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Relations Used (relation + used)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Information Science and Computing	50%

Selected Abstracts

Community in Public Policy: Fad or Foundation?

AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION, Issue 2 2001
David Adams
Both internationally and within Australia public policy is experiencing a rush back to the idea of community. After 15 years of discourse about the new public management and economic rationalism a much older discourse is slipping back into public policy. It is a normative discourse about changing relations between state democracy, market capitalism and civil society in which the idea of community is a central ,new' relation used to manage both state and market failures. Already new policy tools emerging from this discourse can be seen with innovations based on concepts such as partnerships, place management, and a raft of community consultation mechanisms. Much of the rhetoric about community as a new foundation for public policy, however, remains confused. The result is a muddle of ideas in which this potentially useful concept is in danger of becoming just another public policy reform fad. This article looks at what policy makers are saying about community, identifies problems in this current usage and offers ways of thinking about community with a view to establishing its policy utility. [source]

Choosing Rhetorical Structures To Plan Instructional Texts

COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE, Issue 3 2000
Leila Kosseim
This paper discusses a fundamental problem in natural language generation: how to organize the content of a text in a coherent and natural way. In this research, we set out to determine the semantic content and the rhetorical structure of texts and to develop heuristics to perform this process automatically within a text generation framework. The study was performed on a specific language and textual genre: French instructional texts. From a corpus analysis of these texts, we determined nine senses typically communicated in instructional texts and seven rhetorical relations used to present these senses. From this analysis, we then developed a set of presentation heuristics that determine how the senses to be communicated should be organized rhetorically in order to create a coherent and natural text. The heuristics are based on five types of constraints: conceptual, semantic, rhetorical, pragmatic, and intentional constraints. To verify the heuristics, we developed the spin natural language generation system, which performs all steps of text generation but focuses on the determination of the content and the rhetorical structure of the text. [source]

Rough approximation by dominance relations

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 2 2002
Salvatore Greco
In this article we are considering a multicriteria classification that differs from usual classification problems since it takes into account preference orders in the description of objects by condition and decision attributes. To deal with multicriteria classification we propose to use a dominance-based rough set approach (DRSA). This approach is different from the classic rough set approach (CRSA) because it takes into account preference orders in the domains of attributes and in the set of decision classes. Given a set of objects partitioned into pre-defined and preference-ordered classes, the new rough set approach is able to approximate this partition by means of dominance relations (instead of indiscernibility relations used in the CRSA). The rough approximation of this partition is a starting point for induction of if-then decision rules. The syntax of these rules is adapted to represent preference orders. The DRSA keeps the best properties of the CRSA: it analyses only facts present in data, and possible inconsistencies are not corrected. Moreover, the new approach does not need any prior discretization of continuous-valued attributes. In this article we characterize the DRSA as well as decision rules induced from these approximations. The usefulness of the DRSA and its advantages over the CRSA are presented in a real study of evaluation of the risk of business failure. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. [source]

Overview of Multiphase Flow Phenomena in Moving Time-Averaged Space

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 9 2006
K. Ueyama
Abstract An overview of multiphase flow phenomena is described on the basis of three relations; a relation between an interaction force and time-averaged physical quantities, a relation between an interaction force and the surrounding flow field, and a relation between time-averaged physical quantities and multiphase flow. The three relations used to theoretically derive the parabolic radial distribution of gas holdup for recirculating turbulent flow in a bubble column are in good agreement with experimental data. General applicability of the three relations for a variety of multiphase flows is also discussed. [source]