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Radiological Data (radiological + data)
Selected AbstractsMachinery-Related Deaths: Relevance of Workplace Investigation and Antemortem Radiological Data in Reconstructing the FatalityJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 3 2010Giovanni Cecchetto M.D. Abstract:, Machinery-related fatalities are one of the leading causes of traumatic occupational deaths. In our report, we present the case of a 40-year-old male who suffered a severe head trauma while working in a cut-foam industry and died despite an early craniectomy. The radiological reconstruction of the skull based on preoperative computed tomography scans disclosed a large depressed conical fracture of the left parietal bone. The 3D-reconstruction of the work area, combined with a fit-matching analysis between the machinery and the depressed skull fracture allowed us to conclude that the head was crushed between the sliding bar of the cutting device and the metallic protuberance on the opposite side. The case underlines the importance of a detailed workplace investigation and of a thorough evaluation of all circumstantial, clinical, radiological, and autopsy data in the reconstruction of machinery-related fatalities to identify any possible legal responsibilities of the worker and/or the employer. [source] The potential for non-invasive study of mummies: validation of the use of computerized tomography by post factum dissection and histological examination of a 17th century female Korean mummyJOURNAL OF ANATOMY, Issue 4 2008Do-Seon Lim Abstract The socio-cultural antipathies of some descendants with regard to invasive examinations of age-old human remains make permission for dissection of Korean mummies of the Joseon Dynasty (1392,1910) difficult to obtain. Overcoming this obstacle necessitated the use of non-invasive techniques, such as multi-detector computerized tomography (MDCT) and endoscopic examination, enabling determination of the preservation status of internal organs of mummies without significantly damaging the mummies themselves. However, MDCT alone cannot clearly differentiate specific mummified organs. Therefore, in much the same way as diagnostic radiologists make their MDCT readings on living patients more reliable by means of comparison with accumulated post-factum data from autopsies or histological studies, examinations of mummies by invasive techniques should not be decried as mere destruction of age-old human remains. Rather, providing that due permission from descendants and/or other relevant authorities can be obtained, dissection and histological examination should be performed whenever opportunities arise. Therefore, in this study, we compared the radiological data acquired from a 17th century mummy with our dissection results for the same subject. As accumulation of this kind of data could be very crucial for correct interpretation of MDCT findings on Korean mummies, we will perform similar trials on other Korean mummies found in forthcoming days if conditions permit. [source] Factors associated with radiation exposure in patients with inflammatory bowel diseaseALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 11-12 2009Z. LEVI Summary Background, Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients undergo multiple radiological evaluations. Aim, To estimate total and abdominal radiation exposure from diagnostic X-ray investigations in IBD patients and the associated risk factors. Methods, Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) treated in the IBD clinic were recruited. Clinical data were extracted from patient files and radiological data were obtained from the central HMO computer data base. Results, A total of 199 CD and 125 UC patients were included. The mean cumulative estimated doses (CED) for CD and UC were 21.1 ± 19.5 and 15.1 ± 20.4 millisieverts (mSv) respectively (P < 0.001). Twenty-three patients (7.1%) had an estimated CED of ,50 mSv. In multivariate analyses, predictors of increased CED were: surgery (OR 5.68, 95% CI: 2.73,11.8, P < 0.001), CD (OR 2.56, 95% CI: 1.29,5.07, P = 0.007), prednisone use (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.11,3.67, P = 0.02), first year of disease (OR 6.4, 95% CI: 1.3,32, P = 0.02) and age in the upper quartile (OR 3.26, 95% CI: 1.68,6.3, P = 0.001). Conclusions, Diagnosis of CD, IBD-related surgery, prednisone use, first year of diagnosis and age on the upper quartile are independent predictors of increased exposure in IBD patients. Alternative investigations which do not require radiation exposure should be considered for patients at risk for increased radiation exposure. [source] Parenchymal imaging adds diagnostic utility in evaluating haematuriaBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2005Jay S. Belani OBJECTIVE To compare the findings of renal ultrasonography (US) in the evaluation of patients with and with no haematuria. The increased use of cross-sectional imaging and US has led to a dramatic improvement in the diagnosis of renal masses, such that computed tomography and/or US have been integrated into the diagnostic evaluation of haematuria, and many more incidental renal lesions are now detected. Thus it is possible that the lesions identified during evaluation for haematuria are incidental, i.e. identified serendipitously, and unrelated to the haematuria. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively compared the US findings obtained from 301 patients referred for new-onset haematuria to those obtained from 600 patients being evaluated for other than urological reasons. All imaging and patient charts were reviewed to verify the clinical and radiological data. RESULTS Haematuria was associated with all renal abnormalities, with an odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval) of 4.7 (3.6,7.3). Importantly, haematuria was associated with a renal mass, with an OR of 6.7 (2.8,16.3). Subset analysis revealed that patients with macroscopic and microscopic haematuria had significantly more renal abnormalities (OR 4.7, 2.7,8.2, and 5.3, 3.2,8.8, respectively) and renal masses (OR 7.3, 2.7,20.3, and 6.5, 2.3,18.6, respectively) than controls. CONCLUSIONS Both macroscopic and microscopic haematuria are associated with a greater risk of identifying renal lesions. This supports the conclusion that the renal lesions identified with modern imaging techniques during the evaluation of both microscopic and macroscopic haematuria are not serendipitous. [source] Exposure of extremely low birth weight infants to diagnostic X-Rays: a longitudinal studyACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 2 2009Ilan Arad Abstract Aim: To quantify the number of chest and abdominal radiograms performed in surviving singleton extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants in order to examine whether changes in imaging application occurred during the last 21 years (1987,2007). Methods: Clinical and radiological data of 225 out of 229 surviving infants were obtained and associations with time and clinical variables were evaluated. Results: The number of chest X-Rays performed per infant was 10.3 ± 11.1 (mean ± SD), median = 7; range = 0,77 and the number of abdominal radiograms was 5.6 ± 7.1, median = 3; range = 0,61. The number of chest and abdominal X-Rays performed per patient during 1987,1996 was very similar to that of 1997,2007, and no appreciable change of trend was observed along the years. There were negative and statistically significant correlations between the gestational age and the number of radiograms performed per patient (chest X-Rays: r =,0.402; p < 0.001, abdominal X-Rays: r =,0.182; p = 0.006). Controlling for gestational age, reduced numbers of radiograms per patient (abdominal: b =,1.20, p = 0.235; chest: b =,3.08, p = 0.035) were demonstrated in the second period. Patients with complicated clinical course were exposed to significantly more radiograms. Conclusion: Controlling for gestational age, a reduced number of exposures to chest radiograms was demonstrated during 1997,2007 compared with 1987,1996. Measures to reduce radiation, especially in complicated cases, are advocated. [source] | ||||||||||