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Reactor System (reactor + system)
Selected AbstractsHigh-Throughput Synthesis of New Ni(II), Pd(II), and Co(II) Catalysts and Polymerization of Norbornene Utilizing the Self-Made Parallel Polymerization Reactor SystemMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 1 2004Hyun Yong Cho Abstract Summary: We report the development of new Ni(II), Pd(II), and Co(II) catalysts containing ligands of pyrazolylpyridine derivatives by combinatorial and high-throughput synthesis technology. Vinyl type polynorbornene was polymerized utilizing the self-made parallel polymerization reactor system. The Ni(II) catalyst 1 has a polymerization activity of 266.7 kgpolymer,·,molcat,1,·,h,1. We introduce a fast way to conduct catalyst synthesis and high-throughput screening for polymerization. The self-made parallel polymerization reactor system. [source] Polymer-Supported Palladium Catalyzed Suzuki,Miyaura Reactions in Batch and a Mini-Continuous Flow Reactor System.CHEMINFORM, Issue 15 2006Nam T. S. Phan Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF. [source] A Simpler Approach to Population Balance Modeling in Predicting the Performance of Ziegler-Natta Catalyzed Gas-Phase Olefin Polymerization Reactor SystemsMACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING, Issue 2-3 2009Randhir Rawatlal Abstract In this work, an alternative formulation of the Population Balance Model (PBM) is proposed to simplify the mathematical structure of the reactor model. The method is based on the segregation approach applied to the recently developed unsteady state residence time distribution (RTD). It is shown that the model can predict the performance of a reactor system under unsteady flow and composition conditions. Case studies involving time-varying catalyst flowrates, reactor temperature and reactor pressure were simulated and found to predict reactor performance with reasonable accuracy. The model was used to propose a grade transition strategy that could reduce transition time by as much as two hours. [source] Stabilized and Immobilized Bacillus subtilis Arginase for the Biobased Production of Nitrogen-Containing ChemicalsADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 9 2010Abstract L -Ornithine could serve as an intermediate in the biobased production of 1,4-diaminobutane from L -arginine. Using the concept of biorefinery, L -arginine could become widely available from biomass waste streams via the nitrogen storage polypeptide cyanophycin. Selective hydrolysis of L -arginine to L -ornithine is difficult to perform chemically, therefore the stabilization and immobilization of Bacillus subtilis arginase (EC,3.5.3.1) was studied in a continuously stirred membrane reactor system. Initial pH of the substrate solution, addition of L -aspartic acid and reducing agents all appeared to have an effect on the operational stability of B. subtilis arginase. A remarkably good operational stability (total turnover number, TTN=1.13,108) at the pH of arginine free base (pH,11.0) was observed, which was further improved with the addition of sodium dithionite to the substrate solution (TTN>1,109). B. subtilis arginase was successfully immobilized on three commercially available epoxy-activated supports. Immobilization on Sepabeads EC-EP was most promising, resulting in a recovered activity of 75% and enhanced thermostability. In conclusion, the stabilization and immobilization of B. subtilis arginase has opened up possibilities for its application in the biobased production of nitrogen-containing chemicals as an alternative to the petrochemical production. [source] Characterization of a photocatalytic reaction in a continuous-flow recirculation reactor systemJOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Fumihide Shiraishi Abstract A continuous-flow recirculation mode, generally called a recycle mode, is known to be practically meaningless except when the reactant is separated from the product at the reactor exit or when the reaction is autocatalytic, because when simply circulating a small amount of the fluid containing a reactant, the reactant concentration in this mode is lowered due to mixing of the fluid at the reactor entrance, leading to a decrease in the conversion at the reactor exit. This mode may, however, be meaningful in photocatalytic reactions with very large film-diffusional resistance. To indicate the validity of this estimation, therefore, characteristics of a continuous-flow recirculation reactor have been investigated both theoretically and experimentally. As a result, it is found that by increasing the circulation flow rate the conversion and productivity in this reactor is higher than that in a continuous-flow reactor because the film-diffusional resistance is remarkably reduced. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry [source] OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF ISOMALTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES PRODUCTIONJOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 3 2009M.C. RABELO ABSTRACT Glucosyltransferases can be applied in the synthesis of prebiotic oligosaccharides. Enzymatic synthesis using acceptors can be used to obtain these carbohydrates. When maltose is the acceptor, oligosaccharides containing one maltose moiety and up to eight glucose units linked by ,-1,6-glycosidic bonds are obtained as the product of dextransucrase acceptor reaction. In this work, the enzymatic synthesis of isomalto-oligosaccharides using dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F was optimized by response surface methodology. The effect of maltose and sucrose concentrations on the acceptor reaction was evaluated in a batch reactor system. Partially purified enzyme was used to reduce the enzyme purification cost. The results showed that high sucrose concentrations in conjunction with high maltose levels enhanced the isomalto-oligosaccharide synthesis. A productivity of 42.95 mmol/L.h of isomalto-oligosaccharides was obtained at the optimal operating condition (100 mmol/L of sucrose and 200 mmol/L of maltose). PRATICAL APPLICATIONS Oligosaccharides as prebiotic have a large application in food formulations, and their beneficial role in human health have been extensively studied. Although the acceptor mechanism of dextransucrase has already been extensively studied, an industrial process has not been developed yet for enzyme synthesis of isomalto-oligosaccharide. The process studied in this work allows the large-scale preparation of isomalto-oligosaccharide using partially purified enzyme. [source] Millisecond catalytic reforming of monoaromatics over noble metalsAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 4 2010C. M. Balonek Abstract The millisecond autothermal reforming of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, cumene, and styrene were independently studied over five noble metal-based catalysts: Pt, Rh, Rh/,-Al2O3, Rh,Ce, and Rh,Ce/,-Al2O3, as a function of carbon-to-oxygen feed ratio. The Rh,Ce/,-Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest feedstock conversion as well as selectivities to both synthesis gas and hydrocarbon products (lowest selectivities to H2O and CO2). Experimental results demonstrate a high stability of aromatic rings within the reactor system. Benzene and toluene seem to react primarily heterogeneously, producing only syngas and combustion products. Ethylbenzene and cumene behaved similarly, with higher conversions than benzene and toluene, and high product selectivity to styrene, likely due to homogeneous reactions involving their alkyl groups. Styrene exhibited low conversions over Rh,Ce/,-Al2O3, emphasizing the stability of styrene in the reactor system. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009 [source] Oxygen delignification kinetics: CSTR and batch reactor comparisonAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 10 2007Yun Ji Abstract In the past, oxygen delignification studies were mostly performed in batch reactors, whereby the caustic and dissolved oxygen concentrations are changing during the reaction. Also the lignin content and cellulose degradation of the pulp are only established at the end of an experiment when the sample is removed from the reactor. To overcome these deficiencies, a differential reactor system (called Berty reactor) has been adopted. In this continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), the dissolved oxygen concentration and the alkali concentration in the feed are kept constant, and the rate of lignin removal is determined from the dissolved lignin concentration in the outflow stream measured by UV,vis spectroscopy. The delignification rate is found to be first-order in HexA-free residual lignin content. The delignification rate reaction order in [NaOH] and oxygen pressure are 0.412 ± 0.060 and 0.305 ± 0.260 respectively. The activation energy is 54.5 ± 6.8 kJ/mol. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007 [source] High-Throughput Synthesis of New Ni(II), Pd(II), and Co(II) Catalysts and Polymerization of Norbornene Utilizing the Self-Made Parallel Polymerization Reactor SystemMACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Issue 1 2004Hyun Yong Cho Abstract Summary: We report the development of new Ni(II), Pd(II), and Co(II) catalysts containing ligands of pyrazolylpyridine derivatives by combinatorial and high-throughput synthesis technology. Vinyl type polynorbornene was polymerized utilizing the self-made parallel polymerization reactor system. The Ni(II) catalyst 1 has a polymerization activity of 266.7 kgpolymer,·,molcat,1,·,h,1. We introduce a fast way to conduct catalyst synthesis and high-throughput screening for polymerization. The self-made parallel polymerization reactor system. [source] A Simpler Approach to Population Balance Modeling in Predicting the Performance of Ziegler-Natta Catalyzed Gas-Phase Olefin Polymerization Reactor SystemsMACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING, Issue 2-3 2009Randhir Rawatlal Abstract In this work, an alternative formulation of the Population Balance Model (PBM) is proposed to simplify the mathematical structure of the reactor model. The method is based on the segregation approach applied to the recently developed unsteady state residence time distribution (RTD). It is shown that the model can predict the performance of a reactor system under unsteady flow and composition conditions. Case studies involving time-varying catalyst flowrates, reactor temperature and reactor pressure were simulated and found to predict reactor performance with reasonable accuracy. The model was used to propose a grade transition strategy that could reduce transition time by as much as two hours. [source] Design and Implementation of a Novel Quench Flow Reactor for the Study of Nascent Olefin PolymerisationMACROMOLECULAR REACTION ENGINEERING, Issue 2 2007Audrey Di Martino Abstract A novel stopped flow reactor system is described in the current work, along with the underlying design philosophy. While the concept of stopped flow technology is not recent, this system is the first to be designed with the objective of studying particle morphology, and to work at extremely short (40 ms) residence times. It is shown that traditional chemical engineering principles are required to properly design and operate this type of reactor, and that when correctly design, it is a very flexible tool for the study of nascent polymerisation of olefins. [source] Feasible compositions for random copolymerizations,POLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, Issue 2 2001Raymond L. Smith Using the attainable region approach, feasible compositions and conversions for random copolymers are determined, along with altermatives for the related reactor configurations. This analysis attempts to find all of the possible compositions that can be produced by any system of reactros and mixing. The average copolymer compositions are bounded by the feed composition and the instantaneous copolymer composition produced at the initial conditions. Since the instantaneous copolymer composition can be found through the Mayo-Lewis equation, that case and the feed composition mark the limiting feasible compositions. The results can also be used to determine the range of feed compositions for which a specific copolymer product composition is possible. If the addition of monomer at any point in the reactor system is possible, e.g., by side-feeding, the analysis indicates that any desired copolymer composition can be obtained. [source] Biological treatment of milk processing wastewater in a sequencing batch flexible fibre biofilm reactorASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 5 2009Mohamed Abdulgader Abstract Biological treatment of dairy wastewater was investigated using a laboratory scale aerobic sequencing batch flexible fibre biofilm reactor (SBFFBR). The SBFFBR system was modified from a typical sequencing batch reactor system by using eight flexible fibre bundles with a very high specific surface area, which served as support for microorganisms. The reactor was operated under different influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations (610, 2041 and 4382 mg l,1) and constant hydraulic retention times of 1.6 days. The results have shown successful applicability of the SBFFBR system to treat this dairy wastewater. High COD removal efficiencies between 89.7 and 97% were achieved at average organic loading rates of 0.4 and 2.74 kg COD m,3 d,1, respectively. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A simulated auto-thermal membrane reformer process for a PEM fuel cell micro cogeneration unitASIA-PACIFIC JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2009Dr. Atilla Ersöz Abstract There are several methods of producing hydrogen-rich gas from fossil resources such as natural gas or naphtha, for example, steam reforming, partial oxidation and auto-thermal reforming. In this paper, an integrated ATR membrane reactor system was simulated. The effect of operating parameters on the product distribution, fuel cell hydrogen utilization and the net electric efficiency of the overall system were discussed. The overall system was integrated with a 1-kWe PEM fuel cell. The ASPEN-HYSIS 3.2 software has been utilized for the simulations and calculations of the fuel processing reactions. Natural gas fuel has been used as feedstock and applied to the simulated flow-sheet model. It was desired to produce hydrogen-rich gas with a low CO formation using an autothermal membrane reformer. A very low CO content with higher content of hydrogen was provided by the membrane reformer, eliminating the use of the conventional preferential oxidation (PrOx) reactor. Different combinations of TATR, S/C, O2/C ratios and UH2 have been parametrically studied. Fuel processing efficiency and net electrical efficiency of all selected operating conditions have been calculated as well. Results indicate that the system parameters are very critical for the appropriate operation of the residential cogeneration system with ATR membrane unit. Copyright © 2009 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Anaerobic digestion as final step of a cellulosic ethanol biorefinery: Biogas production from fermentation effluent in a UASB reactor,pilot-scale resultsBIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING, Issue 1 2010H. Uellendahl Abstract In order to lower the costs for second generation bioethanol from lignocellulosic biomass anaerobic digestion of the effluent from ethanol fermentation was implemented using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor system in a pilot-scale biorefinery plant. Both thermophilic (53°C) and mesophilic (38°C) operation of the UASB reactor was investigated. At an OLR of 3.5,kg-VS/(m3,day) a methane yield of 340,L/kg-VS was achieved for thermophilic operation (53°C) while 270,L/kg-VS was obtained under mesophilic conditions (38°C). For loading rates higher than 5,kg-VS/(m3,day) the methane yields were, however, higher under mesophilic conditions compared to thermophilic conditions. The conversion of dissolved organic matter (VSdiss) was between 68% and 91%. The effluent from the ethanol fermentation showed no signs of toxicity to the anaerobic microorganisms. However, a high content of suspended matter reduced the degradation efficiency. The retention time of the anaerobic system could be reduced from 70 to 7,h by additional removal of suspended matter by clarification. Implementation of the biogas production from the fermentation effluent accounted for about 30% higher carbon utilization in the biorefinery compared to a system with only bioethanol production. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 59,64. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Purification of bioethanol effluent in an UASB reactor system with simultaneous biogas formationBIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING, Issue 1 2003M. Torry-Smith In this study, the prospect of using an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor for detoxification of process water derived from bioethanol production has been investigated. The bioethanol effluent (BEE) originated from wet oxidized wheat straw fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Thermoanaerobacter mathranii A3M4 to produce ethanol from glucose and xylose, respectively. In batch experiments the methane potential of BEE was determined to 529 mL-CH4/g-VS. In batch degradation experiments it was shown that the presence of BEE had a positive influence on the removal of the inhibitors 2-furoic acid, 4-hydroxyacetophenone, and acetovanillone as compared to conversion of the inhibitors as sole substrate in synthetic media. Furthermore, experiments were carried out treating BEE in a laboratory-scale UASB reactor. The results showed a Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal of 80% (w/w) at an organic loading rate of 29 g-COD/(L · d). GC analysis of the lignocellulosic related potentially inhibitory compounds 2-furoic acid, vanillic acid, homovanillic acid, acetovanillone, syringic acid, acetosyringone, syringol, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde showed that all of these compounds were removed from the BEE in the reactor. Implementation of a UASB purification step was found to be a promising approach to detoxify process water from bioethanol production allowing for recirculation of the process water and reduced production costs. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 84: 7,12, 2003. [source] A multiparallel bioreactor for the cultivation of mammalian cells in a 3D-ceramic matrixBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 2 2010Vicky Goralczyk Abstract For adherently growing cells, cultivation is limited by the provided growth surface. Excellent surface-to-volume ratios are found in highly porous matrices, which have to face the challenge of nutrient supply inside the matrices' caverns. Therefore, perfusion strategies are recommended which often have to deal with the need of developing an encompassing bioreactor periphery. We present a modular bioreactor system based on a porous ceramic matrix that enables the supply of cells with oxygen and nutrients by perfusion. The present version of the reactor system focuses on simple testing of various inoculation and operation modes. Moreover, it can be used to efficiently test different foam structures. Protocols are given to set-up the system together with handling procedures for long-time cultivation of a CHO cell line. Experimental results confirm vital growth of cells inside the matrices' caverns. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010 [source] Downstream Processing of Enzymatically Produced Geranyl GlucosideBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 5 2001B. Mattheus de Roode Geraniol plays an important role in the fragrance and flavor industry. The corresponding glucoside has interesting properties as a "slow release" aroma compound. Therefore, the enzymatic production and downstream processing of geranyl glucoside were investigated. Geranyl glucoside was produced in a spray column reactor with an initial production rate of 0.58 mg U,1 h,1. A pretreated hydrophobic microfiltration membrane was used to prevent migration of the aqueous, enzyme-containing phase to the downstream process. No retention of the glucoside, which accumulated in the geraniol phase, was found. On the basis of examples from the literature, four downstream processes were tested on their viability for this system. Extraction with water and foaming were not suitable to recover geranyl glucoside from geraniol. In the first case, the glucoside selectivity for the geraniol phase was found to be high, which made extraction with water unsuccessful. In the second case it was possible to obtain a stable foam, but significant enrichment of the foam with glucoside did not occur. Adsorption on alumina and distillation under reduced pressure were applied successfully and tested in-line with the bioreactor. A maximum glucoside adsorption of 7.86 mg g,1 was achieved on alumina. After desorption and evaporation of the extractant the pure glucoside was obtained quantitatively. A pure product could not be obtained after distillation because a small amount of glucose was present in the permeate as well, which accumulated in the bottom fraction. It was shown that with this reactor system a production of 1 kg of geranyl glucoside in 2 days is possible using an initial amount of 50,000 units of enzyme. [source] Co-current and Countercurrent Configurations for a Membrane Dual Type Methanol ReactorCHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 1 2008R. Rahimpour Abstract A dynamic model for a membrane dual-type methanol reactor was developed in the presence of catalyst deactivation. This reactor is a shell and tube type where the first reactor is cooled with cooling water and the second one with feed synthesis gas. In this reactor system, the wall of the tubes in the gas-cooled reactor is covered with a palladium-silver membrane which is only permeable to hydrogen. Hydrogen can penetrate from the feed synthesis gas side into the reaction side due to the hydrogen partial pressure driving force. Hydrogen permeation through the membrane shifts the reaction towards the product side according to the thermodynamic equilibrium. Moreover, the performance of the reactor was investigated when the reaction gas side and feed gas side streams are continuously either co-current or countercurrent. Comparison between co-current and countercurrent mode in terms of temperature, activity, methanol production rate as well as permeation rate of hydrogen through the membrane shows that the reactor in co-current configuration operates with lower conversion and also lower permeation rate of hydrogen but with longer catalyst life than does the reactor in countercurrent configuration. [source] A Microfluidic Approach to the Rapid Screening of Palladium-Catalysed Aminocarbonylation ReactionsADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 18 2009Philip Abstract The evaluation and selection of the most appropriate catalyst for a chemical transformation is an important process in many areas of synthetic chemistry. Conventional catalyst screening involving batch reactor systems can be both time-consuming and expensive, resulting in a large number of individual chemical reactions. Continuous flow microfluidic reactors are increasingly viewed as a powerful alternative format for reacting and processing larger numbers of small-scale reactions in a rapid, more controlled and safer fashion. In this study we demonstrate the use of a planar glass microfluidic reactor for performing the three-component palladium-catalysed aminocarbonylation reaction of iodobenzene, benzylamine and carbon monoxide to form N -benzylbenzamide, and screen a series of palladium catalysts over a range of temperatures. N -Benzylbenzamide product yields for this reaction were found to be highly dependent on the nature of the catalyst and reaction temperature. The majority of catalysts gave good to high yields under typical flow conditions at high temperatures (150,°C), however the palladium(II) chloride-Xantphos complex [PdCl2(Xantphos)] proved to be far superior as a catalyst at lower temperatures (75,120,°C). The utilised method was found to be an efficent and reliable way for screening a large number of palladium-catalysed carbonylation reactions and may prove useful in screening other gas/liquid phase reactions. [source] On-line monitoring and fingerprint technology: new tools for the development of new catalysts and polyolefin materialsMACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA, Issue 1 2004Arno Tuchbreiter Abstract The High-Output Polymer Screening (HOPS) combines process-relevant automated reactor systems and rapid polymer characterization with on-line polymerization monitoring and automated data acquisition ("electronic notebook") in order to make effective use of advanced data mining tools. This has led to the development of fingerprint technology based upon correlations between spectroscopic data and polymerization process conditions, catalyst compositions, as well as polymer end-use properties. Infrared spectroscopic fingerprints proved to be very useful for accelerating polymer analyses including characterization of polymer molecular architectures as well as non-destructive testing of the mechanical, thermal and other end-use polymer properties. Such spectroscopic fingerprints represent important components of effective on-line quality control systems. With ATR-FT-IR probes on-line monitoring of catalytic olefin copolymerization was performed in solution to measure in real time copolymerization kinetics, catalyst productivities, catalyst deactivation as well as copolymerization parameters and copolymer sequence distributions. Monomer consumption and comonomer incorporation were monitored simultaneously. Advanced fingerprint technology can reduce significantly the need for time- and money consuming polymer testing and can also stimulate the search for new catalyst systems and polymeric materials. [source] Bioproduction of the aroma compound 2-Phenylethanol in a solid,liquid two-phase partitioning bioreactor system by Kluyveromyces marxianusBIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING, Issue 2 2009Fang Gao Abstract The rose-like aroma compound 2-phenylethanol (2-PE) is an important fragrance and flavor ingredient. Several yeast strains are able to convert l -phenylalanine (l -phe) to 2-PE among which Kluyveromyces marxianus has shown promising results. The limitation of this process is the low product concentration and productivity primarily due to end product inhibition. This study explored the possibility and benefits of using a solid,liquid Two-Phase Partition Bioreactor (TPPB) system as an in situ product removal technique. The system applies polymer beads as the sequestering immiscible phase to partition 2-PE and reduce the aqueous 2-PE concentration to non-inhibitory levels. Among six polymers screened for extracting 2-PE, Hytrel® 8206 performed best with a partition coefficient of 79. The desired product stored in the polymer was ultimately extracted using methanol. A 3,L working volume solid,liquid batch mode TPPB using 500,g Hytrel® as the sequestering phase generated a final overall 2-PE concentration of 13.7,g/L, the highest reported in the current literature. This was based on a polymer phase concentration of 88.74,g/L and aqueous phase concentration of 1.2,g/L. Even better results were achieved via contact with more polymers (approximately 900,g) with the aqueous phase applying a semi-continuous reactor configuration. In this system, a final 2-PE concentration (overall) of 20.4,g/L was achieved with 1.4,g/L in the aqueous and 97,g/L in the polymer phase. The overall productivities of these two reactor systems were 0.38 and 0.43,g/L,h, respectively. This is the first report in the literature of the use of a polymer sequestering phase to enhance the bioproduction of 2-PE, and exceeds the performance of two-liquid phase systems in terms of productivity as well as ease of operation (no emulsions) and ultimate product recovery. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 332,339 © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Dynamic Metabolic Modeling for a MAB BioprocessBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 1 2007Jianying Gao Production of monoclonal antibodies (MAb) for diagnostic or therapeutic applications has become an important task in the pharmaceutical industry. The efficiency of high-density reactor systems can be potentially increased by model-based design and control strategies. Therefore, a reliable kinetic model for cell metabolism is required. A systematic procedure based on metabolic modeling is used to model nutrient uptake and key product formation in a MAb bioprocess during both the growth and post-growth phases. The approach combines the key advantages of stoichiometric and kinetic models into a complete metabolic network while integrating the regulation and control of cellular activity. This modeling procedure can be easily applied to any cell line during both the cell growth and post-growth phases. Quadratic programming (QP) has been identified as a suitable method to solve the underdetermined constrained problem related to model parameter identification. The approach is illustrated for the case of murine hybridoma cells cultivated in stirred spinners. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||