in assessing interhemispheric asymmetries in affective processing, especially in parceling out linguistic contributions to hemispheric differences. [source]

The Role of Research Institutions in Seed,related Disaster Relief: Seeds of Hope Experiences in Rwanda

DISASTERS, Issue 4 2002
Robin A. Buruchara
The article describes the efforts of a coalition of agricultural research centres, Seeds of Hope (SOH) in the rebuilding of Rwanda, after the genocide and war of 1994. Research involvement in emergency relief and rehabilitation was unusual at the time and SOH had to forge its unique complementary role. Focusing on crop and variety development and conservation it: provided technical advice to relief agencies on seed procurement; used its baseline ken to assess the effects of war on seed diversity and seed security; made preparations to restore specific germplasm (which, fortunately, proved unnecessary) and spent substantial effort on rebuilding human resource capacity in research as well as basic scientific facilities. The involvement of SOH highlighted the critical, yet very different, roles for research during emergency versus rehabilitation periods and demonstrated the cost effectiveness of building in a diagnostic component , before massive seed or germplasm distributions are programmed. [source]

The Impact of New Zealand's Public Sector Accounting Reforms on Performance Control in Museums

FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY & MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2001
George D. Thompson
Accounting by most New Zealand museums was subject to public sector reforms requiring private sector -style financial reporting, and service performance reporting. This study into the impact of the reforms on how museum managements pursue successful performance found museums adopting a more accounting-oriented approach to planning and evaluation. Service performance reporting has facilitated the periodic evaluation of non-financial targets by managements, but as currently constituted the reporting model is flawed, particularly in its implications for essential long-term resource capacity of museums. This threatens its effectiveness for promoting good performance. Non-accounting based professional practices also have a role in museum success. [source]

The present knowledge on soil pests and pathogens in Uganda

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 2007
M. B. Sekamatte
Abstract To develop an inventory of the present knowledge about soil-borne pests (insects, fungi, nematodes and bacteria) in Uganda, we review in this paper, aspects of their diversity, abundance, distribution in agro-ecosystems control approaches as well as their role in sustainable land management. Knowledge gaps about the soil pests and short falls in human resource capacity are identified as possible factors affecting the development of appropriate management packages for the soil pests. Priority research areas and capacity building needs are suggested. [source]

On the complexity of resilient network design

NETWORKS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 2 2010
Artur Tomaszewski
Abstract In this article we prove ,,,,-hardness of two well-known optimization problems related to the design of multicommodity flow networks with two different methods for providing network resiliency against failures: path diversity and flow restoration. Path diversity is a static mechanism that consists of using, for each demand, a number of paths and oversizing the flows assigned to these paths so that for any failure the total surviving flow is not less than the volume of the demand. By contrast, flow restoration is a dynamic mechanism that consists of reassigning the failed flows to backup paths when a failure occurs. Both mechanisms are of practical interest because although flow restoration is in general superior to path diversity in terms of the required amount of resource capacity, it might be too complicated to implement. By providing an appropriate reduction from the fractional graph coloring problem, we show that both problems are ,,,,-hard in the general case of failure scenarios that admit simultaneous failures of multiple links. Finally, we discuss how to efficiently solve the two problems using path generation techniques. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2010 [source]

State and Local Governance Fifteen Years Later: Enduring and New Challenges

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 2008
Frank J. Thompson
This article draws on the contributions to this issue and related evidence to assay the extent to which the states and larger local governments have moved in directions endorsed by the Winter Commission in 1993. The commission's recommendations targeted (1) the political context of state and local governance, with a particular focus on executive leadership, campaign finance reform, and citizen engagement; (2) the specifics of public administration, with primary emphasis on empowering managers through internal deregulation and bolstering human resource capacity; and (3) the nature of the relationship between the national government and the states in a key policy arena. Significant changes in the fabric of state and local governance have occurred in each of these three areas over the last 15 years. Many of these modifications are consonant with the thrust of the Winter Commission report, but the evidence also points to the limits of state and local reform. Further reform initiatives should be built on systematic efforts to advance knowledge concerning the origins, nature, and outcomes of the array of institutions and processes present at the state and local levels. [source]