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Repeated Assessments (repeated + assessment)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Emergence behaviour in children: defining the incidence of excitement and agitation following anaesthesia

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 5 2002
JENNIFER W. COLE MD
Background: Children display a variety of behaviour during anaesthetic recovery. The purpose of this study was to study the frequency and duration of emergence behaviour in children following anaesthesia and the factors that alter the incidence of various emergence behaviour following anaesthesia. Methods: A prospective study of children who required outpatient lower abdominal surgery was designed to determine an incidence and duration of emergence agitation. We developed a 5-point scoring scale to study the postanaesthetic behaviour in these children. The scale included behaviour from asleep (score=1) to disorientation and severe restlessness (score=5). Children were scored by a blinded observer every 10 min during the first hour of recovery or until discharge from same day surgery. Results: We found 27 of 260 children experienced a period of severe restlessness and disorientation (score 5) during anaesthesia emergence. Thirty percent of the children (79/260) experienced a period of inconsolable crying or severe restlessness (score 4 or 5) following anaesthesia. The frequency of this behaviour was greatest on arrival in the recovery room, but many children who arrived asleep in the recovery room later experienced a period of agitation or inconsolable crying. Conclusions: Repeated assessments of behaviour following anaesthetic recovery are required to define an incidence and duration of emergence agitation. Emergence agitation occurs most frequently in the initial 10 min of recovery, but many children who arrive asleep experience agitation later during recovery. [source]

Validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist , Postoperative Version

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 6 2010
M Johansson
Abstract Aim:, To test the validity and reliability of a Swedish version of the Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist , Postoperative Version (NCCPC-PV). Methods:, Thirty-two consecutive children/adolescents (2,20 years of age) with cognitive impairment and no verbal communication from four habilitation centres were admitted to the study. Each child's behaviour was observed by a parent or a caregiver and by a physiotherapist in two calm and two painful situations within the child's everyday life. The raters independently assessed and graded the child's behaviour during 5 min according to the translated Swedish version of the NCCPC-PV. The intrarater and interrater reliability were determined, and the construct validity was examined. Results:, The results from 202 assessments showed that the construct validity was good: children's behavioural signs differed significantly between situations of pain and situations of calm (p < 0.001). Repeated assessments showed poor agreement both within and between raters [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.51,0.65]. The agreement for pain was good (ICC 0.83). Conclusion:, The Swedish version of the NCCPC-PV can be used for pain assessment in children with cognitive impairments who lack verbal communication. Aspects of reliability need to be further analysed. [source]

Affecting the perception of verbal cues to deception

APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 1 2003
Leif A. Strömwall
An important but overlooked factor in deception detection research is how the perception of verbal cues to deception can be affected by situational factors. This study examined how participants' (N,=,200) perceptions were influenced by presentation mode (Experiments 1 and 2) and repeated exposure/assessment (Experiment 3). As predicted, presentation mode affected the perception of several verbal cues. Participants who watched a videotaped testimony rated the degree of the cues richness of detail, completeness, logical structure and plausibility, higher than those who read the transcript of the same testimony. Furthermore, repeated exposure to the testimony, in combination with repeated assessments, lowered the participants' ratings of the verbal cues. People's perception of the verbal content of a testimony can thus be affected by situational factors. The results are discussed in psycho-legal terms. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Biomarkers of inflammation and development of rheumatoid arthritis in women from two prospective cohort studies

ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 3 2009
Elizabeth W. Karlson
Objective To examine the association of biomarkers of inflammation with preclinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods A nested case,control study was performed using samples from 2 large, prospectively studied cohorts of women (the Women's Health Study [WHS] and the Nurses' Health Study [NHS]). Blood samples obtained prior to symptom onset in women who later developed RA were selected as incident RA cases, and 3 controls per case were randomly chosen, matched for age, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use, and day, time, and fasting status at the time of collection. Plasma was tested for levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II (sTNFRII) (as a proxy for TNF,), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. Relationships between biomarkers and RA were assessed using conditional logistic regression models, adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking habits, ethnicity, and reproductive factors. Results In 93 incident cases in the NHS and 77 incident cases in the WHS, the mean time between blood collection and the onset of RA symptoms was 5.2 years (range 0.3,12 years). Median IL-6 and sTNFRII levels were significantly higher in preclinical RA cases compared with matched controls in the NHS (P = 0.03 and P = 0.003, respectively) though not in the WHS. Pooled analysis of the NHS and WHS cohorts demonstrated significant association of sTNFRII with RA (relative risk 2.0 [95% confidence interval 1.1,3.6], P for trend = 0.004), and a modest association of IL-6 with RA (relative risk 1.4 [95% confidence interval 0.8,2.5], P for trend = 0.06). Conclusion Levels of sTNFRII, a biomarker typically associated with active RA, were elevated up to 12 years prior to the development of RA symptoms and were positively associated with incident RA in these nested case,control studies. Studies with repeated assessments of biomarkers prior to RA development may provide further insight into the timing of biomarker elevation in preclinical RA. [source]