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Relation
Kinds of Relation Terms modified by Relation Selected AbstractsARREST TRAJECTORIES ACROSS A 17-YEAR SPAN FOR YOUNG MEN: RELATION TO DUAL TAXONOMIES AND SELF-REPORTED OFFENSE TRAJECTORIES,CRIMINOLOGY, Issue 4 2007MARGIT WIESNER The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of different operationalizations of offending behavior on the identified trajectories of offending and to relate findings to hypothesized dual taxonomy models. Prior research with 203 young men from the Oregon Youth Study identified six offender pathways, based on self-report data (Wiesner and Capaldi, 2003). The current study used official records data (number of arrests) for the same sample. Semiparametric groupbased modeling indicated three distinctive arrest trajectories: high-level chronics, low-level chronics, and rare offenders. Both chronic arrest trajectory groups were characterized by relatively equal rates of early onset offenders, which indicates, therefore, some divergence from hypothesized dual taxonomies. Overall, this study demonstrated limited convergence of trajectory findings across official records versus selfreport measures of offending behavior. [source] DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVES AS ASSESSED BY TISSUE DOPPLER; RELATION TO MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASESECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 5 2004S. Nadar Objectives: To assess the severity of diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients as compared to normal controls and correlate it with plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Methods: 52 patients with controlled hypertension (HT) (38 male, age 57+ 11 yrs) and 24 normotensive controls 15 male, mean age 53+ 12 years) had tissue doppler echocardiography to assess diastolic dysfunction (e, and e,/e ratios). They also had plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 measured. Results: The HT patients had significantly lower e, and higher e,/e ratios as compared to normotensive controls. They also had higher MMP-9 and TIMP-1 values. There was a significant inverese correlation between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 with e, and a significant positive correlation between the MMPs and e,/e ratio. THe e/a ratios as assessed by pulse wave doppler were also higher in the controls than the hypertensive patients suggesting abnormal diastolic function. Conclusions: There is significant diastolic dysfunction even in controlled hypertensives which can be assessed by tissue doppler. This newer technique compares favourably with established methods such as e/a ratio. The tissue doppler indices also correlate well with abnormalities in the matrix metalloproteinases suggesting that abnormal matrix turnover is responsible for the diastolic dysfunction. [source] GOVERNMENT'S CONSTRUCTION OF THE RELATION BETWEEN PARENTS AND SCHOOLS IN THE UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN IN ENGLAND: 1963,2009EDUCATIONAL THEORY, Issue 3 2010David Bridges In this essay David Bridges argues that since most families choose to realize their responsibility for the major part of their children's education through state schools, then the way in which the state constructs parents' relation with these schools is one of its primary levers on parenting itself. Bridges then examines the way in which parent-school relations have been defined in England through government and quasi-government interventions over the last forty-five years, tracing these through an awakening interest in the relation between social class and unequal school success in the 1960s, passing through the discourse of accountability in the 1970s, marketization in the 1980s and 1990s, performativity extending from this period into the first decade of the twenty-first century, and, most recently, more direct interventions into parenting itself and the regulation of school relations with parents in the interests of safeguarding children. These have not, however, been entirely discrete policy themes, and the positive and pragmatic employment of the discourse of partnership has run throughout this period, albeit with different points of emphasis on the precise terms of such partnership. [source] EXPANDING RATIONALITY: THE RELATION BETWEEN EPISTEMIC VIRTUE AND CRITICAL THINKINGEDUCATIONAL THEORY, Issue 2 2009Ryan Bevan According to Bevan, the critical thinking strategies characteristic of instrumentalism generally work to further the vocationalization of educational discourse as well as the cultivation of unreflective moral agents. He contends that critical thinking should be expanded beyond its rationalist criteria to focus on the process of inquiry. Such a virtue epistemology approach, according to Bevan, has the potential to uncover and change fundamental misconceptions that pervade current theoretical assumptions by encouraging learners to engage in a more inclusive inquiry that draws out alternative perspectives. Bevan concludes that citizenship education in particular can benefit greatly from this more expansive theory with concrete pedagogical implications. [source] SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN RELATION TO CURRENT SELECTION IN THE HOUSE FINCHEVOLUTION, Issue 3 2000Alexander V. Badyaev Abstract., Sexual dimorphism is thought to have evolved in response to selection pressures that differ between males and females. Our aim in this study was to determine the role of current net selection in shaping and maintaining contemporary sexual dimorphism in a recently established population of the house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus) in Montana. We found strong differences between sexes in direction of selection on sexually dimorphic traits, significant heritabilities of these traits, and a close congruence between current selection and observed sexual dimorphism in Montana house finches. Strong directional selection on sexually dimorphic traits and similar intensities of selection in each sex suggested that sexual dimorphism arises from adaptive responses in males and females, with both sexes being far from their local fitness optimum. This pattern is expected when a recently established population experiences continuous immigration from ecologically distinct areas of a species range or as a result of widely fluctuating selection pressures, as found in our study. Strong and sexually dimorphic selection pressures on heritable morphological traits, in combination with low phenotypic and genetic covariation among these traits during growth, may have accounted for close congruence between current selection and observed sexual dimorphism in the house finch. This conclusion is consistent with the profound adaptive population divergence in sexual dimorphism that accompanied very successful colonization of most of the North America by the house finch over the last 50 years. [source] RELATION BETWEEN VEGETATION CHANGES, CLIMATE VARIABLES AND LAND-USE POLICY IN SHAANXI PROVINCE, CHINAGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES A: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2007MADELENE OSTWALD ABSTRACT Shaanxi Province in China has been exposed to climate variability and dramatic land-use policies. The aim here is to examine vegetation changes in this area on a regional scale from 2000 to 2004 in relation to land-use changes and climate traits. The data in this assessment include remote sensing information from moderate-resolution imaging spectro-radiometer normalized difference vegetation index from 2000 to 2004, and climate data (precipitation and temperature) from 1956 to 2000. The results show an increase in vegetation production from 2000 to 2004, particularly in the north, which cannot be explained solely by climate impacts. Since the vegetation in the north is more dependent on climate variation than the other parts of Shaanxi due to more serious water limitation, the results suggest that the large-scale land-use policy implemented over the last decade, with a focus on northern Shaanxi, is possibly having an impact on the overall vegetation. [source] THE RELATION BETWEEN TRINITY AND ECCLESIOLOGY AS AN ECUMENICAL CHALLENGE AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF MISSIONINTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MISSION, Issue 359 2001Matthias Haudel [source] HEALTH-RELATED FUNCTIONALITY OF PHENOLIC-ENRICHED PEA SPROUTS IN RELATION TO DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENTJOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2008ELIZABETH BURGUIERES ABSTRACT The rationale for this investigation is that phenolic content in light-modulated pea seedlings could be enhanced by exogenous elicitors with antioxidant potential such as folic acid and vitamin C. Such phenolic-enriched extracts may have health benefits to consumers. The antioxidant-linked functional attributes of the phenolic-enriched extracts were evaluated for potential health-related benefits. Specifically, effectiveness in inhibiting ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase in relation to hyperglycemia (linked to diabetes management), as well as inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE I), in relation to hypertension, was evaluated. The results show that phenolic-enriched extracts had the ability to inhibit ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase activity. On the day with the highest total phenolic content, day 8, inhibition of ,-amylase and ,-glucosidase was most prominent. Further, the same extracts showed positive benefits for potential hypertension management reflected in the inhibition of ACE I. These results taken together indicated that light-sprouted pea seedling extracts when incorporated into the diet could contribute to potential management of hyperglycemia linked to diabetes and hypertension related to cardiovascular risk. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS In this in vitro study results show the positive effect of the different phenolic-enriched pea sprouts on hyperglycemia risk factors. It is clear that phenolic-enriched pea sprouts have high antioxidant activity, ACE 1 inhibitory activity and also good inhibitory activity on carbohydrate-modulating enzyme such as alpha-glucosidase related to glucose absorption in the intestine. The potential for managing both glucose absorption and cellular redox dysfunction for preventing postprandial hyperglycemia linked to type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia-induced vascular complications leading to hypertension can be designed in part through food systems and therefore provides the rationale basis for further clinical studies. This strategy can be further extended to enhance phenolic-linked health benefits of a wide variety of legumes, fruits and vegetables and therefore can be the basis for food ingredient design for functional food applications. [source] RELATION BETWEEN THE FREE AMINO ACIDS, ANSERINE AND THE TOTAL VOLATILE BASIC NITROGEN PRODUCED IN MUSCLE OF HAKE (MERLUCCIUS MERLUCCIUS, L.) DURING ICED STORAGEJOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2002CLAUDIA RUIZ-CAPILLAS This work studied the development of free amino acids (FAAs) and dipeptide anserine as quality indices for gutted hake stored in ice for 25 days. The correlation of these compounds was determined with total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) which has been used as a quality index, for fish stored in ice. The most abundant free amino acids in hake muscle were found to be threonine, glycine, alanine, glutamic acid, ,-alanine methylhistidine. lysine and the dipeptide, anserine. The only hydrophobic free ammo adds which exhibit significant differences (P<0.05) throughout storage was tryptophan. moreover, this amino acid exhibited a very high correlation (r=0.951) with TVBN. A significant decrease in anserine (P<0.05) correlated with the increases in 1-methylhistidine and ,-alanine throughout storage. These changes also exhibited a very high correlation with TVBN. Therefore, 1-methylhistidine, ,-alanine anserine and tryptophan could be used as quality parameters for hake stored in ice. [source] KINETICS OF HYDROXYMETHYLFURFURAL ACCUMULATION AND COLOR CHANGE IN HONEY DURING STORAGE IN RELATION TO MOISTURE CONTENTJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 1 2009L. BULUT ABSTRACT Quality reduction in honey during storage is indicated by hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) accumulation and darkening of color. The effects of moisture content and temperature on HMF accumulation and color change in honey during storage were investigated. HMF accumulation and color change followed first- and zero-order reaction kinetics, respectively. The moisture content affected the rate of the two degradation reactions depending on the storage temperature. Reduction in moisture content caused an increase in rate constant for HMF accumulation at 20 and 30C, but there was no significant effect of moisture content at 40C. Rate constants for change in lightness and total color change values increased with increasing moisture content at 20 and 30C. The highest rate constant for change in color values was obtained at a moisture content of 18% at 40C. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Hydroxymethylfurfural accumulation and color change are two major quality degradations in honey during storage. This study shows that the rates of these two degradations are dependent on moisture content of honey. In addition, effect of moisture content on the rates of reactions was dependent on temperature of storage. Therefore, producers need to consider the effects of both moisture content and storage temperature in reducing quality loss in honey during storage. [source] EVIDENCE OF A LATENT OXIDATIVE BURST IN RELATION TO WOUND REPAIR IN THE GIANT UNICELLULAR CHLOROPHYTE DASYCLADUS VERMICULARIS,JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 3 2005Cliff Ross We investigated the kinetics and composition of the second phase of the wound repair process of Dasycladus vermicularis ([Scropoli] Krasser) using fluorescent probes, chromatography, UV spectroscopy, and histochemistry. Our new evidence supports the hypothesis that the second phase of wound repair (initiated at approximately 35,45 min postinjury) is based on the activation of an oxidative burst that produces micromolar H2O2 levels. These results provide evidence of peroxidase activity at the wound site, real-time measurements of an oxidative burst, and catechol localization in wound plugs. Strong evidence is presented indicating that the biochemical machinery exists for oxidative cross-linking to ensue in the wound-healing process of D. vermicularis. [source] RELATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC, CLINIC AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS TO PERITONITIS IN PERITONEAL DIALYSISJOURNAL OF RENAL CARE, Issue 1 2008Sevel Dogan RN SUMMARY The relation of various demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters of peritoneal dialysis patients with peritonitis and other infections was evaluated. The age, gender, peritoneal dialysis (PD) period, educational status, peritonitis, exit site score, serum albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and triglyceride levels at the beginning and the last visit were recorded. Mean age of 32 patients was 45.1 years; PD period was 13.1 months. Albumin level was inversely proportional to the frequency of peritonitis. Patients with peritonitis had albumin levels that were lower at the last visit, and were independent of the CRP values at the start of PD and during follow-up. Significant correlation was detected between females and exit site scores. There was significant correlation between educational status and peritonitis. Albumin level at first visit was a factor that reduced the likelihood of peritonitis, and low levels obtained during follow-up constituted a risk for peritonitis. It was also shown that peritonitis risk tended to decrease inversely with education level. [source] SENSORY EVALUATION OF COOKED RICE IN RELATION TO WATER-TO-RICE RATIO AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIESJOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 1 2007WEENA SRISAWAS ABSTRACT The effects of cooking water-to-rice (W/R) ratio on the sensory characteristics of cooked rice eating quality of 14 varieties of Thai rice were investigated in relation to their physicochemical properties. Milled rice samples were cooked with five W/R ratios ranging from 1.3 to 2.5 on a weight basis and presented to 12 trained panelists for sensory evaluation. A three-way analysis of variance and a principal component analysis identified the intensity of sensory hardness as the main characteristic of cooked rice. It decreased with increasing W/R ratio whereas sensory stickiness decreased. The overall acceptability based on appearance, texture and flavor attributes reached peak levels corresponding to optimum W/R ratios for different rice varieties, and was highly correlated with sensory hardness and stickiness. Partial least squares regression models of optimum W/R ratio and peak overall acceptability gave coefficients of determination of 0.991 and 0.980, respectively, thus indicating that the optimum W/R ratio and the acceptability ratings of cooked rice could be reliably predicted from the physicochemical properties such as the apparent amylose content, protein content, gel consistency, alkali-spreading value and grain elongation ratio of milled rice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Sensory evaluation of cooked rice eating qualities is a difficult task to carry out routinely on a day-to-day basis. Presently, rice varieties are categorized according to grain dimensions and selective physicochemical traits that reflect on the eating quality of cooked rice. Though it has been long realized that the amount of water used for cooking and rice physicochemical properties highly influence the eating quality of cooked rice, no information is currently available on the quantitative evaluation of these factors. Results of this study showed that models could be developed to quantify the optimum amount of water for cooking rice of different varieties with the most desirable sensory eating qualities. The prediction of peak overall sensory acceptability scores that correspond to the optimum cooking water-to-rice ratio could be useful for categorizing rice varieties based on their impact on sensory eating quality and for the development of baseline information for consumers by the rice industry. [source] DISTRIBUTION OF SEDIMENT PHOSPHORUS POOLS AND FLUXES IN RELATION TO ALUM TREATMENT,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 3 2000William F James ABSTRACT: The distribution of sediment physical characteristics, sediment phosphorus (P) pools, and laboratory-based rates of P release from the sediments were used to identify regions and dosage for alum treatment in Wind Lake, Wisconsin. Using variations in sediment moisture content, we identified an erosional zone at depths < 1.4 m and an accumulation zone at depths > 2.6 m. Mean concentrations of porewater P, loosely-bound P, iron- and aluminum-bound P, and mean rates of P release from sediments under anoxic conditions were high in the accumulation zone compared to sediment P characteristics in the erosional zone, indicating focusing of readily mobilized sediment P pools from shallow regions and accumulation to deep regions. We determined that a future alum treatment for control of internal P loading would be most effective at depths > 2.6 in the accumulation zone. The mean rate of anoxic P release from sediments encountered in the accumulation zone (8.3 mg m -2 d -1) was used in conjunction with a summer anoxic period of 122 d, and a treatment area of 1.6 km2 to estimate an internal P load of 1,600 kg to be controlled. Our results suggest that an understanding of the distribution of sediment P pools and P fluxes in lakes provides a strategy for estimating alum dosage and application areas. [source] NORTH ATLANTIC RIGHT WHALE DISTRIBUTION IN RELATION TO SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES CALVING GROUNDSMARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, Issue 2 2006Chérie A. Keller Abstract Standardized aerial surveys were used to document the winter (December,March) distribution of North Atlantic right whales in their calving area off the coasts of Georgia and northeastern Florida (1991,1998). Survey data were collected within four survey zones in and adjacent to federally designated critical habitat. These data, including whale-sighting locations and sampling effort, were used to describe right whale distribution in relation to sea-surface temperature (SST) from satellite-derived images. Locations where whales were sighted (n= 609) had an overall mean SST of 14.3°C ± 2.1° (range 8°,22°C). Data from two survey zones having sufficient data (including the "early warning system" (EWS) zone and the Florida nearshore) were pooled by season and stratified by month to investigate changes in monthly ambient SST and fine-scale distribution patterns of right whales in relation to SST within spatially explicit search areas. Using Monte Carlo techniques, SSTs and latitudes (means and standard deviations) of locations where whales were sighted were compared to a sampling distribution of each variable derived from daily-search areas. Overall, results support a nonrandom distribution of right whales in relation to SST: during resident months (January and February), whales exhibited low variability in observed SST and a suggested southward shift in whale distribution toward warmer SSTs in the EWS zone; while in the relatively warmer and southernmost survey zone (Florida nearshore), right whales were concentrated in the northern, cooler portion. Our results support that warm Gulf Stream waters, generally found south and east of delineated critical habitat, represent a thermal limit for right whales and play an important role in their distribution within the calving grounds. These results affirm the inclusion of SST in a multivariate predictive model for right whale distribution in their southeastern habitat. [source] SPOTTED DOLPHIN EVASIVE RESPONSE IN RELATION TO FISHING EFFORTMARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, Issue 1 2005Cleridy E. Lennert-Cody Abstract Spotted dolphins in the eastern Pacific Ocean associate with yellowfin tuna. During the chase and encirclement phases of purse-seining for tunas, dolphin attempt to evade encirclement with the purse-seine net. We used data on evasive behavior (1982,2001) and numbers of purse-seine sets (1959,2001) to study the relationship between evasion and fishing effort. Results show that in nearshore areas first exploited by the fishery in the early 1960s, dolphins exhibited high evasion, but with a limited correlation between evasion and cumulative effort. In areas farther offshore next exploited in the mid-to late-1960s, dolphins showed high evasion and a significant correlation between evasion and cumulative effort. Dolphins in far-western and southern areas, first exploited in the late 1960s to early 1970s, exhibited low evasion, with little relationship to cumulative effort. We hypothesize that this spatial pattern is the result of two types of pressure from fishing: early effort in nearshore areas with a high risk of mortality that generated a lasting evasive response, followed by a longer period of even greater effort but with lower risk of mortality that generated evasion by longer-term learning. [source] SYMMETRIES OF THE KINGDOM: SUGGESTIONS FROM GIRARD AND BONHOEFFER ON THINKING THE CHURCH,STATE RELATIONTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 4 2010KEVIN LENEHANArticle first published online: 12 MAR 2010 The work of René Girard invites us to re-imagine a ,religious,secular' interactivity within social space in a way released from the violent dualisms of the ,sacred/profane.' Earlier Dietrich Bonhoeffer considered the same task and suggested directions for a positive theology of church-state relations, even as the inherited forms of these institutions were collapsing about him. This paper explores the Girardian scenario for church and state becoming rivalrous ,doubles', whether it be secular utopic projects doubling religious narratives of redemption, or churches doubling the state as parallel yet purer societies , and suggests resources from Bonhoeffer by which a non-rivalrous church-state relationality - both mutually-constituting and mutually-limiting - may be configured. [source] THE PROSLOGION IN RELATION TO THE MONOLOGIONTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 4 2009TOIVO J. HOLOPAINEN First page of article [source] THE RELATION OF MONOLOGION AND PROSLOGIONTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005Gene Fendt First page of article [source] INCORPORATING INCEST: GAMETE, BODY AND RELATION IN ASSISTED CONCEPTION,THE JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, Issue 4 2004Jeanette Edwards This article is about the ways in which residents of an English town explore ever-changing possibilities presented by new reproductive technologies (NRTs). It focuses on the way in which the idiom of incest emerges as a conceptual brake to certain possibilities presented by biotechnological intervention in conception. In this specific ethnographic example, we see that the meaning of incest is neither fixed nor predictable and goes beyond ideas about either biogenetic connection or appropriate and inappropriate sexual relations, even while embracing them. I argue that we need to pay attention to the bodies in which procreative substances that ought not to be mixed are combined and grown into new persons. The article also shows that exploration of NRTs continues to be animated by problematics of kinship. [source] ALMOST MEROVINGIAN: ON JEFF WALL'S RELATION TO NEARLY EVERYTHINGART HISTORY, Issue 5 2009WOLFGANG BRÜCKLE Much of the writing on Wall applies paradigms to his work that he has claimed for himself. With this circularity in mind, this essay discusses problems of value-making in photographic history and their consequences for our interpretation of Wall's work, which seems to refer to very diverse aesthetic discourses and systems. For several decades, Wall attempted to emulate traditional Western painting, yet his recent work focuses on a different tradition, as the ,cinematographic' model arguably gives way to allusions to documentary traditions he once deemed outdated. This essay questions the coherence of certain critical arguments that claim to explain the features of individual images, although they are obviously based on Wall's broader aesthetic and theoretical strategies of context-making and cross-referencing. The author argues that Wall refers to the documentary tradition in some of his works in order to grant credibility and complexity to his overall oeuvre, which otherwise would not meet all the demands of his aesthetic claims. [source] A GENERALIZED EMERSON RECURRENCE RELATIONAUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF STATISTICS, Issue 3 2008J. C. W. Rayner Summary The Emerson (1968, Biometrics 24, 695,701) recurrence relation has many important applications in statistics. However, the original derivation applied only to discrete distributions. In the following, a simple derivation is given that generalizes the Emerson recurrence relation to any distribution for which the necessary expectations exist. A modern application is outlined. [source] CHANGES IN FRIENDSHIP RELATIONS OVER THE LIFE COURSE: IMPLICATIONS FOR DESISTANCE FROM CRIME,CRIMINOLOGY, Issue 2 2003PEGGY C. GIORDANO We analyze life history narratives and structured data derived from a study of serious female and male offenders interviewed when incarcerated as adolescents and followed up thirteen years later. We highlight shifts in the influence of friends and in the nature of friendship choices, and suggest how these changes can facilitate desistance processes. While key events (e.g., marriage) are important to an understanding of such changes, shifts in the actor's perspective and identity are also integral to the process of making successful network realignments. Similarities and differences by gender in the effects of adult social influence processes are also examined. [source] UNITED KINGDOM-AUSTRALIAN/NEW ZEALAND TRADE RELATIONSECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 4 2006MALCOLM ABBOTT The United Kingdom has had a long and important history of trade relations with Australia and New Zealand. Although trade declined, both in absolute and relative importance, during the late 1960s and 1970s there still exists a large and significant volume of trade between them, and the relative and absolute decline in this trade does appear to have been halted. In this paper the trading relationship between the United Kingdom on the one hand and New Zealand and Australia on the other is analysed and the prospects of future trade between them is examined. Overall it is expected that the United Kingdom and Australia/New Zealand trade relations will grow in importance rather than decline as they did before 1985. [source] CLOSER ECONOMIC RELATIONS BETWEEN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND: SPECIALSIATION, COMPETITIVENESS, COMPLEMENTARITYECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 3 2003ELIZABETH PETERSEN First page of article [source] THE CONFLICT BETWEEN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS AND ABSTRACT SYSTEMS IN EDUCATIONEDUCATIONAL THEORY, Issue 2 2007Benjamin Endres Endres uses Anthony Giddens's account of "abstract systems" and "pure" relations to suggest that the tension that teachers face is not only the result of opposing ideologies or philosophies of teaching, but it is the product of conflicting undercurrents in modern social and economic life. Although there is no simple solution to the ambiguous and contested status of teaching, Endres points to two examples of how the interpersonal dimensions of teaching may gain recognition and support by the institutional system of schooling: research on the effects of class size and legal guarantees for individualized educational plans in the area of special education. He concludes by emphasizing the particular challenge of cultivating interpersonal relations for the most disadvantaged students. [source] PLAGUE AND POWER RELATIONSGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2007Rodrick Wallace ABSTRACT Public policy and economic practice, quintessential expressions of institutional cognition, create an opportunity structure constituting a tunable, highly patterned,,non-white noise' in a generalized epidemiological stochastic resonance that can efficiently amplify unhealthy living and working conditions, particularly within highly concentrated, marginalized urban populations, to evoke infectious disease outbreaks. This is especially true for the infections carried by socially generated ,risk behaviours' which are usually adaptations to histories of resource deprivation or marginalization. A number of local epidemics originating in such ecological keystone communities may subsequently undergo a policy and structure-driven phase transition to become a coherent pandemic, a spreading plague which can entrain more affluent populations into the disease ecology of marginalization. We use this approach to contrast the ecological resilience of apartheid and egalitarian social systems, and apply these perspectives to the forthcoming social and geographical diffusion of multiple drug resistant (MDR) HIV from present AIDS epicentres to the rest of the United States. [source] TEMPERATURE-VISCOSITY RELATIONS OF BOWHEAD WHALE BLOOD: A POSSIBLE MECHANISM FOR MAINTAINING COLD BLOOD FLOWMARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, Issue 2 2004Robert Elsner [source] MAKING METAL AND FORGING RELATIONS: IRONWORKING IN THE BRITISH IRON AGEOXFORD JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 4 2007MELANIE GILES Summary. This article explores the social significance of metalworking in the British Iron Age, drawing ethnographic analogies with small-scale, pre-industrial communities. It focuses on iron, from the collection of ore to smelting and smithing, challenging the assumption that specialized ironworking was necessarily associated with hierarchical chiefdoms, supported by full-time craft specialists. Instead, it explores more complex ways in which social and political authority might have been associated with craftwork, through metaphorical associations with fertility, skill and exchange. Challenging traditional interpretations of objects such as tools and weapons, it argues that the importance of this craft lay in its dual association with transformative power, both creative and destructive. It suggests that this technology literally made new kinds of metaphorical relationships thinkable, and it explores the implications through a series of case studies ranging from the production and use of iron objects to their destruction and deposition. [source] POTS, HOUSES AND METAL: TECHNOLOGICAL RELATIONS AT THE BRONZE AGE TELL AT SZÁZHALOMBATTA, HUNGARYOXFORD JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 2 2006JOANNA SOFAER Summary. At the Bronze Age tell of Százhalombatta, Hungary, techniques used for making pottery echo those used in other media. Pottery and architecture have a close relationship. Not only were both made of clay, but methods of making pots echo those used for building. Similarly, pottery and metalwork share common themes and technologies for working with clay and bronze. Since choices made by potters are not solely confined to the environment, raw materials and tools, but are also socially and culturally defined, by implication the transfer of know-how must be situated within social networks between people. This paper considers how the identification of technical relationships between different media at Százhalombatta can be used to explore social relations in Bronze Age society, thereby suggesting relationships that work on both technical and social levels. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||