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Renal Cysts (renal + cyst)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Distribution within Medical Sciences

Urology	63%
Neurology	10%

Selected Abstracts

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy produces a lower stone-free rate in patients with stones and renal cysts

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 1 2002
CHARALAMBOS DELIVELIOTIS
Abstract Background: Renal cysts have a space-occupying effect and therefore can distort the pelvicalyceal anatomy. This distortion often produces abnormalities in normal urinary drainage. In the same way, it may effect the ability of the kidneys to become stone free after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The purpose of the current study is to evaluate the effect of renal cysts on the outcome of ESWL. Methods: We studied 15 patients who had renal stones and coexistent renal cysts. Four patients had polycystic disease, five patients had multiple cysts and six patients has solitary ones. All cysts produced a distortion to the calyceal system of the kidneys, a fact confirmed by intravenous urography (IVU) and computed tomography (CT). All patients underwent ESWL and their stone-free status was evaluated 1 month later by ultrasound and plain kidney ureter bladder (KUB) X-ray. Results: We had a total 60% (9/15) stone-free patients in our study group and a stone fragmentation rate of 100%. Patients with more cysts had lower stone-free rates. Patients with polycystic kidneys had a 25% (1/4) stone-free rate, while patients with multiple cysts and solitary cysts had, 60% (3/5) and 83.3% (5/6), respectively. These results are lower than the rates reported in patients without renal cysts. Conclusions: We believe that renal cysts may interfere with the passage of stone fragments, due to the impediment of drainage and urinary stasis from the stretching and distortion of the calyceal system by the renal cysts. [source]

Mucinous cystadenoma mimicking simple renal parenchymal cyst in a horseshoe kidney

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 5 2005
HAKAN AKAN
Abstract We report a case of mucinous cystadenoma in a horseshoe kidney which radiologically resembled a simple renal cyst. In the published literature, three cases of mucinous cystadenoma of renal origin have been reported. Although these tumors are believed to originate from the renal pelvis, the cyst in the present case originated from renal parenchyma. The significance of this particular case is the radiological features, which mimick a simple renal parenchymal cyst and contribute to the histopathological definition of an extremely rare disease. [source]

Incidence and growth pattern of simple cysts of the kidney in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 2 2003
KEN MARUMO
AbstractBackground: We examined the incidence and natural history of simple renal cysts found by ultrasonography (US) in patients referred for asymptomatic microscopic hematuria. Methods: Among the 906 patients aged 18,78 years, 743 patients who had undergone US were included in the present study. The natural history of simple renal cysts was investigated in 55 patients who underwent periodical US examinations for more than 3 years. Results: The incidence of simple renal cysts was 4.3% for ages 29 years or younger, 15.3% for ages 30,39, 21.8% for ages 40,49, 23.3% for ages 50,59 and 32.6% for ages 60 years or older; thus the incidence increased in older age groups (P = 0.0005 for men, P = 0.0020 for women). Men tended to have a higher incidence than women. The degree of hematuria did not influence the incidence of renal cysts (P = 0.9044). The annual growth rate of the mean maximum diameter was 4.2% during a 3-year follow-up period in 55 patients and 5.1% during a 6-year follow-up in 31 patients. Conclusion: Since the diameter of a renal cyst may increase by 5% annually, the diameter of the cyst may increase by 1.6 times in 10 years. The scheduling of follow-up examinations depends on the size at the time of disclosure, the effects on calyceal systems, or the suspicion of a concurrent malignant disease. However, the most simple renal cysts may be followed-up at an interval of more than 10 years, once a diagnosis has been established. [source]

Acquired renal cysts after pediatric liver transplantation: Association with cyclosporine and renal dysfunction

PEDIATRIC TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2008
M. A. Calvo-Garcia
Abstract:, ACKD has been observed in children on dialysis and with chronic renal insufficiency. In one report, ACKD was observed in 30% of pediatric liver transplant recipients after 10 yr. We retrospectively reviewed all renal imaging and measurements of GFR of 235 childhood liver transplant recipients with no known risk for renal cyst formation, no evidence of renal cyst(s) at the time of transplantation and renal imaging at least one yr post-transplant. Twenty-six patients (11%) developed one or more cyst(s). Mean GFR was significantly lower in patients with renal cyst(s). Two (1.4%) of the 146 patients treated with tacrolimus and 24 (27%) of the 89 patients treated with CsA acquired renal cyst(s) (p < 0.001). CsA-treated patients had significantly lower GFR. Multivariate analysis identified CsA as the only independent variable associated with ACKD. These results confirm that ACKD can be a late complication of pediatric liver transplantation. Those at most risk are at least 10-yr post-liver transplantation, have been treated with CsA and have impaired renal function. We speculate that ACKD in these patients is the result of calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity. Whether patients with ACKD will be prone to develop solid renal tumors is unknown. [source]

An evaluation of Bosniak's radiological classification of cystic renal masses

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2000
S. Koga
Objective To determine the clinical usefulness of Bosniak's classification of cystic renal masses, the differentiation of which remains difficult despite significant advances in diagnostic imaging. Patients and methods The computed tomography (CT) findings of all histopathologically examined cystic renal masses diagnosed at our institution were analysed retrospectively; 35 patients with cystic renal masses were treated between 1986 and 1998. Tissues surgically removed were examined pathologically and the final diagnosis compared with the preoperative CT category of Bosniak's classification. Results The histopathological examined showed cystic renal cell carcinoma in 21 patients, a benign renal cyst in 12, haemangiosarcoma in one and transitional cell carcinoma in one. Most of the 35 masses (26, 74%) were found incidentally during evaluation for an unrelated disease or a routine health check. All 11 masses of Bosniak category I were benign and one category II mass was malignant. All 10 masses of category III and 12 of category IV were malignant. Conclusions Bosniak's classification is useful for differentiating category I, III and IV cystic renal masses. There were too few samples to allow meaningful conclusions to be drawn for category II renal masses. It is critical to differentiate between complicated cysts of category II and III because of the major implications for prognosis and clinical management. [source]

Joubert syndrome: review and report of seven new cases

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 8 2004
S. Kumandas
Joubert syndrome (JS) is an autosomal-recessive disorder, characterized by hypotonia, ataxia, global developmental delay and molar tooth sign on magnetic resonance imaging. A variety of other abnormalities have been described in children with JS, including abnormal breathing, abnormal eye movements, a characteristic facial appearance, delayed language, hypersensitivity to noise, autism, ocular and oculomotor abnormalities, meningoencephaloceles, microcephaly, low-set ears, polydactyly, retinal dysplasia, kidney abnormalities (renal cysts), soft tissue tumor of the tongue, liver disease and duodenal atresia. Even within siblings the phenotype may vary, making it difficult to establish the exact clinical diagnostic boundaries of JS. We review the clinical characteristics of seven cases that fulfill the criteria of JS. [source]

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts using the bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 4 2006
AHMET TEFEKLI
Objectives:, To analyse the efficacy, safety and feasibility of retroperitoneal laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts using bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors. Methods:, Records of 19 patients who underwent laparoscopic decortication of simple renal cysts, performed with bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors without additional fulguration of the base or the margin of resection, were retrospectively reviewed. Long-term symptomatic and radiological outcomes were assessed. Results:, One single cyst was treated in fourteen (73.7%) cases, two cysts in three (15.8%) cases, three cysts in one (5.2%) case and multiple cysts in one case with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. They were peripherally located in thirteen, peripelvic in three, and parenchymal in two cases. An average of 3.1 trochars were used for each procedure. The mean operating time was 82.5 ± 16.7 min (range, 50,135). Neither open conversion nor blood transfusion was necessary. A total of six minor complications were encountered. Mean hospital stay 2.3 ± 0.9 days (range, 1,4). After a mean follow up of 14.3 ± 5.9 months (range, 3,24), symptomatic success was achieved in 89.5%, and radiological success was accomplished in 88.2%. An asymptomatic cyst recurrence was observed in one (5.9%) case, and one (5.9%) case with residual pain had new cyst formation at another site of the kidney. Conclusions:, Retroperitoneal laparoscopic cyst decortication using bipolar PlasmaKinetic scissors is a feasible and efficient method, eliminating further fulguration of the base and the margins of the cysts. Operating times are shorter than previously published series and highly satisfactory long-term success rates are achieved. [source]

Incidence and growth pattern of simple cysts of the kidney in patients with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy produces a lower stone-free rate in patients with stones and renal cysts

A patient with TSC1 germline mutation whose clinical phenotype was limited to lymphangioleiomyomatosis

JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 2 2004
T. Sato
Abstract. Background:, Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) can occur as in isolated form (sporadic LAM) or as a pulmonary manifestation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) (TSC-associated LAM). Recent studies, however, revealed that both forms of LAM are genetically related but that sporadic LAM is a distinct clinical entity caused by somatic mutations of TSC2 (not TSC1) rather than a forme fruste of TSC carrying either of the TSC1 or TSC2 germline mutations. Method:, Case presentation and in-depth molecular and histopathological examinations. A 34-year-old Japanese woman was diagnosed as having pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) when bilateral pneumothoraces were surgically treated in 1992. Although slowly progressive renal disfunction was observed due to bilateral multiple renal cysts during the past 4 years, she had no other clinical features of TSC and was diagnosed as having sporadic LAM with multiple renal cysts of undetermined aetiology. Her subsequent clinical course was complicated by an endobrochial carcinoid tumour, which eventually resulted in her death in June 1999 due to massive haemoptysis. Results:, Postmortem examination revealed the presence of LAM lesions in the lungs, mediastinal lymph nodes, kidneys and uterus. Diffuse renal LAM lesions are presumed to generate multiple renal cysts by constricting the nephron rather than epithelial hyperplasia obstructing lumina, which is analysis of the TSC genes demonstrated that she did not have TSC2/PKD1 contiguous gene syndrome but had a TSC1 germline mutation (Sato T et al. J Hum Genet 2002; 47: 20,8) that had occured de novo. Conclusion:, This patient therefore illustrates that clinical manifestations of TSC are sufficiently diverse as to allow a forme fruste of TSC that mimics sporadic LAM and that TSC1 mutation can cause multiple renal cysts resulting in renal failure. [source]

Acquired renal cysts after pediatric liver transplantation: Association with cyclosporine and renal dysfunction

Complementary roles of prenatal sonography and magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of fetal renal anomalies

AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 3 2010
Ibrahim A. ABDELAZIM
Objectives:, This study was designed to assess the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in refining the diagnosis of prenatally suspected fetal renal abnormalities following screening ultrasound. Patients and methods:, Twenty pregnant women, with suspected fetal renal abnormality detected during screening ultrasound and more than 14 weeks' gestation, were included in this observational prospective study at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital from March 2004 to March 2005 after informed consent and after approval of the study protocol by the institute ethics committee. Results:, The MRI could diagnose correctly 10 cases of hydronephrosis, one case of polycystic kidney disease (PCKD), one case of RA, two normal case and two cases of intra-abdominal masses (IA Mass) (16 of 18 cases). The prenatal ultrasound could diagnose correctly eight cases of hydronephrosis, one case of PCKD, one case of renal agenesis, one case of multicystic kidney disease and one case of IA Mass (12 of 18 cases). The prenatal ultrasound and MRI gave different diagnoses in eight cases and gave the same diagnosis in 12 cases. The MRI could diagnose the aetiology of congenital renal cysts in 10 of the 20 studied cases (50%). Conclusion:, Magnetic resonance imaging can be used as a complementary tool in the assessment of sonographically suspected fetal renal anomalies. [source]

Renal pathology of polycystic kidney disease and concurrent hereditary nephritis in Bull Terriers

AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 6 2002
CA O'LEARY
Objective To describe the renal lesions in Bull Terrier poly-cystic kidney disease (BTPKD), to confirm that the renal cysts in BTPKD arise from the nephron or collecting tubule, and to identify lesions consistent with concurrent BTPKD and Bull Terrier hereditary nephritis (BTHN). Design Renal tissue from five Bull Terriers with BTPKD and eight control dogs was examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. Clinical data were collected from all dogs, and family history of BTPKD and BTHN for all Bull Terriers. Results In BTPKD the renal cysts were lined by epithelial cells of nephron or collecting duct origin that were usually squamous or cuboidal, with few organelles. They had normal junctional complexes, and basal laminae of varying thicknesses. Glomeruli with small, atrophic tufts and dilated Bowman's capsules, tubular loss and dilation, and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis were common. Whereas the lesions seen in BTHN by light microscope were nonspecific, the presence of characteristic ultrastructural glomerular basement membrane (GMB) lesions and a family history of this disease indicated concurrent BTHN was likely in three of five cases of BTPKD. Conclusion This paper provides evidence that renal cysts in BTPKD are of nephron or collecting duct origin. In addition, GBM lesions are described that strongly suggest that BTPKD and BTHN may occur simultaneously. [source]

An epidemiological study of renal pathology in tuberous sclerosis complex

BJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2004
Finbar J. O'Callaghan
OBJECTIVES To report the frequency of renal symptoms and complications of patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), to describe the ultrasonographic appearance of the kidneys in a population-based sample, and to investigate the relationship between a history of renal haemorrhage and renal lesions identified by ultrasonography. PATIENTS AND METHODS As part of an epidemiological study, 179 patients with TSC were identified as living in the Wessex Region in the South of England. Patients were interviewed and examined in their homes, to elicit the presence of renal symptoms or a history of renal complications. Renal ultrasonography was used in consenting patients in their homes. RESULTS There was a history of renal complications in 16 (9%) patients; 149 consented to interview and examination, and 19 gave a history of renal symptoms in the previous year; 124 had renal ultrasonography; 86 (69%) had renal angiomyolipomas and 37 (30%) had renal cysts. Large lesions (>3 cm in diameter) were strongly associated with a history of symptomatic bleeding, although significant haemorrhage occurred in a 6-year-old child with small angiomyolipomas. CONCLUSIONS The formation of angiomyolipoma in TSC is common. Polycystic kidney disease, renal carcinoma and renal failure, although rare, occur in TSC. Most patients with angiomyolipomas have neither complications nor symptoms. There was no appreciable difference between the sexes in the risk of developing these lesions. Although less commonly seen in the very young, there is no identifiable relationship after adolescence between age and the risk of having a renal angiomyolipoma. Bleeding tends to occur from large lesions (>3 cm) but most such patients have remained asymptomatic to date. [source]

Low frequency of VHL germline mutations in Norwegian patients presenting with isolated central nervous system hemangioblastomas , a population-based study

ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 2 2010
P. Rønning
Rønning P, Andresen PA, Hald JK, Heimdal K, Scheie D, Schreiner T, Helseth E. Low frequency of VHL germline mutations in Norwegian patients presenting with isolated central nervous system hemangioblastomas , a population-based study. Acta Neurol Scand: 2010: 122: 124,131. © 2009 The Authors Journal compilation © 2009 Blackwell Munksgaard. Objectives,,, Explore the genetic and clinical incidence of von Hippel,Lindau disease in patients presenting with isolated central nervous system hemangioblastomas. Results,,, We report a 3.2% (1/31) and 25% (8/32) incidence of genetic and clinical VHL, respectively. One patient tested positive for a VHL mutation that has not previously been reported. This genotype phenotypically predicts VHL type 2B. We had seven patients with renal cysts. In a total follow-up of 33 person years, none of these cysts progressed to renal cell carcinoma. Conclusion,,, von Hippel-Lindau disease anchored in germline mutations of the VHL gene is rare in the Norwegian population as opposed to clinical VHL disease, which appears to be relatively common in patients with apparently sporadic hemangioblastomas. There exists insufficient data regarding the natural history of patients with renal cysts, which makes it difficult to include or disregard these lesions as an entity of VHL disease. [source]