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Residual Fragments (residual + fragment)
Selected AbstractsTissue response to polyglycolide, polydioxanone, polylevolactide, and metallic pins in cancellous bone: An experimental study on rabbitsJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 8 2006Harri Pihlajamäki Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate, qualitatively and histoquantitatively, the tissue response of rabbit femur cancellous bone to polyglycolide (PGA), polydioxanone (PDS), polylevolactide (PLLA), and stainless steel pins under identical conditions. Eighty knees in 50 rabbits were operated on by inserting bioabsorbable pins (PGA, PDS, or PLLA) together with metallic Kirschner wire in 60, and two metallic Kirschner wires alone in 20 knees, while 20 knees served as intact controls. Follow-up times were 3, 6, 12, 24, and 52 weeks. Cancellous bone tissue response to implants was studied using histological, histomorphometrical, microradiographical, and oxytetracycline fluorescence methods. Residual fragments of PGA and PDS were seen at 24 weeks. Complete degradation of these polymers had taken place before 52 weeks. No signs of degradation of the PLLA pins were observed within the entire follow-up period. The osteoid formation surfaces at tissue implant-interface were statistically larger in all test groups as compared to intact controls. The number of macrophages at tissue implant-interfaces increased in all bioabsorbable implant specimens until 6 weeks, and with PGA until 12 weeks. No differences in the osseous response emerged when comparing groups of bioabsorbable implants with each other or with stainless steel group. Bioabsorbable pins and metallic Kirschner wires evoked an osteoconductive response in the cancellous bone surrounding implant, but the response intensity between implants displayed no differences. This suggests a simple, nonspecific walling-off new-bone front type of response. Consequently, the polymers possessed no specific osteostimulatory or osteoinhibitory properties. Within the follow-up, no significant differences in biocompatibility between the implants appeared, and no frank inflammatory foreign-body reactions occurred. The small-volume pins obviously did not exceed the local tissue tolerance and clearing capacity of the bone. © 2006 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 24:1597,1606, 2006 [source] Impact of anatomical pielocaliceal topography in the treatment of renal lower calyces stones with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 6 2005LORENZO RUGGERA Abstract Aim:, There is wide consensus that the lowest success rate of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is in the complete clearance of renal stones located in the lower calyces. We assess the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy monotherapy for lower pole renal calculi to determine the relationship between the spatial anatomy of lower pole and the outcome of ESWL. Methods:, We evaluated 107 patients who were treated for solitary lower pole renal stones less than 20 mm in diameter with ESWL. The spatial anatomy of the lower pole, as defined by the lower infundibulopelvic angle, infundibular length and infundibular width, was measured by preoperative intravenous pyelography, while the stone location and size were determined by using abdominal plain X-ray. All patients were followed up at 1 and 3 months with abdominal plain X-ray and ultrasonography. Results:, Only 62 patients (58%) became stone free, while 45 (42%) retained residual fragments. A small lower infundibulopelvic angle, a long infundibular length and a tight infundibular width are unfavorable for stone clearance after ESWL. Conclusions:, ESWL is the treatment of choice for most renal and ureteral stones. However, stone clearance from the lower pole following ESWL is poor and significantly affected by the inferior pole collecting system anatomy. Therefore, we believe it is important to evaluate these anatomical factors when deciding on the best treatment for lower pole renal calculi. [source] Detection of transgenic DNA in tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT strain) fed genetically modified soybeans (Roundup Ready)AQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 12 2009Tao Ran Abstract We used nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Roundup Ready soybean in aquatic feeds and feeding tilapias. A template concentration of 10,10 g ,L,1 DNA solution could be detected with a dilute degree of 0.01%. Most (90.6%) of the aquatic feeds containing soybean byproduct included exogenous DNA segments. We also compared genetically modified (GM) soybean with non-GM soybean diets in feeding tilapias (Oreochromis niloticus, GIFT strain) and examined the residual fragments (254 bp) of GM soybeans. Tilapias receiving GM soybean diets had DNA fragments in different tissues and organs, indicating that exogenous GM genes were absorbed systemically and not completely degraded by the tilapia's alimentary canal. [source] Ureteric stents compromise stone clearance after shockwave lithotripsy for ureteric stones: results of a matched-pair analysisBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2009Athanasios N. Argyropoulos OBJECTIVE To identify the effect of the presence of a ureteric stent on the outcome of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL), by comparing patients with ureteric stones with matched-pair analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients undergoing ESWL with the Sonolith Vision lithotripter (Technomed Medical Systems, Vaulx-en-Velin, France) were identified from our prospectively maintained database. Only adult patients with a solitary, radio-opaque, previously untreated ureteric stone were considered for further analysis. A follow-up of ,3 months with a plain abdominal film was used to identify residual fragments. Patients were exactly matched for gender, side, location in the ureter and size (in two dimensions, within ±2 mm). If both diameters could not be matched exactly, the size was extended to ±1 mm and then to ±2 mm of both diameters. An effort was finally made to match patients by age. The treatment outcome in terms of stone-free rates was assessed and compared using McNemar's test. RESULTS In all, 45 patients with a ureteric stent in place during ESWL were identified. The only patient who could not be adequately matched was a 40-year-old man with an 8 × 3 mm stone in the upper ureter. The best/closest match for age was selected. Most stones were in the upper ureter (77%); the mean stone size was 8.5 and 8.6 mm, respectively, with no statistical differences between the groups for age and size of stones (P = 0.41 and 0.86, Student's t -test). In 12 pairs, only patients with no stent were stone-free, compared to two pairs where the patient with a stent was stone-free. Using McNemar's test, the odds ratio was 6.0 (95% confidence interval 1.3,55.2) and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION These results show that the presence of a stent is associated with a worse outcome after ESWL for ureteric stones. Ureteric stents should still be used in cases of obstruction, when there is a risk of sepsis, and in patients with intolerable pain or deteriorating renal function. However, their use in patients offered ESWL for ureteric stones should be considered with caution. [source] | ||||||||||