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Reduced Branching (reduced + branching)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Life Sciences75%

Selected Abstracts

Response of Trifolium repens to a mosaic of bare and vegetated patches

PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2000
Lizelotte Leeflang
Abstract In herbaceous vegetation, plants are subjected to a spatial heterogeneous distribution of light. Trifolium repens was tested on its ability to avoid vegetated patches by change of stolon growth direction, reduced branching or reduced growth. Treatments consisted of a no grass control, grass on the west side and grass on the north side. When Trifolium was growing beside a grass patch on the west side, plants reduced branching but did not change direction nor was there reduced growth in stolons that were growing towards/in the vegetated patch compared to the control plants. When the grass patch was situated to the north of the plant, plants did not show reduced branching except of the primary stolon, nor was there change of growth direction or reduced growth. The biomass and number of ramets were reduced in the vegetated patch of the west treatment and the patch adjacent to the grass patch. In the north treatment biomass and number of ramets were only reduced in the vegetated patch. Compared to the control, total plant biomass was reduced in the west-grass-patch treatment but not in the north-grass-patch treatment. Reduced branching near grass patches could be an added mechanism by which to avoid vegetated patches; it is not very effective, however, because biomass production did not increase in the open patches but was only reduced in the vegetated patches. [source]

Elucidation of Architectural Requirements from a Spacer in Supported Proline-Based Catalysts of Enantioselective Aldol Reaction

ADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 1-2 2009
Kerem Goren
Abstract In order to delineate the properties of the spacer architecture responsible for the strong positive dendritic effect exhibited by polymer-supported proline-based catalysts, we prepared two series of polystyrene-bound model catalysts. The first series was based on a linear and partially dendritic spacers (of reduced branching and valency) imitating the length of the second generation spacer, while the second series was based on the first generation dendron spacer with one functional (proline-terminated) and one non-functional arm. Comparative studies of the model and original (fully dendritic) catalysts in the asymmetric aldol reaction of aromatic aldehydes with acetone disclose the features characteristic to the dendritic architecture, such as proximity between the terminal catalytic units and enhanced branching, as crucial for inducing higher yield and enantioselectivity in catalysis. [source]

Disease resistance conferred by the expression of a gene encoding a synthetic peptide in transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) plants

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, Issue 6 2005
Kanniah Rajasekaran
Summary Fertile, transgenic cotton plants expressing the synthetic antimicrobial peptide, D4E1, were produced through Agrobacterium -mediated transformation. PCR products and Southern blots confirmed integration of the D4E1 gene, while RT-PCR of cotton RNA confirmed the presence of D4E1 transcripts. In vitro assays with crude leaf protein extracts from T0 and T1 plants confirmed that D4E1 was expressed at sufficient levels to inhibit the growth of Fusarium verticillioides and Verticillium dahliae compared to extracts from negative control plants transformed with pBI-d35S,- uidA-nos (CGUS). Although in vitro assays did not show control of pre-germinated spores of Aspergillus flavus, bioassays with cotton seeds in situ or in planta, inoculated with a GFP-expressing A. flavus, indicated that the transgenic cotton seeds inhibited extensive colonization and spread by the fungus in cotyledons and seed coats. In planta assays with the fungal pathogen, Thielaviopsis basicola, which causes black root rot in cotton, showed typical symptoms such as black discoloration and constriction on hypocotyls, reduced branching of roots in CGUS negative control T1 seedlings, while transgenic T1 seedlings showed a significant reduction in disease symptoms and increased seedling fresh weight, demonstrating tolerance to the fungal pathogen. Significant advantages of synthetic peptides in developing transgenic crop plants that are resistant to diseases and mycotoxin-causing fungal pathogens are highlighted in this report. [source]

Response of Trifolium repens to a mosaic of bare and vegetated patches

PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY, Issue 1 2000
Lizelotte Leeflang
Abstract In herbaceous vegetation, plants are subjected to a spatial heterogeneous distribution of light. Trifolium repens was tested on its ability to avoid vegetated patches by change of stolon growth direction, reduced branching or reduced growth. Treatments consisted of a no grass control, grass on the west side and grass on the north side. When Trifolium was growing beside a grass patch on the west side, plants reduced branching but did not change direction nor was there reduced growth in stolons that were growing towards/in the vegetated patch compared to the control plants. When the grass patch was situated to the north of the plant, plants did not show reduced branching except of the primary stolon, nor was there change of growth direction or reduced growth. The biomass and number of ramets were reduced in the vegetated patch of the west treatment and the patch adjacent to the grass patch. In the north treatment biomass and number of ramets were only reduced in the vegetated patch. Compared to the control, total plant biomass was reduced in the west-grass-patch treatment but not in the north-grass-patch treatment. Reduced branching near grass patches could be an added mechanism by which to avoid vegetated patches; it is not very effective, however, because biomass production did not increase in the open patches but was only reduced in the vegetated patches. [source]