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Previous Injury (previous + injury)
Selected AbstractsIncreased lifetime prevalence of dental trauma is associated with previous non-dental injuries, mental distress and high alcohol consumptionDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 1 2001U. Perheentupa Abstract , The purpose of the study was to assess the lifetime prevalence of dental injuries and risk factors involved in a general population-based birth cohort. The study population consisted of 5737 subjects who had participated in a health survey at the age of 31 years. Altogether 52% of the participants were women. This partly computer-based health survey included two questionnaires on previous dental and non-dental injuries, general health, occupational status and lifestyle. The current study was based on these questionnaires. The lifetime prevalence of dental fractures was 43% and the lifetime prevalence of dental luxations and exarticulations 14%. Men more commonly had dental injuries than women. Particularly mental distress and a history of previous injuries were shown to increase the risk for dental injuries. Furthermore, overweight and high alcohol consumption were positively associated with a high lifetime prevalence of tooth trauma. Regular physical activity decreased trauma occurrence. Socioeconomic status further affected the lifetime prevalence of dental injuries. The conclusion of the study was that personal, social and physical factors played a role in the occurrence of dental trauma. [source] Use of mouthguards by basketball players in Victoria, AustraliaDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2003Helen Cornwell Abstract ,,,Basketball is a popular sport in Australia. Although orofacial injuries are common, mouthguard (MG) wear in basketball appears to be low. The purposes of this study were: to measure mouthguard wear by basketball players before and after a promotional intervention; to assess players' knowledge of the value of mouthguards for prevention of injury; and to describe their experience of orofacial injury. Two questionnaires (baseline and follow-up) were administered to a convenience sample of 496 basketball players in Victoria, Australia. Players recruited were youths (12,15-year olds, n = 208) and adults (18 years and over, n = 288), from all basketball levels (social to elite). Completion of the baseline questionnaire was followed immediately by an intervention comprising written and verbal information, a mouthguard blank and instructions on mouthguard construction. The follow-up questionnaire was mailed to all respondents 10,12 weeks later; 135 youths (65%) and 157 adults (54%) completed this. Mouthguard wear at baseline was low but was more frequent at games (62%) than at training (25%). Despite 90% of players acknowledging the protective value of a mouthguard, wear by youths did not increase following the intervention, and wear by adults increased by only 14% for training and 10% at games. Previous orofacial injury was recorded at baseline by 23% of players, but few had requested compensation from Basketball Australia (youths, 17%; adults, 30%). Two predictor variables were statistically identified as related to mouthguard wear: previous orofacial injury and age group. Mouthguard wear was significantly more frequent amongst players with previous injury; such players were 2.76 times more likely to be wearers than those without previous injury. Youths were 2.31 times more likely to wear mouthguards than adults. Only 34 players (12% of respondents at follow-up) had a mouthguard constructed from the blank provided. Although youth and adult groups differed, the overall extent of mouthguard use was disappointingly low. Despite wide recognition of mouthguard value, the intervention had little effect on promoting their use. [source] Health, medication use, and agricultural injury: A reviewAMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 11 2009Donald C. Voaklander PhD Abstract Background Agricultural work in the United States and Canada continues to be one of the most dangerous vocations. Surveillance evidence suggests that older farmers (>60 years of age) are at greater risk of serious injury than their younger counterparts. The purpose of this article was to outline illnesses and medications that may contribute to older farmers' increased risk of agricultural injury and to determine a minimum set of health-related covariates that could be used in farm injury studies. Methods A review of English language literature in Medline, CINAHL, and NIOSH databases was conducted examining disease and medication factors related to farm injury. Results Health- and disease-related factors most commonly reported as significantly contributing to agricultural injury included previous injury, hearing problems, depression, arthritis, and sleep deprivation. The use of "any medication" was identified as a significant risk factor for injury in a number of studies. The use of sleep medication was significantly related to injury in two studies. Conclusions Based on the findings, it is recommended that at a minimum, researchers collect information on the prevalence of previous injury, hearing problems, depression, arthritis/muscular-skeletal problems and sleep disturbance as these have been identified as significant risk factors in a number of studies. In addition, where subjects that identify any of these afflictions, further information should be sought on any medications used in their treatment which can add data on disease severity. More research and surveillance activities need to be focused on the older farm worker. This population is critical to the maintenance of the agricultural base in North America and health and safety research initiatives need to address this. By integrating research from the fields of gerontology, occupational health and safety, and injury prevention, innovative interventions could be constructed to assist the aging farmer in the continuation of safe farming. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:876,889, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Healing of hymenal injuries in prepubertal and adolescent girls: a descriptive studyCHILD: CARE, HEALTH AND DEVELOPMENT, Issue 1 2008Richard Reading Healing of hymenal injuries in prepubertal and adolescent girls: a descriptive study . McCannJ., MiyamotoS., BoyleC. & RogersK. ( 2007 ) Pediatrics , 119 , e1094 , e1106 . DOI: 10.1542/peds.2006-0964. Objective, The objective of this study was to identify the healing process and outcome of hymenal injuries in prepubertal and adolescent girls. Methods, This multicentre, retrospective project used photographs to document the healing process and outcome of hymenal trauma that was sustained by 239 prepubertal and pubertal girls whose ages ranged from 4 months to 18 years. Results, The injuries that were sustained by the 113 prepubertal girls consisted of 21 accidental or noninflicted injuries, 73 secondary to abuse, and 19 ,unknown cause' injuries. All 126 pubertal adolescents were sexual assault victims. The hymenal injuries healed at various rates and except for the deeper lacerations left no evidence of the previous trauma. Abrasions and ,mild' submucosal haemorrhages disappeared within 3,4 days, whereas ,marked' haemorrhages persisted for 11,15 days. Only petechiae and blood blisters proved to be ,markers' for determining the approximate age of an injury. Petechiae resolved within 48 h in the prepubertal girls and 72 h in the adolescents. A blood blister was detected at 34 days in an adolescent. As lacerations healed, their observed depth became shallower and their configuration smoothed out. Of the girls who sustained ,superficial', ,intermediate,' or ,deep' lacerations, 15 of 18 prepubertal girls had smooth and continuous appearing hymenal rims, whereas 24 of 41 adolescents' hymens had a normal, ,scalloped' appearance and 30 of 34 had no disruption of continuity on healing. The final ,width' of a hymenal rim was dependent on the initial depth of the laceration. No scar tissue formation was observed in either group of girls. Conclusions, The hymenal injuries healed rapidly and except for the more extensive lacerations left no evidence of a previous injury. There were no significant differences in the healing process and the outcome of the hymenal injuries in the 2 groups of girls. [source] |