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Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma (primary + hepatocellular_carcinoma)
Selected AbstractsProfiling genomic copy number changes in retinoblastoma beyond loss of RB1GENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 2 2007Ella Bowles Loss of both RB1 alleles is rate limiting for development of retinoblastoma (RB), but genomic copy number gain or loss may impact oncogene(s) and tumor suppressor genes, facilitating tumor progression. We used quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction to profile "hot spot" genomic copy number changes for gain at 1q32.1, 6p22, and MYCN, and loss at 16q22 in 87 primary RB and 7 cell lines. Loss at 16q22 (48%) negatively associated with MYCN gain (18%) (Fisher's exact P = 0.031), gain at 1q32.1 (62%) positively associated with 6p "hot spot" gain (43%) (P = 0.033), and there was a trend for positive association between 1q and MYCN gain (P = 0.095). Cell lines had a higher frequency of MYCN amplification than primary tumors (29% versus 3%; P= 0.043). Novel high-level amplification of 1q32.1 in one primary tumor, confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, strongly supports the presence of oncogene(s) in this region, possibly the mitotic kinesin, KIF14. Gene-specific quantitative multiplex polymerase chain reaction of candidate oncogenes at 1q32.1 (KIF14), 6p22 (E2F3 and DEK), and tumor suppressor genes at 16q22 (CDH11) and 17q21 (NGFR) showed the most common gene gains in RB to be KIF14 in cell lines (80%) and E2F3 in primary tumors (70%). The patterns of gain/loss were qualitatively different in 25 RB compared with 12 primary hepatocellular carcinoma and 12 breast cancer cell lines. Gene specific analysis of one bone marrow metastasis of RB, prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy, showed the typical genomic changes of RB pretreatment, which normalized after chemotherapy. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Type 2 diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: A cohort study in high prevalence area of hepatitis virus infection,,HEPATOLOGY, Issue 6 2006Mei-Shu Lai This study aimed to elucidate the relationship of type 2 diabetes, other known risk factors, and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in countries with a high prevalence of hepatitis infection. We followed a prospective cohort of 54,979 subjects who participated in the Keelung Community-Based Integrated Screening program between 1999 and 2002. A total of 5,732 subjects with type 2 diabetes cases were identified at enrollment on the basis of fasting blood glucose level, and a total of 138 confirmed HCC cases were identified either through two-stage liver cancer screening or linkage with the National Cancer Registry. The independent effect of type 2 diabetes on the incidence of HCC and the interaction between type 2 diabetes and hepatitis infection or lipids profile were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. After controlling for age, sex, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), smoking, and alcohol consumption, the association between type 2 diabetes and incidence of HCC (excluding 33 prevalent cases identified at enrollment) was modified by HCV status and cholesterol level. The associations were only statistically significant (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.08 [1.03-4.18]) for being HCV negative and for having hypercholesterolemia (adjusted HR = 2.81 [1.20-6.55]). These statistically significant findings remained even excluding cases of diabetes newly diagnosed at enrollment. In conclusion, in an area with a high prevalence of hepatitis virus infection, type 2 diabetes increases the risk of developing HCC in those who are HCV negative or have a high level of total cholesterol. (HEPATOLOGY 2006;43: 1295,1302.) [source] Clinical symptoms and pedigree analysis in two families with benign familial persistently elevated ,-fetoproteinJOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES, Issue 3 2001Hongyao Zhu OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the nature of persistently elevated ,-fetoprotein (AFP) in a family and the importance of correct recognition and diagnosis of familial AFP elevation. METHODS: In 1984 and 1997, a series of AFP radio-immunoassays from two families with persistently elevated AFP were investigated and the family pedigrees were subanalyzed. RESULTS: Of the 29 members in the two families, 15 were examined. The AFP level of 10 people was persistently elevated, two of these had been misdiagnosed with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Familial elevation of AFP is benign in nature. It should be kept in mind during mass surveys of AFP. [source] Hepatitis D outbreak among children in a hepatitis B hyper-endemic settlement in GreenlandJOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS, Issue 3 2010M. L. Børresen Summary., Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic in Greenland with 5,10% of the population being HBsAg-positive (chronic carriers). Surprisingly, despite of the high prevalence of HBV infection, acute and chronic hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma appear much less frequently than expected. The reasons for the low frequencies are unknown, but as a consequence implementation of a childhood HBV vaccination programme, though debated for years, has never been instituted. We describe an outbreak of hepatitis D (HDV) infection among children in a hepatitis B hyper-endemic settlement of 133 inhabitants on the west coast of Greenland. In 2006 a total of 27% of the inhabitants were HBsAg-positive (chronic carriers) and 83% were HBcAb-positive (previously exposed). Forty-six percent of the HBsAg-positive persons were below 20 years of age. On follow-up 1 year later a total of 68% of the HBsAg-positive persons were HDV-IgG positive. Five children, who were HBsAg-positive in 2006, had HDV-seroconverted from 2006 to 2007, indicating a HDV-super-infection. Most of the HDV-IgG positive children had markedly elevated liver enzymes. In the multivariate analysis, among the HBV and HDV markers, presence of HDV-IgG was most strongly associated with elevation of liver enzymes. In conclusion, the HBV-HDV super-infection and presumed HDV outbreak in this settlement challenges the notion that HBV infection may not be as harmless in Greenland as previously anticipated. The findings strongly suggest that HBV vaccination should be included in the child-immunization program in Greenland. [source] Quality of life in patients diagnosed with primary hepatocellular carcinoma: Hepatic arterial infusion of Cisplatin versus 90-Yttrium microspheres (Therasphere®)PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY, Issue 2 2004Jennifer Steel Background. The aims of the study were to test the difference in health-related quality (HRQL) of life and survival in patients diagnosed with primary hepatocellular carcionma (HCC) and treated with either hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of Cisplatin or 90-Yttrium microspheres (Therasphere®). Method. The design of the study was a non-randomized parallel cohort study. Twenty-eight patients participated in the present study. HRQL was assessed by administration of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary. Survival was measured using Kaplan Meier methods. Results. The results of present study suggest treatment with Therasphere® had an advantage in regard to HRQL and survival when compared to Cisplatin. At 3-month follow-up, patients who were treated with Therasphere® had a higher level of functional well-being as well as overall quality of life when compared to patients treated with Cisplatin. At 6-month follow-up patients (treated with Therasphere®) continued to have better functional well-being when compared to patients being treated with HAI of Cisplatin. At 6-month follow-up, survival was found to be similar for patients treated with Therasphere® when compared to patients being treated with Cisplatin. Conclusions. Preliminary data suggest that treatment with Therasphere® has a modest advantage in regard to HRQL when compared patients treated with HAI of Cisplatin. Future research with Therasphere®, that includes a larger sample size and longer follow-up, is necessary to make definitive conclusions regarding the efficacy and effect on HRQL. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Absolute configuration of the thyroid hormone analog KAT-2003 as determined by the 1H NMR anisotropy method with a novel chiral auxiliary, M,NP acidCHIRALITY, Issue 1 2004Toshihiro Nishimura Abstract The absolute configuration of the chiral thyroid hormone analog KAT-2003 (+)- 2, showing hypocholesterolemic activities, decreases of hepatic triglyceride contents with lowering cardiac side effects, and significant inhibitory effect for the second primary hepatocellular carcinoma, was determined as S by the 1H NMR anisotropy method using a novel chiral auxiliary, 2-methoxy-2-(1-naphtyl)propionic acid (M,NP acid). Chirality 16:13,21, 2004. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||