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Prostatic Cancers (prostatic + cancers)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

ERG rearrangement in small cell prostatic and lung cancer

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 7 2010
Veit J Scheble
Scheble V J, Braun M, Wilbertz T, Stiedl A-C, Petersen K, Schilling D, Reischl M, Seitz G, Fend F, Kristiansen G & Perner S (2010) Histopathology,56, 937,943 ERG rearrangement in small cell prostatic and lung cancer Aims:, Small cell prostatic cancer is a rare but aggressive disease. Currently, its histogenetic origin is unclear and its distinction from metastatic small cell lung cancer is challenging. The aim of our study was to determine whether the ERG rearrangement commonly observed in acinar prostatic cancer can distinguish small cell prostatic cancer from small cell lung cancer samples. Methods and results:, We assessed 15 small cell prostatic cancers and 22 small cell lung cancers for ERG rearrangement using fluorescence in situ hybridization. Commonly used and novel immunohistochemical markers (i.e. androgen receptor, calcium activated nucleotidase 1, Golgi phosphoprotein 2, prostate-specific antigen, prostate-specific membrane antigen, CD56, epithelial membrane antigen, thyroid transcription factor 1, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and Ki67) were further studied. ERG rearrangement occured in 86% of small cell prostatic cancers but in none of the small cell lung cancers and was the best marker to differentiate between both tumours (P < 0.0001). Conclusions:, The ERG rearrangement is commonly observed in small cell prostatic cancer, supporting the hypothesis that ERG rearrangement occurs in aggressive prostatic cancers. Furthermore, the ERG rearrangement is the most significant marker to differentiate between small cell prostatic cancer and small cell lung cancer. Moreover, our data suggest that small cell prostatic cancer is not a tumour entity on its own, but a dedifferentiated variant of common acinar prostatic cancer. [source]

Prognostic factors in lymph node metastases of prostatic cancer patients: the size of the metastases but not extranodal extension independently predicts survival

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
A Fleischmann
Aims:, To analyse tumour characteristics and the prognostic significance of prostatic cancers with extranodal extension of lymph node metastases (ENE) in 102 node-positive, hormone treatment-naive patients undergoing radical prostatectomy and extended lymphadenectomy. Methods and results:, The median number of nodes examined per patient was 21 (range 9,68), and the median follow-up time was 92 months (range 12,191). ENE was observed in 71 patients (70%). They had significantly more, larger and less differentiated nodal metastases, paralleled by significantly larger primary tumours at more advanced stages and with higher Gleason scores than patients without ENE. ENE defined a subgroup with significantly decreased biochemical recurrence-free (P = 0.038) and overall survival (P = 0.037). In multivariate analyses the diameter of the largest metastasis and Gleason score of the primary tumour were independent predictors of survival. Conclusions:, ENE in prostatic cancer is an indicator lesion for advanced/aggressive tumours with poor outcome. However, the strong correlation with larger metastases suggests that ENE may result from their size, which was the only independent risk factor in the metastasizing component. Consequently, histopathological reports should specify the true indicator of poor survival in the lymphadenectomy specimens, which is the size of the largest metastasis in each patient. [source]

Prostate cancer in patients with Hansen's disease

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 3 2003
Isao Kiriyama
Abstract Hansen's disease causes testicular failure secondarily, and because of this, it has been considered that prostate cancer would not be found in association. Three of 14 patients with chronic leprosy in Suruga National Sanatorium Hansen's Disease Hospital were found to have prostate cancer. A 72-year-old with lepromatous leprosy was diagnosed with stage T3a prostate cancer and treated with radical prostatectomy after hormonal therapy, plus irradiation. An 80-year-old with lepromatous leprosy was diagnosed with stage T2 prostate cancer and treated with irradiation and follow up only without hormone therapy and surgery because of his low testosterone level and old age. An 82-year-old with borderline leprosy was diagnosed with stage T1c prostate cancer and because of the pathological finding of low Gleason score and his old age, he was treated with hormonal therapy only. Two of the three cases had elevated concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, which suggests that their prostatic cancers might have been equivalent to be under the influence of hormone therapy. Therefore, in aged male patients with Hansen's disease, the follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and testosterone concentrations should be measured, as well as that of prostate-specific antigen, and a prostate biopsy should be also considered if the prostate-specific antigen concentration is increased, even with hypogonadism. [source]

Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 2 2003
HARSH MOHAN
Abstract Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate is rare, accounting for 0.5,1% of all prostatic cancers. It is highly aggressive and responds poorly to any mode of therapy. We present a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate that developed in a patient with prostatic adenocarcinoma following radiation therapy. [source]