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Promising Methodology (promising + methodology)
Selected AbstractsCopolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxideJOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE (IN TWO SECTIONS), Issue 22 2004Hiroshi Sugimoto Abstract An erratum has been published for this article in J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem (2005) 43(4) 916. The alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxide to produce polycarbonate has attracted the attention of many chemists because it is one of the most promising methodologies for the utilization of carbon dioxide as a safe, clean, and abundant raw material in synthetic chemistry. Recent development of catalysts for alternating copolymerization is based on the rational design of metal complexes, particularly complexes of transition metals with well-defined structures. In this article, the history and recent successful examples of the alternating copolymerization of carbon dioxide and epoxide are described. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5561,5573, 2004 [source] Risk of harm among gamblers in the general population as a function of level of participation in gambling activitiesADDICTION, Issue 4 2006Shawn R. Currie ABSTRACT Aims To examine the relationship between gambling behaviours and risk of gambling-related harm in a nationally representative population sample. Design Risk curves of gambling frequency and expenditure (total amount and percentage of income) were plotted against harm from gambling. Setting Data derived from 19 012 individuals participating in the Canadian Community Health Survey,Mental Health and Well-being cycle, a comprehensive interview-based survey conducted by Statistics Canada in 2002. Measurement Gambling behaviours and related harms were assessed with the Canadian Problem Gambling Index. Findings Risk curves indicated the chances of experiencing gambling-related harm increased steadily the more often one gambles and the more money one invests in gambling. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified the optimal limits for low-risk participation as gambling no more than two to three times per month, spending no more than $501,1000CAN per year on gambling and investing no more than 1% of gross family income on gambling activities. Logistic regression modelling confirmed a significant increase in the risk of gambling-related harm (odds ratios ranging from 2.0 to 7.7) when these limits were exceeded. Conclusions Risk curves are a promising methodology for examining the relationship between gambling participation and risk of harm. The development of low-risk gambling limits based on risk curve analysis appears to be feasible. [source] Methodology and Transport Medium for Collection of Helicobacter pylori on a String Test in Remote LocationsHELICOBACTER, Issue 6 2005Helen M. Windsor ABSTRACT Background.,Helicobacter pylori can be isolated from patients using the string test but contaminating oral and nasopharyngeal microflora need to be suppressed by rapid plating out onto selective culture media. Recently, use of this diagnostic method was enhanced by using a novel transport medium to collect specimens from subjects in a remote Australian clinic over 1300 km from the laboratory. Methods., Retrieved string tests were transported to the laboratory in chilled polystyrene boxes in 5 ml screw-cap bottles with 3 ml of a brain heart infusion broth plus antibiotics. These were 20 g/ml vancomycin, 10 g/ml trimethoprim, 10 g/ml cefsulodin, and 10 g/ml amphotericin B. A comparison was made between subjects who gargled with a chlorhexidine mouthwash before swallowing the string test and those who did not. Results., Forty-five urea breath test-positive subjects were tested and H. pylori was isolated from 34 of them. Successful culture was achieved from string tests that were in transit for up to 29 hours and where the maximum temperature in the transport box was 14 °C. The additional use of a mouthwash had a marked effect on the isolation rate. H. pylori was cultured from 75% of subjects who gargled but only from 39% who did not. Conclusions., This methodology and transport medium can broaden the use of the string test to more remote geographic areas where endoscopy is not feasible so that H. pylori isolates may still be obtained for diagnostic and epidemiologic studies. The value of this promising methodology of collection and transport should be assessed in a controlled study. [source] Dynamic peroxide method for kLaO2 estimationJOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY, Issue 8 2009Marcos Marcelino Abstract BACKGROUND: A reliable kLaO2 estimation methodology in bioreactors is a recurrent topic in the literature owing to the significance of this value, particularly in respirometric measurements. The most common methodologies for kLaO2 estimation consist of modeling the profile of dissolved oxygen (DO) obtained after a perturbation of the system aeration. Among them, the dynamic peroxide method (DPM), which consists of a small addition of peroxide hydrogen for a sudden increase in the DO level, is a promising methodology. RESULTS: This work studies the reliability of kLaO2 estimates using DPM. Different experiments were performed with sludge cultures enriched with heterotrophs, nitrifiers and polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAO). The influence of several operational conditions (i.e. air flow, sludge concentration, H2O2 volume addition) on kLaO2 estimates was studied and the reliability of DPM was compared with the widely used reaeration methodology. An application of DPM in the assessment of oxygen surface transfer in a mechanically stirred bioreactor is described. CONCLUSION: DPM is a reliable methodology for kLaO2 estimation that can be successfully applied to heterotrophs, nitrifiers and PAO without observing any inhibitory effect ([H2O2] , 6 mg L,1). Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Spatial analysis of solifluction landforms and process rates in the Abisko Mountains, northern SwedenPERMAFROST AND PERIGLACIAL PROCESSES, Issue 3 2010Hanna Ridefelt Abstract The occurrence of turf-banked solifluction landforms in the Abisko region was analysed using a grid-based approach and statistical modelling through logistic regression. Significant parameters in the model were the vegetation index NDVI, annual incoming potential radiation, wetness index, slope gradient and elevation. The model had an acceptable discrimination capacity and rather low model-fit values, but clearly showed the importance of vegetation patterns for the occurrence of solifluction at a regional scale. Solifluction movement rates measured at eight sites were combined with model parameters and the annual duration of sun hours to regionalise solifluction movement rates through an unsupervised terrain classification. For comparison, the linear relationship between the probability of solifluction occurrence and variations in movement rates was also used to regionalise movement rates. Potential geomorphic work was calculated for six different areas within the region, with the greatest being for Kärkevagge, the area with the highest precipitation. The combination of a logistic regression model of mapped landforms and field measurements of solifluction rates represents a promising methodology to assess the occurrence and activity of the process at a regional scale. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A novel reactive ester derivative of biotin with reduced membrane permeability for in vivo biotinylation experimentsPROTEINS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS, Issue 19 2010Verena Strassberger Abstract The in vivo perfusion of rodent models of disease with biotin derivatives and the subsequent comparative proteomic analysis of healthy and diseased tissues represent a promising methodology for the identification of vascular accessible biomarkers. A novel, triply charged biotinylation reagent, NHS-,-Ala-(L -Asp)3 -biotin, was synthesized and validated in terms of its applicability for in vivo protein biotinylation. Compared to sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin, NHS-,-Ala-(L -Asp)3 -biotin exhibited a reduced membrane permeability and a preferential labeling of proteins localized in compartments readily accessible in vivo from the vasculature. [source] | |||||||||||||