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Recurrent Pneumonia (recurrent + pneumonia)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Risk factors for the development of bronchiectasis in HIV-infected children

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 10 2007
David M. Berman DO
Abstract Our objective was to describe the risk factors for the development of bronchiectasis in HIV-1 infected children. This study was a retrospective, case controlled study based upon medical record review of HIV-1 infected children receiving primary care at a single large, urban medical center in Miami, Florida. Cases (HIV-1 infected children who developed bronchiectasis while being cared for between January 1982 and September 2000) were matched 1:3 (birth,±,24 months) with controls (HIV-1 infected children without bronchiectasis). Variables analyzed including number of episodes of pneumonia (including Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonitis [PCP], lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis (LIP), and CDC category of immunosuppression) were noted in both cases and controls until the age at which the cases developed bronchiectasis. Of the 749 patients whose charts were reviewed, 43 met the case definition for bronchiectasis and 19 met the eligibility criteria for this study. Fifty-seven controls were randomly selected from the patients without bronchiectasis. Cases were more likely to have experienced recurrent pneumonia than the controls; 17 (89.5%) versus 5 children (8.8%) respectively (P -value ,0.001) as well as a greater mean number of episodes of pneumonia 8.2 (range, 4,13) versus 1.45 (range, 0,9) respectively (CI,=,(5.58,7.82); P -value ,0.001). Cases were more likely to have progressed to CDC immunological category 3 than the controls; 19 (100%) versus 32 (56%) children respectively (P -value <0.001). LIP occurred more frequently in the cases than in the controls; 14/19 (73.6%) versus 19/57 (33.3%), respectively (P -value,=,0.005). HIV-1 infected children with a history of recurrent pneumonia, profound immuno-suppression (CDC immunologic category 3), and LIP appear to have a higher risk of developing bronchiectasis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:871,875. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Endobronchial foreign bodies in Vietnamese adults are related to eating habits

RESPIROLOGY, Issue 3 2010
Lan Huu NGUYEN
ABSTRACT Background and objective: A high percentage of bronchoscopically extracted foreign bodies in Ho Chi Minh City were pits of the sapote fruit, a finding previously unreported. This paper presents a review of foreign body extractions, which identifies the substances found, documents the diagnostic pathway and draws attention to the specific aspiration risk of the sapote pit. Methods: The records of 100 consecutive adults who were found to have a bronchial foreign body during flexible bronchoscopy were reviewed. Results: In 83% of patients, the foreign body extraction was performed more than 2 weeks after the aspiration had occurred. In only 34% of patients was the diagnosis of an aspirated foreign body considered early in the patient's clinical course. The most frequent foreign bodies found were sapote pits (41%), followed by small bones (38%). Foreign bodies were lodged more frequently in the right bronchial tree (64%). In 98% of patients, the foreign bodies were successfully removed with the flexible scope. There was one postoperative death, which was not ascribed to the procedure. Conclusions: Physicians need to consider foreign body aspirations when evaluating patients with recurrent pneumonia, unexplained cough or atelectasis. Awareness of this problem might lead to public health measures that could reduce the incidence of these aspirations. [source]

Communicating oesophageal duplication cyst with heterotopic pancreatic tissue , an unusual cause of recurrent pneumonia in an infant

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 9 2010
Preena Uppal
Abstract Communicating oesophageal duplication cyst with heterotopic pancreatic tissue is rare congenital anomaly and unusual cause of recurrent pneumonia in children. We report a 10-month-old boy who presented with history, examination and investigations suggestive of aspiration pneumonia since birth. The imaging studies revealed a thin walled cavity communicating with the oesophageal lumen that was excised by surgery. Histopathology showed squamous epithelial lining of cyst with heterotopic pancreatic tissue. Conclusion:, Communicating oesophageal cyst causing persistent signs and symptoms can be an unusual cause of recurrent pneumonia in an infant that can be diagnosed by further imaging studies. [source]