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Reaction Methods (reaction + methods)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences40%
Life Sciences40%

Kinds of Reaction Methods

  • chain reaction methods
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Comparison of JAK2 V617F burden quantitation by two different quantitative-polymerase chain reaction methods

    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2010
    H. Le Bars
    No abstract is available for this article. [source]

    Synaptic mRNAs are modulated by learning

    JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH, Issue 9 2009
    Eugenia Ferrara
    Abstract We have recently demonstrated that brain plastic events significantly modify synaptic protein synthesis measured by the incorporation of [35S]methionine in brain synaptosomal proteins. Notably, in rats learning a two-way active avoidance task, the local synthesis of two synaptic proteins was selectively enhanced. Because this effect may be attributed to transcriptional modulation, we used reverse transcriptase,polymerase chain reaction methods to determine the content of discrete synaptosomal mRNAs in rats exposed to the same training protocol. Correlative analyses between behavioral responses and synaptosomal mRNA content showed that GAT-1 mRNA (a prevalent presynaptic component) correlates with avoidances and escapes in rat cerebellum, while glial fibrillary acid protein mRNA (an astrocytic component) correlates with freezings in cerebellum and cerebral cortex. These observations support the hypothesis that synaptic protein synthesis may be transcriptionally regulated. The cellular origin of synaptic transcripts is briefly discussed, with special regard to those present at large distances from neuron somas. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

    How to use virological tools for optimal management of chronic hepatitis C

    LIVER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 2009
    Stéphane Chevaliez
    Abstract Chronic hepatitis C is a global health problem that may cause cirrhosis and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently available antiviral treatments are moderately effective. Several virological assays are available to help diagnose and manage patients infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). These include the anti-HCV antibody assays, measurement of HCV RNA viral load and HCV genotyping. HCV RNA can be assayed by two types of molecular biology-based techniques: target amplification as in polymerase chain reaction methods and signal amplification such as the branched DNA assay. Monitoring of viral kinetics during the early phases of antiviral treatment is crucial in making treatment decisions such as early stopping rules and also in optimizing the length of treatment. The HCV genotype can be determined by several methods. Whatever the method, pretreatment determination allows treatment length and ribavirin dose to be optimized and also offers prognostic information on treatment outcomes as certain genotypes respond more favourably to treatment. Thus, virological assays are indispensable in the diagnosis and management of individuals infected with the HCV. [source]

    Molecular Evidence that Phylogenetically Diverged Ciliates Are Active in Microbial Mats of Deep-Sea Cold-Seep Sediment

    THE JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
    KIYOTAKA TAKISHITA
    ABSTRACT. Cold seeps are areas of the seafloor where hydrogen sulfide- and methane-rich fluid seepage occurs, often sustaining chemosynthetic ecosystems. It is well known that both archaea and bacteria oxidize sulfides and methane to produce chemical energy and that several endemic animals use this energy to thrive in cold seeps. On the other hand, there is little knowledge regarding diversity and ecology of microbial eukaryotes in this ecosystem. In this study we isolated environmental RNA and DNA from microbial mats of cold-seep sediment in Sagami Bay, Japan, and retrieved eukaryotic small-subunit ribosomal RNA sequences with polymerase chain reaction methods followed by clone library construction. Most RNA-derived clones obtained were from ciliates, although DNA-derived clones were mainly from the fungus Cryptococcus curvatus, suggesting that ciliates are active in the environment. The ciliate sequences were phylogenetically diverse, and represented eight known class lineages as well as undesignated lineages. Because most ciliates are bacterivorous, it is highly likely that the ciliates for which sequences were recovered play a role in the food web of this ecosystem as grazers of microbial mats. In addition, given that the environment studied is under highly reduced (anoxic) conditions, based on the prokaryotic community structure deduced from T-RFLP profiles, the ciliates detected may be obligatory or facultative anaerobes. [source]

    Carbonyl group-containing organometallic intramolecular-coordination five-membered ring compounds

    APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 5 2010
    Iwao Omae
    Abstract Carbonyl group-containing organometallic intramolecular-coordination five-membered ring compounds are easily synthesized by the following five reaction methods: (1) cyclometalation, especially, orthometalation reactions; (2) the reactions of the moieties of an unsaturated carboncarbon bond attached to a carbonyl group (CCCO, CCCO); (3) the reactions of an unsaturated carboncarbon bond with carbon monoxide (CC and CO, CC and CO); (4) carbonylative ring expansion reactions; and (5) others. These compounds are very easily and regio-specifically synthesized with many kinds of metal compounds, including both transition metals and main group metals. Many of such the reactions are easily applied to organic syntheses. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]