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Kinds of Region Terms modified by Region Selected AbstractsINTEGRATED MODELLING OF WATER POLICY SCENARIOS IN THE GREAT BARRIER REEF REGIONECONOMIC PAPERS: A JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECONOMICS AND POLICY, Issue 3 2005Alexander Smajgl The Reef Water Quality Protection Plan defined a landmark in the political discussion on water use in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) region. In order to develop a decision support tool that integrates market values and non-market values we combine Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling with multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) to integrate socio-economic, ecological and hydrological aspects of water use. In two scenarios the applied modelling approach of this paper is explained. [source] ORIGINAL AND SECONDARY HIGH-FREQUENCY SANDSTORM ZONES IN THE LOESS PLATEAU REGION, CHINAGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES A: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2007JIONGXIN XU ABSTRACT. A study of sandstorms in the Loess Plateau and neighbouring areas is based on observations of sandstorms and precipitation. Through analysis of the relationship between the mean annual number of sandstorms and the mean annual precipitation, an original sandstorm zone and a secondary high-frequency zone of sandstorms have been defined. The latter is mainly formed as a result of human activities, such as vegetation destruction and waste-land cultivation, and not because of climatic change. The secondary sandstorm zone is located 350,500 km away from the original sandstorm zone, reflecting the fact that the sandstorm zone in the Loess Plateau area has shifted 350,500 km to the southeast, in response to human impact. Some abrupt change has been found in the area where the mean annual precipitation is 270 mm, where the original sandstorm zone ends and a secondary zone of high-frequency sandstorms begins. This transition area can be regarded as an abnormally unstable area. This study shows that destruction of the vegetation can cause changes in the environment similar to those attributed to climatic change. [source] (RE)PRODUCING A "PERIPHERAL" REGION , NORTHERN SWEDEN IN THE NEWSGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 4 2008Madeleine Eriksson ABSTRACT. Building on theories of internal orientalism, the objective of this study is to show how intra-national differences are reproduced through influential media representations. By abstracting news representations of Norrland, a large, sparsely populated region in the northernmost part of Sweden, new modes of "internal othering" within Western modernity are put on view. Real and imagined social and economical differences between the "rural North" and the "urban South" are explained in terms of "cultural differences" and "lifestyle" choices. The concept of Norrland is used as an abstract essentialized geographical category and becomes a metonym for a backward and traditional rural space in contrast to equally essentialized urban areas with favoured modern ideals. Specific traits of parts of the region become one with the entire region and the problems of the region become the problems of the people living in the region. I argue that the news representations play a part in the reproduction of a "space of exception", in that one region is constructed as a traditional and undeveloped space in contrast to an otherwise modern nation. A central argument of this study is that research on identity construction and representations of place is needed to come to grips with issues of uneven regional development within western nations. [source] DIFFERENTIAL SUBURBAN DEVELOPMENT IN THE PRAGUE URBAN REGIONGEOGRAFISKA ANNALER SERIES B: HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2007Martin Ou ABSTRACT. Numerous authors have asserted that suburbanization contributes to many problems in both suburban and inner city localities. Research of suburban development demonstrates variations in spatial patterns, the intensity of spatial processes, and the social and economic status of new suburbanites. While some forms of suburban development could cause serious problems throughout the urban region, other forms could be perceived as processes improving the quality of life in suburbia. This paper seeks to investigate different types of suburban development in the Prague urban region over the past fifteen years of transformation. The focus of my interest is residential suburbanization, which is one of the most significant spatial processes today in the settlement systems of post-socialist countries. The theoretical part of the contribution deals with the differentiation of spatial processes changing the suburban zone. Here I discuss the concepts of several processes of suburban development and their distinctive impact on both suburban and inner city localities. The empirical part of the contribution is based on an analysis of migration flows in the various localities of the Prague urban region in the period 1995 to 2003. I attempt to describe the magnitude and spatial patterns of suburbanization and the composition of migrants to suburbia. The paper concludes with a discussion about the possible future development of suburbanization in the Prague urban region. [source] IMPACTS OF TRANSPORTATION CHANGES ON THE WOODWORKING INDUSTRY OF MEXICO'S PURÉPECHA REGIONGEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 4 2004PAUL MARR ABSTRACT. The PurÉpecha region of Michoacán State, in west-central Mexico, has a strong tradition of craft production, especially wooden items. Transportation improvements in the region since the mid-twentieth century have led to a higher level of integration of the regional economy, yet access to the broader Mexican market remains limited. Towns throughout the region have experienced substantial changes in the types of crafts produced, the extent of their local and external markets, and the location of craft production. Transportation improvements have, in part, led to agglomeration economies and a resultant contraction in the number of different types and an increase in the volume of the crafts produced. Market changes have led to the proliferation of craft storefronts in towns with higher levels of accessibility. Conversely, remote towns still rely heavily on distributors and have not been able to expand their markets. As a result, the region has seen the development of a two-tiered system whereby towns with increased accessibility have viable craft industries and towns with limited accessibility struggle with stagnant craft industries. [source] AFRICAN CHURCHES IN THE RHEIN-RUHR REGION OF GERMANYINTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MISSION, Issue 354 2000Koilor Kimba No abstract is available for this article. [source] PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON PHYSICAL AND NUTRITIONAL QUALITIES OF SOME INDIGENOUS AND IMPORTANT RICE CULTIVARS OF NORTH-EASTERN HILL REGION OF INDIAJOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 6 2008TH. PREMILA DEVI ABSTRACT The northeastern hills of India are endowed with rich source of rice germplasm, which may be safely estimated about 9,000 accessions, excluding the redundancies. Even though much of the germplasm have been collected, studies on nutritional aspects of these local cultivars are still lacking. Fifteen important indigenous rice genotypes collected from different rice growing ecosystem of this region were studied for physical and nutritional qualities. Kernel color of the genotypes varied from white to dark purple. All the genotypes except Manipuri were of bold-grain type. Most of the genotypes studied have fat contents more than 2.0%. The protein content was found higher in Chahou angouba and Naga special. Five cultivars were identified as high-protein cultivars of rice, with 10,12.07% protein content. Amylose content varied from 2.27 to 24.5%. Most of long-grained genotypes recorded lesser amylose than short grained. Chahou varieties were found aromatic and glutinous, which demand higher market prices in local market. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The north-eastern hills of India are endowed with rich source of rice germplasm, and much of the germplasm have been collected, but studies on basic and advanced nutritional aspects of these local cultivars are still lacking. This part of India has valuable rice genotypes of strong aroma, glutinous characters and slender grains with high amount of protein, fat and fiber. Having not known to the rest of the world and even to indigenous end users, some of such cultivars have already been lost, and some more are at the verge of extinction. Quality evaluation done in the present study provided useful information on their commercial exploitation and utilization in breeding programs of nutritional enhancement of rice to fight malnutrition among rice-consuming population, which is largest in the world. [source] CRETACEOUS CARBONATES IN THE ADIYAMAN REGION, SE TURKEY: AN ASSESSMENT OF BURIAL HISTORY AND SOURCE-ROCK POTENTIALJOURNAL OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGY, Issue 1 2000I. H. Demirel The burial history and source-rock potential of Cretaceous carbonates in the Adiyaman region of SE Turkey have been investigated. The carbonates belong to the Aptian-Campanian Mardin Group and the overlying Karabogaz Formation. The stratigraphy of these carbonates at four well locations was recorded. At each well, the carbonate succession was found to be incomplete, and important unconformities were present indicating periods of non-deposition and/or erosion. These unconformities are of variable extent. When combined with the effects of rapid subsidence and sedimentation which took place in the SW of the Adiyaman region during end-Cretaceous foredeep development, they have resulted in variations in the carbonates' present-day burial depths, thereby influencing the regional pattern of source-rock maturation and the timing of oil generation. Burial history curves indicate that the carbonates' maturity increases from SW to NE, towards the Late Cretaceous thrust belt. Predicted levels of maturity for the Mardin Group are consistent with measured geochemical data from three of the wells in the study area (the exception being well Karadag-1). Three potential source-rock intervals of Cretaceous age have been identified. Two of these units , the Derdere and Karababa Formations of the Mardin Group , are composed of shallow-water carbonates which were deposited on the northern margin of the Arabian Platform. The third source-rock unit, the overlying Karabogaz Formation, is composed of pelagic carbonates which were deposited during a regional transgression. These potential source-rock intervals contain marine organic matter dominated by Type II kerogen. Total organic carbon contents range from 0.5 to 2.9 %. Time-temperature analyses indicate that the Mardin Group carbonates are immature to marginally mature at well locations in the SW of the study area, and are mature at western and NE well locations. The onset of oil generation in these Cretaceous source rocks took place between the middle Eocene (48 million yrs ago) and the Oligocene (28 million yrs ago). [source] SEASONAL VARIABILITY OF THE ORGANIC-WALLED DINOFLAGELLATE CYST PRODUCTION IN THE COASTAL UPWELLING REGION OFF CAPE BLANC (MAURITANIA): A FIVE-YEAR SURVEY,JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 1 2010Karin A. F. Zonneveld A 5-year sediment trap survey in the upwelling area off Cape Blanc (NW Africa) provides information on the seasonal and annual resting cyst production of dinoflagellates, their sinking characteristics and preservation potential. Strong annual variation in cyst production characterizes the region. Cyst production of generally all investigated species, including Alexandrium pseudogonyaulax (Biecheler) T. Horig. ex T. Kita et Fukuyo (cyst genus Impagidinium) and Gonyaulax spinifera (Clap. et J. Lachm.) Diesing (cyst genus Nematosphaeropsis) was enhanced with increasing upper water nutrient and trace-element concentrations. Cyst production of Lingulodinium polyedrum (F. Stein) J. D. Dodge was the highest at the transition between upwelling and upwelling-relaxation. Cyst production of Protoperidinium americanum (Gran et Braarud) Balech, Protoperidinium monospinum (Paulsen) K. A. F. Zonn. et B. Dale, and Protoperidinium stellatum (D. Wall) Balech, and heterotrophic dinoflagellates forming Brigantedinium spp. and Echinidinium aculeatum Zonn., increased most pronouncedly during upwelling episodes. Production of Protoperidinium conicum (Gran) Balech and Protoperidinium pentagonum (Gran) Balech cysts and total diatom valves were related, providing evidence of a predator,prey relationship. The export cyst-flux of E. aculeatum, P. americanum, P. monospinum, and P. stellatum was strongly linked to the flux of total diatom valves and CaCO3, whereas the export production of Echinidinium granulatum Zonn. and Protoperidinium subinerme (Paulsen) A. R. Loebl. correlated with total organic carbon, suggesting potential consumption of diatoms, prymnesiophytes, and organic matter, respectively. Sinking velocities were at least 274 m · d,1, which is in range of the diatom- and coccolith-based phytoplankton aggregates and "slower" fecal pellets. Species-selective degradation did not occur in the water column, but on the ocean floor. [source] USE OF SOIL AND WATER PROTECTION PRACTICES AMONG FARMERS IN THE NORTH CENTRAL REGION OF THE UNITED STATES,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 4 2000Ted L. Napier ABSTRACT: Data were collected in the fall of 1998 and the winter of 1999 from 1,011 land owner-operators within three watersheds in the North Central Region of the United States to assess adoption of soil and water protection practices. Farm owner-operators were asked to indicate how frequently they used 18 different agricultural production practices. Many farmers within the three watersheds had adopted conservation protection practices. However, they also employed production practices that could negate many of the environmental benefits associated with conservation practices in use. Comparison of adoption behaviors used in the three watersheds revealed significant differences among the study groups. Respondents in the Iowa and Ohio watersheds reported greater use of conservation production systems than did farmers in Minnesota. However, there were no significant differences between Ohio and Iowa farmers in terms of use of conservation production practices. This was surprising, since farmers in the Ohio watershed had received massive amounts of public and private investments to motivate them to adopt and to continue using conservation production systems. These findings bring into serious question the use of traditional voluntary conservation programs such as those employed in the Ohio watershed. Study findings suggest that new policy approaches should be considered. It is argued that "whole farm planning" should be a significant component of new agricultural conservation policy. [source] COASTAL BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS FROM SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA ARE TURSIOPS ADUNCUS ACCORDING TO SEQUENCES OF THE MITOCHONDRIAL DNA CONTROL REGIONMARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, Issue 2 2001Luciana M. Möller Abstract Sequence analysis of the mitochondrial DNA control region was used to clarify the taxonomic status of two coastal bottlenose dolphin populations from southeastern Australia currently classified as Tursiops truncatus. A 368-bp segment of the control region of 57 biopsy-sampled, photo-identified dolphins of Jervis Bay and Port Stephens was compared to published sequences of T. truncatus and T. aduncus from different oceanic regions. Sequence divergence between haplotypes from southeastern Australia and T. aduncus was much lower than that from T. truncatus. Analyses using two different methods of phylogenetic reconstruction unambiguously placed all haplotypes from southeastern Australia in a group composed exclusively of T. aduncus. The results strongly indicated that these two bottlenose dolphin populations belong to T. aduncus, extending the range of the species to subtropical waters of the Western South Pacific Ocean. [source] THE DATE AND SEQUENCE OF USE OF NEOLITHIC FUNERARY MONUMENTS: NEW AMS DATING EVIDENCE FROM THE COTSWOLD-SEVERN REGIONOXFORD JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 4 2006MARTIN SMITH Summary. In this paper we discuss 26 new Neolithic AMS dates obtained from human and animal bone from four previously undated funerary monuments in the Cotswold-Severn region. By strategically targeting particular portions of these skeletal assemblages, a number of valuable inferences are made concerning the extent of variation in apparently co-existing burial practices both within and between monuments. Of particular interest is the observation that variations in the extent to which interments have become disarticulated cannot necessarily be equated with chronological relationships regarding their deposition. This project has also obtained dates from cremated bone, which establish that the range of funerary treatments in practice during the earlier Neolithic also included cremation. Additionally it is observed that whilst some, apparently primary, deposits may in fact be later insertions, other material in apparently secondary contexts may actually return earlier Neolithic dates. [source] HIRNANTIAN (LATEST ORDOVICIAN) GRAPTOLITES FROM THE UPPER YANGTZE REGION, CHINAPALAEONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2005CHEN XU Abstract:, The Upper Yangtze region yields a Hirnantian (latest Ordovician) graptolite fauna that includes 41 species assigned to 13 genera. This fauna is particularly important for understanding the Late Ordovician mass extinction event because it is the most diverse known from this interval. In addition, it records the survival, well into the Hirnantian, of many taxa of the Dicranograptidae-Diplograptidae-Orthograptidae (DDO) fauna, which was previously regarded as having gone extinct at the beginning of the Hirnantian. Taxa exhibiting six different astogenetic patterns, including taxa with reclined stipes, scandent, biserial, full-periderm and ,archiretiolitid' rhabdosome forms occur in the lower Normalograptus extraordinarius-N. ojsuensis Biozone. In contrast, in the upper N. persculptus Biozone only four genera remain, all but one of which are Normalograptidae: scandent and biserial taxa with Pattern H astogeny. Normalograptids are the dominant form of the succeeding, lower Rhuddanian, faunas. The Yangtze faunas also document the early expansion of normalograptids coeval with the decline of the DDO fauna. Many previously identified species considered endemic to China have been synonymized; 24 of the 41 species recorded here have been recognized elsewhere. No new taxa are described. [source] ENGAGING WITH THE IMMIGRANT HUMAN RIGHTS MOVEMENT IN A BESIEGED BORDER REGION: WHAT DO APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENTISTS BRING TO THE POLICY PROCESS?ANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2009Josiah McC. Engagement with immigration goes beyond work directly with immigrants to include involvement in the immigration policy process. The chapter describes work on immigration and human rights policy grounded in issues facing the U.S.,Mexico border region. A policy coalition with regional and national presence, the Border and Immigration Task Force, combines an organized social movement with bases in immigrant communities with a diverse policy coalition whose members have varied skills, constituencies, and political connections. As applied social scientists in this coalition, we bring a number of skills, including effective writing, synthesis of secondary sources, teaching skills applied to public interaction and communication, and application of the sociological and anthropological imagination to understand the implications, on the ground, of detailed policy recommendations. Our work has not involved community-based primary research, but this form of practice is also mentioned for its relevance to policy formation and advocacy. The literature on public anthropology and public sociology needs to include discussions of engagement in practical policy processes. [source] THIRTY CANS OF BEEF STEW AND A THONG: ANTHROPOLOGIST AS ACADEMIC, ADMINISTRATOR, AND ACTIVIST IN THE U.S.,MEXICO BORDER REGIONANNALS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRACTICE, Issue 1 2009Konane M. MartínezArticle first published online: 13 JUL 200 This article explores the role of the anthropologist working with immigrant communities in the U.S.,Mexico Border Region. As an anthropologist, I have had to negotiate my role as an academic, administrator, and activist. The article examines these three roles by analyzing the experience of the anthropologist with immigrant communities and agencies over the past nine years and during the southern California wildfires of 2007. While in many ways the three roles are categorically distinct, they are also connected and work to inform each other. The position of an applied anthropologist in the U.S.,Mexico border has allowed for development of practical and applied solutions to help improve the wellbeing of immigrant communities. This form of applied, practical, yet academically grounded work has the potential to elevate the anthropology of immigration beyond that of traditional researcher. [source] LEAD ISOTOPE ANALYSES OF BRONZE AGE COPPER-BASE ARTEFACTS FROM AL-MIDAMMAN, YEMEN: TOWARDS THE IDENTIFICATION OF AN INDIGENOUS METAL PRODUCTION AND EXCHANGE SYSTEM IN THE SOUTHERN RED SEA REGION,ARCHAEOMETRY, Issue 4 2009L. WEEKS The results of the lead isotope analysis (LIA) of 15 copper-base artefacts from the Bronze Age site of al-Midamman, Yemen, are reported. The LIA data suggest the existence of an indigenous Bronze Age metal production and exchange system centred on the southern Red Sea region, distinct from those in neighbouring regions of Arabia and the Levant. These preliminary results are highly significant for the archaeology of the region, suggesting that local prehistoric copper extraction sites have thus far gone unrecorded, and highlighting the need for systematic archaeometallurgical fieldwork programmes in the countries surrounding the southern Red Sea. [source] GEOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF VITREOUS ROCKS EXPLOITED DURING THE FORMATIVE PERIOD IN THE ATACAMA REGION, NORTHERN CHILE,ARCHAEOMETRY, Issue 1 2009A. SEELENFREUND Petrographic analysis and geochemical characterization studies were carried out on vitreous dacite and/or rhyodacite artefacts from Formative period archaeological sites in the upper Salado River Basin in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile. These were compared with samples taken from two source areas located within the subregion, named Linzor and Paniri. Source samples and archaeological specimens were analysed by inductively coupled plasma , mass spectrometry (ICP,MS) combined with optical emission plasma , mass spectrometry (ICP,OES) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results from the limited number of samples analysed indicate that the Linzor source seems to have been the primary source exploited during the Early and Late Formative periods in the Salado River Basin. [source] WELFARE, ENTERPRISE, AND ABORIGINAL COMMUNITY: THE CASE OF THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN KIMBERLEY REGION, 1968,96AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 3 2006Tony Smith Aboriginal; Australia; entrepreneurship; social policy This article traces the development of Aboriginal-controlled businesses and their ability to access land, labour, and finance in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. It investigates the influence of the development policies on Aboriginal commercial operations. Among other things, the implementation of a new policy , beginning in the early 1970s , saw the handing over by the state of large tracts of land, and the provision of labour and finance to Aboriginal interests. The article analyses the tension between land and enterprise as a welfare measure and as a means of commercial endeavour. [source] ARE CHINESE STOCK MARKETS INCREASING INTEGRATION WITH OTHER MARKETS IN THE GREATER CHINA REGION AND OTHER MAJOR MARKETS?AUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC PAPERS, Issue 3 2007GARY GANG TIAN This paper investigates the cointegrating and long-term causal relationships between the Shanghai A and B-share market, and between these two markets and the Hong Kong, the Taiwanese, the Japanese and the US market of two sub periods between July 1993 and March 2007. On the basis of a new Granger non-causality test procedure developed by Toda-Yamamoto (1995) and Johansen's (1988) cointegration test, my results suggest that a long-term equilibrium relationship measured by cointegration has been merged between the Chinese A-share market and the other markets in greater China region as well as the US market during the post-crisis period which covers the period since Chinese A-share market was opened to the Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII) in 2002. I also found that the Shanghai A-share market uni-directionally Granger-causes the other regional markets after the Asian financial crisis, while the A-share market and Hong Kong H-share market have had a significant feedback relationship since then. However, I found no evidence there has been cointegrating relationship between Shanghai B-share market and any other market ever since the B-share market was opened to the local retail investors in 2001. [source] Continuing Progressive Deterioration of the Environment in the Aral Sea Region: Disastrous Effects on Mother and Child HealthACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 5 2001O Ataniyazova Scientists, non-governmental experts (NGOs) and governmental officials from the Central Asian Republics and an international group of invited scientists and NGO representatives participated in a workshop on the disastrous health problems in the Aral Sea Region. Various serious problems were reported in more than 20 presentations. Particular emphasis was put on the way in which adverse environmental factors such as contaminated water and food have contributed to the deterioration of human health, particularly that of mothers and children. Conclusion: There is an urgent request that the international community assists local scientists to develop programmes to improve the health of the population in the Aral Sea Region. [source] Development of the Detachment under the Influence of the Supersonic Flow in the Divertor RegionCONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS, Issue 1-3 2008O. Marchuk Abstract It is demonstrated in the framework of a one-dimensional model for the scrape-off layer that with increasing upstream plasma density and decreasing temperature near divertor target plates a supersonic flow develops in the front of the target. This flow is an important mechanism for the transition from high-recycling regime to a weak detached state and has a significant impact on the plasma parameters, in particular, the pressure and particle flux to the plates, after detachment. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] High Density Cascaded Arc Produced Plasma Expanding in a Low Pressure RegionCONTRIBUTIONS TO PLASMA PHYSICS, Issue 5-6 2004R. P. Dahiya Abstract Experimental measurements made in thermal expanding argon, nitrogen and hydrogen plasmas with particular reference to molecular kinetics, surface nitriding and intense flux in magnetic field are discussed. The plasma is generated in a cascaded arc source. In the presence of molecular species (H2 / N2) dissociative recombination reactions involving rovibrationally excited molecules contribute to a rapid decay of the plasma species, especially for hydrogen system. A combination of nitrogen and hydrogen plasma gives an efficient plasma nitriding process, which has been applied for case hardening of machinery components. In another setup a strong axial magnetic field (0.4 - 1.6 T) contains and substantially prolongs the plasma beam in the chamber. In the presence of the magnetic field, an additional current drawn through the plasma beam using a biased substrate and a ring creates dense low temperature plasma giving a new unexplored plasma regime. The plasma kinetics are modified in this regime from the recombining to the ionising mode. When the additional current in the argon plasma beam exceeds 30 A, its light emission is predominantly in the blue region. With the additional current and magnetic field, the emission intensity of H, and other lines arising from higher energy levels in the hydrogen Balmer series is enhanced. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] CSR and the environment: business supply chain partnerships in Hong Kong and PRDR, ChinaCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Issue 5 2009Dennis K. K. Cheung Abstract Cross-border relocation of the production lines of Hong Kong companies to the Pearl River Delta Region (PRDR) of China relocates the pollution source geographically. In contextualizing corporate social responsibility (CSR), more and better collaborations on environmental management between Hong-Kong-based companies and their supply chains within Hong Kong and the PRDR are needed. Using a qualitative approach, this research identifies and examines nine concerned business supply chain partnership cases. Stakeholders perceived that partnership is a good tool for improving corporate environmental management. However, although it has become more active since 2002, partnership is not yet popular. More time and support are needed to develop it. Businesses should take further steps to benefit themselves and the environment. Based on the first-hand experiences and opinions of interviewees, this paper analyzes and presents recent partnership activities; their drivers and barriers; factors in their successes; and the possible roles of government and business associations in fostering partnership development. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] Surgical Management of Giant Condyloma Acuminatum (Buschke-Loewenstein Tumor) of the Perianal RegionDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2007FASA, KOSMAS I. PARASKEVAS MD First page of article [source] Treatment of Idiopathic Cutaneous Hyperchromia of the Orbital Region (ICHOR) with Intense Pulsed LightDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 6 2006NATALIA CYMROT CYMBALISTA MD BACKGROUND Idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region (ICHOR) does not have a clear etiopathogenesis. Genetic factors, increased melanin, prominent vasculature, and eyelid skin slackness seem to be involved. OBJECTIVE To evaluate individuals with ICHOR clinically and histologically, before and after treatment with high-energy pulsed light (HEPL), considering epidermal and dermal melanin, in order to evaluate HEPL efficacy in clearing away ICHOR, and 1 month and 1 year later to check whether improvement was maintained. METHODS Twelve individuals with ICHOR underwent clinical and histological evaluation before and after HEPL application, with photographic comparison. They underwent one to four HEPL sessions on the lower eyelid at approximately 30-day intervals. Melanin quantification by area, before and after treatment was performed by digital image morphometry. RESULTS Eyelid skin was significantly lightened (p=.24), and was maintained 1 year later with no ICHOR reincidence. All individuals (100%) showed postinflammatory hyperchromia (average 6-month duration), while 58.33% presented hypochromia (7-month duration). There was significantly decreased epidermal and dermal melanin after treatment. CONCLUSION HEPL was shown to be useful in clearing up ICHOR. This was maintained after 1 year. Epidermal and dermal histopathology showed decreased melanin following treatment. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate possible later recurrence of ICHOR. [source] Child Labour in African Artisanal Mining Communities: Experiences from Northern GhanaDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 3 2010Gavin Hilson ABSTRACT The issue of child labour in the artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) economy is attracting significant attention worldwide. This article critically examines this ,problem' in the context of sub-Saharan Africa, where a lack of formal sector employment opportunities and/or the need to provide financial support to their impoverished families has led tens of thousands of children to take up work in this industry. The article begins by engaging with the main debates on child labour in an attempt to explain why young boys and girls elect to pursue arduous work in ASM camps across the region. The remainder of the article uses the Ghana experience to further articulate the challenges associated with eradicating child labour at ASM camps, drawing upon recent fieldwork undertaken in Talensi-Nabdam District, Upper East Region. Overall, the issue of child labour in African ASM communities has been diagnosed far too superficially, and until donor agencies and host governments fully come to grips with the underlying causes of the poverty responsible for its existence, it will continue to burgeon. [source] China's Rangelands under Stress: A Comparative Study of Pasture Commons in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous RegionDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 2 2000Peter Ho China's economic reforms have exacerbated the problems of over-grazing and desertification in the country's pastoral areas. In order to deal with rangeland degradation, the Chinese government has resorted to nationalization, or semi-privatization. Since the implementation of rangeland policy has proved very difficult, however, experiments with alternative rangeland tenure systems merit our attention. In Ningxia, in northwest China, local attempts have been undertaken to establish communal range management systems with the village as the basic unit of use and control. Some of these management regimes are under severe stress, due to large-scale digging for medicinal herbs in the grasslands. This digging has resulted in serious conflicts between Han and Hui Muslim Chinese, during which several farmers have been killed. It is against this backdrop that this article explores the institutional dynamics of range management in two different villages. [source] A 10-year (1996,2005) prospective study of the incidence of Type 1 diabetes in Moscow in the age group 0,14 yearsDIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 8 2008E. A. Pronina Abstract Aims To provide data on the incidence of Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Moscow, determined prospectively from 1996 to 2005 for a total of > 10 million subjects aged < 15 years. Methods Data on T1D incidence in patients with newly discovered T1D resident in Moscow diagnosed between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2005 were analysed. Primary ascertainment was based in endocrinology departments of children's hospitals in Moscow. A secondary source were the archives of Moscow Region where patients are registered to obtain exemption from paying for medication. Results We identified 2031 new cases of T1D patients with a degree of ascertainment through primary and secondary sources of 94%. Overall the incidence rate of the disease was 12.9 per 100 000 per year (95% confidence interval 12.3, 13.4). The cumulative risk of the disease was 0.28 per 1000 in the age group 0,4 years, 0.84 in the age group 5,9 years and 1.8 in the age group 10,14 years. The incidence rate in girls increased by a mean of 6% per year in all age groups (P < 0.05 for all comparisons), whereas in boys it increased by a mean of 7% in the age group 10,14 years. Thirty percent of cases presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and coma at diagnosis, whereas hyperglycaemia without ketonuria was present in 20% of patients. Conclusions This is the first study to report on validated incidence data for T1D in Moscow. We conclude that the incidence of T1D in Moscow is comparable to that of those European countries having intermediate incidence rates, and that the incidence is increasing. [source] Reproductive health services for refugees by refugees: an example from GuineaDISASTERS, Issue 1 2010Anna Von Roenne The need to involve refugees in their own reproductive health (RH) services has long been recognised, but there is a lack of published examples describing how this can be achieved collaboratively between refugee initiatives, UNHCR, bilateral development organisations and international relief agencies. This paper outlines the work, outputs and lessons learnt of the Reproductive Health Group (RHG), an organisation of Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugee midwives and laywomen providing RH services to fellow refugees in Guinea's Forest Region between 1996 and 2000. Working as part of the Guinean health system, RHG midwives and community facilitators helped make the RH services in their region the most effective in Guinea at the time. Looking at RHG's achievements, the challenges it faced and partly overcame, it is argued that refugee organisations can plan and implement RH services for refugees where UNHCR and its international partners ensure that they receive funding and technical assistance. [source] Primary laparoscopic and open repair of paraesophageal hernias: a comparison of short-term outcomesDISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS, Issue 1 2008S. Karmali SUMMARY. The choice of the optimal surgical approach for repairing paraesophaeal hernias (PEH) is debated. Our objective is to evaluate the short-term outcomes of primary laparoscopic and open repairs of PEH performed in the Calgary Health Region. A retrospective review of all patients undergoing repair of PEH between October 1999 and February 2005 was performed. The outcome measures evaluated included intra-operative parameters and post-operative variables, mortality rates, recurrence rates and patient satisfaction. A total of 93 patients underwent either a laparoscopic (n = 46) or open (n = 47) primary PEH repair. The laparoscopic approach was associated with a longer mean operative time (3.1 ± 1.2 hours vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 hours, P = 0.005) but resulted in a shorter overall hospital stay (5 days [2,16 days]vs. 10 days [5,24 days]; P < 0.001), and fewer post-operative complications (10/46 [22%]vs. 25/47 [53%]P = 0.002). Although the follow-up was short (laparoscopic 16 months; open 18 months), a 9% recurrence rate was reported with both approaches. Patient satisfaction using the Gastroesophageal Disease Health-Related Quality Of Life questionnaire was similar in both groups (P = 0.861) with most patients reporting excellent outcomes (laparoscopic: 32/36 [89%]; open 27/35 [77%]). Our review suggests that the laparoscopic approach is safe with shorter hospital stay and recovery. Although early follow-up suggests that recurrence rates and patient satisfaction are similar, long-term follow-up is required to determine whether the laparoscopic approach will become the procedure of choice. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||