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Reflection
Kinds of Reflection Terms modified by Reflection Selected AbstractsTeaching and Learning Guide for: Memoryscape: How Audio Walks Can Deepen Our Sense of Place by Integrating Art, Oral History and Cultural GeographyGEOGRAPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 5 2008Toby Butler Author's Introduction This article is concerned with the history and practice of creating sound walks or ,memoryscapes': outdoor trails that use recorded sound and spoken memory played on a personal stereo or mobile media to experience places in new ways. It is now possible to cheaply and easily create this and other kinds of located media experience. The development of multi-sensory-located media (,locedia') presents some exciting opportunities for those concerned with place, local history, cultural geography and oral history. This article uses work from several different disciplines (music, sound art, oral history and cultural geography) as a starting point to exploring some early and recent examples of locedia practice. It also suggests how it might give us a more sophisticated, real, embodied and nuanced experience of places that the written word just can not deliver. Yet, there are considerable challenges in producing and experiencing such work. Academics used to writing must learn to work in sound and view or image; they must navigate difficult issues of privacy, consider the power relations of the outsider's ,gaze' and make decisions about the representation of places in work that local people may try and have strong feelings about. Creating such work is an active, multi-sensory and profoundly challenging experience that can offer students the chance to master multi-media skills as well as apply theoretical understandings of the histories and geographies of place. Author Recommends 1.,Perks, R., and Thomson, A. (2006). The oral history reader, 2nd ed. London: Routledge. This is a wonderful collection of significant writing concerned with oral history. Part IV, Making Histories features much of interest, including a thought-provoking paper on the challenges of authoring in sound rather than print by Charles Hardy III, and a moving interview with Graeme Miller, the artist who created the Linked walk mentioned in the memoryscape article. These only feature in the second edition. 2.,Cresswell, T. (2004). Place: a short introduction. Oxford, UK: Blackwell. A refreshingly clear and well-written guide to the different theoretical takes on what makes places , a good starting point for further reading. 3.,Carlyle, A. (ed.). (2008). Autumn leaves: sound and the environment in artistic practice. Paris, France: Double Entendre. This is a collection of short essays and examples of located sonic media art; it includes interviews with practitioners and includes Hildegard Westekamp's Soundwalking, a practical guide to leading students on a mute walk. Lots of thought provoking, applied reading material for students here. 4.,Blunt, A., et al. (eds) (2003). Cultural geography in practice. London: Arnold. A great book for undergraduate and postgraduate students , concepts explained and lots of examples of actually doing cultural geography. The chapter on mapping worlds by David Pinder is particularly useful in this context. 5.,Pinder, D. (2001). Ghostly footsteps: voices, memories and walks in the city. Ecumene 8 (1), pp. 1,19. This article is a thoughtful analysis of a Janet Cardiff sound walk in Whitechapel, East London. Online Materials http://www.memoryscape.org.uk This is my project website, which features two online trails, Dockers which explores Greenwich and the memories of the London Docks that are archived in the Museum of London, and Drifting which is a rather strange experiment-combining physical geography and oral history along the Thames at Hampton Court, but still makes for an interesting trail. Audio, maps and trails can be downloaded for free, so students with phones or iPods can try the trails if you are within reach of Surrey or London. The site features an online version, with sound-accompanying photographs of the location. http://www.portsofcall.org.uk This website has three more trails here, this time of the communities surrounding the Royal Docks in East London. The scenery here is very dramatic and anyone interested in the regeneration of East London and its impact on local communities will find these trails interesting. Like Dockers, the walks feature a lot of rare archive interviews. This project involved a great deal of community interaction and participation as I experimented with trying to get people involved with the trail-making process. The site uses Google maps for online delivery. http://www.soundwalk.com This New York-based firm creates exceptionally high-quality soundwalks, and they are well worth the money. They started by producing trails for different districts of New York (I recommend the Bronx Graffiti trail) and have recently made trails for other cities, like Paris and Varanassi in India. http://www.mscapers.com This website is run by Hewlett Packard, which has a long history of research and development in located media applications. They currently give free licence to use their mscape software which is a relatively easy to learn way of creating global positioning system-triggered content. The big problem is that you have to have a pricey phone or personal digital assistant to run the software, which makes group work prohibitively expensive. But equipment prices are coming down and with the new generations of mobile phones developers believe that the time when the player technology is ubiquitous might be near. And if you ask nicely HP will lend out sets of equipment for teaching or events , fantastic if you are working within reach of Bristol. See also http://www.createascape.org.uk/ which has advice and examples of how mscape software has been used for teaching children. Sample Syllabus public geography: making memoryscapes This course unit could be adapted to different disciplines, or offered as a multidisciplinary unit to students from different disciplines. It gives students a grounding in several multi-media techniques and may require support/tuition from technical staff. 1.,Introduction What is a located mediascape, now and in the future? Use examples from resources above. 2.,Cultural geographies of site-specific art and sound Theories of place; experiments in mapping and site-specific performance. 3.,Walk activity: Westergard Hildekamp , sound walk, or one of the trails mentioned above The best way , and perhaps the only way , to really appreciate located media is to try one in the location they have been designed to be experienced. I would strongly advise any teaching in this field to include outdoor, on-site experiences. Even if you are out of reach of a mediascape experience, taking students on a sound walk can happen anywhere. See Autumn Leaves reference above. 4.,Researching local history An introduction to discovering historical information about places could be held at a local archive and a talk given by the archivist. 5.,Creating located multimedia using Google maps/Google earth A practical exercise-based session going through the basics of navigating Google maps, creating points and routes, and how to link pictures and sound files. 6.,Recording sound and oral history interviews A practical introduction to the techniques of qualitative interviewing and sound recording. There are lots of useful online guides to oral history recording, for example, an online oral history primer http://www.nebraskahistory.org/lib-arch/research/audiovis/oral_history/index.htm; a more in depth guide to various aspects of oral history http://www.baylor.edu/oral%5fhistory/index.php?id=23566 or this simple oral history toolkit, with useful links to project in the North of England http://www.oralhistorynortheast.info/toolkit/chapter1.htm 7.,Sound editing skills Practical editing techniques including working with clips, editing sound and creating multi-track recordings. The freeware software Audacity is simple to use and there are a lot of online tutorials that cover the basics, for example, http://www.wikieducator.org/user:brentsimpson/collections/audacity_workshop 8.,Web page design and Google maps How to create a basic web page (placing pictures, text, hyperlinks, buttons) using design software (e.g. Dreamweaver). How to embed a Google map and add information points and routes. There is a great deal of online tutorials for web design, specific to the software you wish to use and Google maps can be used and embedded on websites free for non-profit use. http://maps.google.com/ 9,and 10. Individual or group project work (staff available for technical support) 11.,Presentations/reflection on practice Focus Questions 1What can sound tell us about the geographies of places? 2When you walk through a landscape, what traces of the past can be sensed? Now think about which elements of the past have been obliterated? Whose past has been silenced? Why? How could it be put back? 3Think of a personal or family story that is significant to you. In your imagination, locate the memory at a specific place. Tell a fellow student that story, and describe that place. Does it matter where it happened? How has thinking about that place made you feel? 4What happens when you present a memory of the past or a located vision of the future in a present landscape? How is this different to, say, writing about it in a book? 5Consider the area of this campus, or the streets immediately surrounding this building. Imagine this place in one of the following periods (each group picks one): ,,10,000 years ago ,,500 years ago ,,100 years ago ,,40 years ago ,,last Thursday ,,50 years time What sounds, voices, stories or images could help convey your interpretation of this place at that time? What would the visitor hear or see today at different points on a trail? Sketch out an outline map of a located media trail, and annotate with what you hear/see/sense at different places. Project Idea small group project: creating a located mediascape Each small group must create a located media experience, reflecting an aspect of the history/geography/culture of an area of their choosing, using the knowledge that they have acquired over the course of the semester. The experience may be as creative and imaginative as you wish, and may explore the past, present or future , or elements of each. Each group must: ,,identify an area of interest ,,research an aspect of the area of the groups choosing; this may involve visiting local archives, libraries, discussing the idea with local people, physically exploring the area ,,take photographs, video or decide on imagery (if necessary) ,,record sound, conduct interviews or script and record narration ,,design a route or matrix of media points The final project must be presented on a website, may embed Google maps, and a presentation created to allow the class to experience the mediascape (either in the classroom or on location, if convenient). The website should include a brief theoretical and methodological explanation of the basis of their interpretation. If the group cannot be supported with tuition and support in basic website design or using Google mapping with sound and imagery, a paper map with locations and a CD containing sound files/images might be submitted instead. For examples of web projects created by masters degree students of cultural geography at Royal Holloway (not all sound based) see http://www.gg.rhul.ac.uk/MA/web-projects.html [source] 6. LEARNERS, TEACHERS AND REFLECTION: IntroductionJOURNAL OF PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION, Issue 3-4 2008Article first published online: 22 JAN 200 [source] [Commentary] DATABASE LINKAGE: OUTSIDE REFLECTIONS ON HEALTH CARE INSIDE PRISONSADDICTION, Issue 7 2009SHEILA M. BIRD No abstract is available for this article. [source] FURTHER REFLECTIONS ON ,WHY SHOULD ADDICTION MEDICINE BE AN ATTRACTIVE FIELD FOR YOUNG PHYSICIANS?'ADDICTION, Issue 2 2009DAVID A. GORELICK No abstract is available for this article. [source] REFLECTIONS ON THE STATE OF CONSENSUS-BASED DECISION MAKING IN CHILD WELFAREFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 1 2009Bernie Mayer Consensus approaches to child protection decision making such as mediation and family group conferencing have become increasingly widespread since first initiated about 25 years ago. They address but are also constrained by paradoxes in the child protection system about commitments to protecting children and to family autonomy. In a series of surveys, interviews, and dialogues, mediation and conferencing researchers and practitioners discussed the key issues that face their work: clarity about purpose, system support, family empowerment, professional qualifications, and coordination among different types of consensus-building efforts. Consensus-based decision making in child protection will continue to expand and grow but will also continue to confront these challenges. [source] REFLECTIONS ON REGIONAL RESEARCH IN THE GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEWGEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 4 2010MARIE D. PRICE First page of article [source] REFLECTIONS ON CHARLES C. MANN'S 1491,GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, Issue 3 2006A YEAR BY MANY OTHER NAMES No abstract is available for this article. [source] RECONCILIATION AS A PNEUMATOLOGICAL MISSION PARADIGM: SOME PRELIMINARY REFLECTIONS BY AN ORTHODOXINTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MISSION, Issue 372 2005Petros Vassiliadis This article underlines the importance of reconciliation and healing in the life and mission of the church. It develops a new theology of mission that is no longer based on the old Christocentric uni-versalism but on a new trinitarian (i.e. pneumatological) understanding of the witness of the church. This is possible nowadays because of the reinforcement of pneumalology into missiologi-cal reflections, which together with the amazing expansion worldwide of the Pentecostal movement, determines the present day Christian mission. The article it based on the assumption that the Holy Spirit in both the biblical and patristic traditions is first and foremost eschatologically- (Acts 2:17ff) and communion- (2 Cor. 13:13) oriented. Since, however, a pneumatological approach of Christian mission cannot be received in the wider Christian constituency unless it is christologically conditioned, the article makes Christology its starting point. It argues that on the basis of Christ's teaching, life and work, the apostles were, and all Christians thereafter are commissioned to proclaim not a set of given reli-gious convict urns, doctrines and moral commands, but the coming kingdom. The message, therefore, is the good news of a new reality of full-scale reconciliation. From the epistemological point of view, the article builds upon the existence of two types of pneumatology in the history of the church. One type is "historical" and is more familiar in the West. It understands the Holy Spirit as fully dependent upon, and being the agent of Christ in order to fulfil the task of mission. The other type is "eschatological", and id more widespread in the East. It understands the Holy Spirit as the source of Christ, and the church in term more of ,coming together', i.e., as the eschatological synaxis of the people of God in hut Kingdom, than of ,going forth'for mission. Taking thu second type of pneumatology one step further, the article argues that mission in the conventional sense is the outcome and not the source of Christian theology. That is why for the Orthodox what constitutes the essence of the church is not her mission but the Eucharist, the divine Liturgy; the mission is the meta-liturgy, the Liturgy after the Liturgy. Nevertheless, reconciliation being the primary precondition of the Eucharist, it also automatically becomes a source of mission. [source] THE NATURE AND PURPOSE OF THE CHURCH: SOME REFLECTIONS,INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MISSION, Issue 358 2001William G. Rusch First page of article [source] CREATIVITY AND EVOLVING CONFUCIAN TRADITIONS: SOME REFLECTIONS ON EARLIER CENTURIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTSJOURNAL OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2006HOYT CLEVELAND TILLMAN [source] EDITORIAL: REFLECTIONS, GOALS, AND WORDS OF THANKSJOURNAL OF MARITAL AND FAMILY THERAPY, Issue 1 2005Ronald J. Chenail No abstract is available for this article. [source] SPECIAL TOPIC FORUM ON SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT: INTRODUCTION AND REFLECTIONS ON THE ROLE OF PURCHASING MANAGEMENT,JOURNAL OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, Issue 4 2009DANIEL R. KRAUSE This paper introduces a special topic forum on "Sustainable Supply Chain Management." Before introducing the papers included in the forum, the authors provide thoughts on the direction and future of sustainability research, particularly in the context of purchasing and supply chain management. The underlying premise that structures our discussion is straightforward: a company is no more sustainable than its supply chain. As such the purchasing function becomes central in a company's sustainability effort. In doing so, we reflect on the relationship between purchasing management and sustainable development by drawing from Kraljic's seminal article on how "Purchasing Must Become Supply Management." [source] "LONG LIVE THE WEEDS AND THE WILDERNESS YET": REFLECTIONS ON A SECULAR AGEMODERN THEOLOGY, Issue 3 2010STANLEY HAUERWAS While we are deeply appreciative of Taylor's A Secular Age, we nonetheless worry that his use of the immanent/transcendent duality may introduce a certain kind of Christian Constantinianism that he wants to disavow. In particular, we worry that the immanent/transcendent duality is far too formal in its character. In order to develop this concern, we draw on Talal Asad's account of the secular to suggest how liturgy may provide an alternative way of understanding as well as challenging Taylor's worries about "the immanent frame." [source] THE REMARKABLE SUCCESS OF A MISNAMED JOURNAL: REFLECTIONS ON TWENTY-FIVE YEARS OF MODERN THEOLOGYMODERN THEOLOGY, Issue 1 2010L. GREGORY JONES First page of article [source] XI. THE ROLE OF AFRICAN AMERICAN SCHOLARS IN RESEARCH ON AFRICAN AMERICAN CHILDREN: HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND PERSONAL REFLECTIONSMONOGRAPHS OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2006Vonnie C. McLloyd First page of article [source] GRACE AND NECESSITY: REFLECTIONS ON ART AND LOVE, edited by Rowan WilliamsNEW BLACKFRIARS, Issue 1012 2006MICHAEL LLOYD No abstract is available for this article. [source] REFLECTIONS ON NOTES OF SCHÖNFLIES AND ZERMELOPHILOSOPHICAL FORUM, Issue 1 2006HENRI POINCARÉ First page of article [source] INCOMMENSURABILITY, RELATIVISM, SCEPTICISM: REFLECTIONS ON ACQUIRING A CONCEPTRATIO, Issue 2 2008Nathaniel Goldberg Some opponents of the incommensurability thesis, such as Davidson and Rorty, have argued that the very idea of incommensurability is incoherent and that the existence of alternative and incommensurable conceptual schemes is a conceptual impossibility. If true, this refutes Kuhnian relativism and Kantian scepticism in one fell swoop. For Kuhnian relativism depends on the possibility of alternative, humanly accessible conceptual schemes that are incommensurable with one another, and the Kantian notion of a realm of unknowable things-in-themselves gives rise to the possibility of humanly inaccessible schemes that are incommensurable with even our best current or future science. In what follows we argue that the possibility of incommensurability of either the Kuhnian or the Kantian variety is inescapable and that this conclusion is forced upon us by a simple consideration of what is involved in acquiring a concept. It turns out that the threats from relativism and scepticism are real, and that anyone, including Davidson himself, who has ever defended an account of concept acquisition is committed to one or the other of these two possibilities.1 [source] ,BACK TO THE ROUGH GROUND!' WITTGENSTEINIAN REFLECTIONS ON RATIONALITY AND REASONRATIO, Issue 4 2007Jane Heal Wittgenstein does not talk much explicitly about reason as a general concept, but this paper aims to sketch some thoughts which might fit his later outlook and which are suggested by his approach to language. The need for some notions in the area of ,reason' and ,rationality' are rooted in our ability to engage in discursive and persuasive linguistic exchanges. But because such exchanges can (as Wittgenstein emphasises) be so various, we should expect the notions to come in many versions, shaped by history and culture. Awareness of this variety, and of the distinctive elements of our own Western European history, may provide some defence against the temptation of conceptions, such as that of ,perfect rationality', which operate in unhelpfully simplified and idealised terms. [source] NO FEAR OF FOUNDATIONS: REFLECTIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS IN CONTEMPORARY JEWISH PHILOSOPHYTHE HEYTHROP JOURNAL, Issue 6 2009ALAN MITTLEMAN First page of article [source] ON MISREADING AND MISLEADING PATIENTS: SOME REFLECTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, MISCOMMUNICATIONS AND COUNTERTRANSFERENCE ENACTMENTS,THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOANALYSIS, Issue 4 2001Theodore J. Jacobs This author focuses on an aspect of transference countertransference interaction that enacted covertly is often overlooked. He argues that conflicts, needs and biases that may go undetected for lengthy periods of time are not infrequently contained within the analyst's accurate and technically correct interventions and that for defensive reasons, patients often suppress, deny or rationalise their accurate perceptions of these countertransference elements and fail to confront their analysts with them. The mistakes, miscommunications and misperceptions that arise as a consequence of the unconscious collusions that develop between patient and analyst can have a profound effect on the analytic work. Several clinical examples are presented to illustrate the operation of such covert communications in analysis and their impact on the treatment process. [source] CHRONICALLY UNSTABLE BODIES: REFLECTIONS ON AMAZONIAN CORPORALITIESTHE JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE, Issue 3 2005Aparecida Vilaça Based on ethnographic material relating to the Wari' (Rondônia, Brazil), this article questions some of the presuppositions concerning native conceptions of the body present in contemporary anthropological literature by exploring a central dimension of Amazonian corporality , one that has been little explored in ethnographic works on the region , its unstable and transformational character. This dimension only becomes evident when our analysis presumes an expanded notion of humanity , first called to our attention by authors such as Lévy-Bruhl and Leenhardt , that includes not only those beings we think of as humans, but also other subjectivities such as animals and spirits. Central to the problem's development is a discussion of the relations between body and soul, humanity and corporality. [source] REASONS-RESPONSIVENESS, ALTERNATIVE POSSIBILITIES, AND MANIPULATION ARGUMENTS AGAINST COMPATIBILISM: REFLECTIONS ON JOHN MARTIN FISCHER'S MY WAY.ANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 3 2006Derk Pereboom First page of article [source] REFERENCE AND INTENTIONALITY: REFLECTIONS ON WETTSTEIN'S MAGIC PRISMANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 1 2006Robin Jeshion First page of article [source] THE CURRENT AND FUTURE ROLE OF AEHR: EDITORIAL REFLECTIONSAUSTRALIAN ECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 2 2004Pierre Van Der Eng First page of article [source] ABDICATION OF A FATHER: SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE FREUD,JUNG CORRESPONDENCE1BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTHERAPY, Issue 3 2008James V. Fisher abstract This paper explores one dimension of the complex relationship linking Freud and Jung as revealed in their correspondence between 1906 and 1912. It focuses on Freud's adoption of Jung as his heir, particularly in terms of his repeated proposal to Jung ,to continue and complete my work by applying to psychoses what I have begun with neuroses'. The paper tracks the fate of this proposal in the words of these two men and suggests that the ambivalence of both can be seen as an expression of an unconscious dynamic portrayed in Shakespeare's King Lear, a dynamic characterized by the author as the developmental task of ,heriting'. Emma Jung captured the heart of the dilemma of ,heriting' in her question to Freud: ,Doesn't one often give much because one wants to keep much?' Although the trajectory of the heritage Freud sought for his ,adopted eldest son', ,crown prince' and ,successor' was not the same as that of the tragedy of Lear, it was no less poignant in its tensions and disappointments , even for a time in its reversal of the ,heriting', and finally in the disintegration of the relationship. [source] Conservation, Neoliberalism, and Social Science: a Critical Reflection on the SCB 2007 Annual Meeting in South AfricaCONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Bram E. Büscher No abstract is available for this article. [source] Virtue and Reflection: The "Antinomies of Moral Philosophy"CONSTELLATIONS: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRITICAL AND DEMOCRATIC THEORY, Issue 1 2005Christoph Menke First page of article [source] Resident Portfolio: Breaking Trust,A Reflection on Confidentiality and MinorsACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 12 2006Jennifer Acciani MD No abstract is available for this article. [source] Theology is not Mere Sociology: A Theological Reflection on the Reception of the Christian Religion in Mainland ChinaDIALOG, Issue 3 2004By Pilgrim W.K. Abstract:, Post-Maoist China retains its loyalty to Marxist principles; yet voices are being heard that interpret religion much more positively. Both government spokespersons and Religious Studies scholars measure the value of religion according to its social function. Such a criterion of evaluation fails to take account of what is essential to Christian theology, namely, appeal to divine transcendence. Yet, Christian theology in the tradition of the Lutheran Reformation begins with transcendence and turns toward human responsibility for the world through loving the neighbor. This may mark a common cause between Chinese sociology of religion and Christian commitments to social well-being. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||