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Renal Vein Thrombosis (renal + vein_thrombosis)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Recurrent lupus nephritis in a rejected renal allograft

NEPHROLOGY, Issue 5 2002
Michael MENGEL
SUMMARY: The case of a 48-year-old female patient who underwent renal transplantation because of an end-stage renal disease after membranous glomerulonephritis (WHO class V) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is presented. the patient lost one cadaveric allograft immediately after transplantation because of renal vein thrombosis, presumably caused by anti-Cardiolipin antibodies. A second cadaveric allograft showed a stable function for several years before slowly deteriorating. an abrupt increase of serum creatinine led to the suspicion of a final episode of acute rejection. A biopsy was performed, which showed an overlap of rejection and recurrent iupus nephritis in an advanced chronically damaged allograft. the lupus nephritis recurred as the same WHO class V as in the native kidney, but without significant predictive clinical or serological signs of SLE activity. the case presented and a review of the literature indicate that the frequency of recurrent lupus nephritis might be underestimated, and earlier surveillance biopsies in transplanted SLE patients should be considered. [source]

Renal autotransplantation for managing a short upper ureter or after ex vivo complex renovascular reconstruction

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2005
J. Christopher Webster
Several topics related to the upper urinary tract are covered this month. Renal autotransplantation for managing a short upper ureter or after ex vivo complex renovascular reconstruction is described by authors from Florida. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy and various technical aspects associated with it are presented by authors from Germany and India. OBJECTIVE To report our contemporary experience with renal autotransplantation (AT), an established treatment for managing patients with a shortened ureter or renovascular disease, as despite its historical importance, AT remains an underused technique by urologists. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients undergoing AT between 1997 and 2002 for a short ureter after ureteric injury and for renovascular disease were assessed by creatinine level and blood pressure before and after surgery, and antihypertensive drug use and complications. RESULTS Eleven patients had AT for renovascular disease and four for ureteric injury. There was no statistical difference in creatinine levels or blood pressure before and after surgery in either group. Eight patients treated with AT for renovascular disease required less antihypertensive medication after surgery. Minor complications occurred in both groups and included a suture abscess, chronic wound pain, and transient acute tubular necrosis. One patient in the ureteric injury group required a transplant nephrectomy after renal vein thrombosis, and one in the renovascular group died from multi-organ system failure. CONCLUSION AT remains a treatment option for patients with a short ureter after ureteric injury and in those with renovascular disease. Patients had stable renal function and blood pressure after surgery. Most patients treated for renovascular disease required less medication after AT. The procedure is associated with both minor and major complications, which must be considered before surgery. [source]

Neonatal renal vein thrombosis and prothrombotic risk

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 7 2010
SL Harris
Abstract A case of extensive deep venous thrombosis in a four a day old infant was presented. Unusually this patient was shown to be heterozygous for three thrombophilia genes; Factor V Leiden, prothrombin and antithrombin gene mutations, the latter being novel. Conclusion: There are no randomized controlled trials to guide management in deep venous thrombosis in the newborn but knowledge of the prothrombotic risk factors may help direct treatment. [source]

Kidney retransplants after initial graft loss to vascular thrombosis

CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2001
Abhinav Humar
Background: Vascular thrombosis early after a kidney transplant is an infrequent but devastating complication. Often, no cause is found. These recipients are generally felt to be good candidates for a retransplant. However, their ideal care at the time of the retransplant and their outcomes have not been well documented. We studied outcomes in 16 retransplant recipients who had lost their first graft early posttransplant (<1 month) to vascular thrombosis. Methods: Of 2 003 kidney transplants between 1 January 1984 and 30 September 1998, we identified 32 recipients who had lost their first graft early posttransplant to vascular thrombosis. Of these 32 recipients, 16 were subsequently retransplanted and detailed chart reviews were done. Results: Of the 16 retransplant recipients, 12 lost their first graft to renal vein thrombosis and 4 to renal artery thrombosis. Thrombosis generally occurred early (mean, 3.6 d). Five recipients underwent a complete hematologic workup to rule out a thrombophilic disorder before their retransplant: 4 had a positive result (presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, n=3; increased homocysteine levels, n=1). These 4 recipients, along with 1 other recipient who had a strong family history of thrombosis, underwent thrombosis prophylaxis at the time of their retransplant. Prophylaxis consisted of low-dose heparin for the first 3,5 d posttransplant, followed by acetylsalicylic acid or Coumadin. Of the 16 retransplant recipients, none developed thrombosis. Of the 5 who underwent thrombosis prophylaxis, none had significant bleeding complications. At a mean follow-up of 5.4 yr, 10 (63%) recipients have functioning grafts. Causes of graft loss in the remaining 6 recipients were death with function (n=5, 31%) and acute rejection (n=1, 6%). Graft and patient survival rates after these 16 retransplants were equivalent to results after primary transplants. The incidence of acute and chronic rejection was also no different (p=ns). Conclusion: Vascular thrombosis in the absence of obvious technical factors should prompt a workup for a thrombophilic disorder before a retransplant. Recipients with an identified disorder should undergo prophylaxis at the time of the retransplant. Results in these retransplant recipients are equivalent to those seen in primary transplant recipients. [source]