Pressure Buildup (pressure + buildup)

Distribution by Scientific Domains


Selected Abstracts


Modeling of Differential Pressure Buildup during Flow through Beds of Fibrous Materials

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 8 2006
A. Grahn
Abstract Modeling of the pressure drop buildup across beds of fibrous materials at strainers is reported. Special attention is drawn to the compressibility of the fibrous filter cake. The influence of the penetration depth of sludge particles to the overall pressure drop in conjunction with the thin-bed effect has been investigated. Numerical results are compared with pressure drop measurements. [source]


Pressure buildup in gas-liquid flow through packed beds due to deposition of fine particles

THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 3 2002
Murray R. Gray
Abstract In order to understand the increase in pressure drop in hydrotreating reactors due to deposition of fine solids, experiments were conducted with a model suspension of kaolin clay in kerosene. The suspension was circulated through packed beds of catalyst pellets in the trickle-flow and pulse-flow regimes, and the increase in pressure drop measured as a function of particle concentration in the bed. The increase in pressure drop was linear with particle concentrations over the range 0,60 kg.m,3. A consistent approach to modeling the pressure drop behavior was to determine an effective porosity of the packed bed as a function of the concentration of fine particles, then use this porosity in the Ergun equation as a basis for calculating the two-phase pressure drop. Afin de comprendre l'augmentation de perte de charge causée par le dépôt de solides fins dans les réacteurs d'hydrotraitement, des expériences ont été menées avec une suspension modèle d'argile de kaolin dans du kérosène. On a fait circuler la suspension dans des lits garnis de pastilles de catalyseur en régime à écoulement ruisselant et à écoulement pulsé et on a mesuré l'augmentation de perte de charge en fonction de la concentration de particules dans le lit. L'augmentation de la perte de charge est linéaire pour des concentrations de particules se situant dans la gamme de 0,60 kg.m,3. Une façon cohérente de modéliser le comportement de la perte de charge consiste à déterminer une porosité effective du lit garni en fonction de la concentration de fines, puis d'utiliser cette porosité dans l'équation d'Ergun comme base pour calculer la perte de charge diphasique. [source]


Notice of Plagiarism: A Single Recovery Type Curve from Theis' Exact Solution

GROUND WATER, Issue 1 2004
Article first published online: 9 OCT 200
Shortly after the September-October 2003 issue of the journal was mailed, three readers called our attention to similarities between the paper by N. Samani and M. Pasandi (2003, ?A single recovery type curve from Theis? exact solution,?Ground Water 41, no. 5: 602-607) and a paper published in 1980 by Ram G. Agarwal. Agarwal?s paper, ?A new method to account for producing time effects when drawdown type curves are used to analyze pressure buildup and other test data,? was published by the Society for Petroleum Engineers (1980, in Society of Petroleum Engineers 55th Annual Fall Technical Conference, September 2 1-24, Dallas, Texas: SPE Paper 9289). An investigation by the journal verified that the approach and some of the wording used in the two papers are identical. Dr. Samani and Mr. Pasandi acknowledge the similarity and offer an explanation and apology. [source]


Solutions of pore pressure build up due to progressive waves

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL METHODS IN GEOMECHANICS, Issue 9 2001
L. Cheng
Abstract The analytical solution of soil pore pressure accumulations due to a progressive wave is examined in detail. First of all, the errors contained in a published analytical solution for wave-induced pore pressure accumulation are addressed, and the correct solution is presented in a more general form. The behaviour of the solution under different soil conditions is then investigated. It is found that the solution for deep soil conditions is sensitive to the soil shear stress in the top thin layer of the soil. However the solution is significantly influenced by the shear stress in the thin layer of soil near the impermeable base, for shallow and finite depth soil conditions. It is also found that a small error in the soil shear stress can lead to a large error in the accumulated pore pressure. An error analysis reveals the relationships between the accuracy of the pore pressure accumulation and the accuracy of the soil shear stress. A numerical solution to the simplified Biot consolidation equation is also developed. It is shown that the error analysis is of significant value for the numerical modelling of pore pressure buildup in marine soils. Both analytical and numerical examples are given to validate the error estimation method proposed in the present paper. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]


The circadian and homeostatic modulation of sleep pressure during wakefulness differs between morning and evening chronotypes

JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH, Issue 4 2003
Jacques Taillard
Summary The purpose of this study was to evaluate homeostatic and circadian sleep process in ,larks' and ,owls' under daily life conditions. Core body temperature, subjective sleepiness and waking electroencephalogram (EEG) theta,alpha activity (6.25,9 Hz) were assessed in 18 healthy men (nine morning and nine evening chronotypes, 21.4 ± 1.9 years) during a 36-h constant routine that followed a week of a normal ,working' sleep,wake schedule (bedtime: 23.30 h, wake time: 07.30 h). The phase of the circadian rhythm of temperature and sleepiness occurred respectively, 1.5 h (P = 0.01) and 2 h (P = 0.009) later in evening- than in morning-type subjects. Only morning-type subjects showed a bimodal rhythm of sleep,wake propensity. The buildup of subjective sleepiness, as quantified by linear regression, was slower in evening than in morning types (P = 0.04). The time course of EEG theta,alpha activity of both chronotypes could be closely fitted by an exponential curve. The time constant of evening types was longer than that of morning types (P = 0.03), indicating a slower increase in sleep pressure during extended wakefulness. These results suggest that both the circadian signal and the kinetics of sleep pressure buildup differ between the two chronotypes even under prior naturalistic conditions mimicking the usual working day. [source]


Drying Stages during the Heating of High-Alumina, Ultra-Low-Cement Refractory Castables

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 7 2003
Murilo D. M. Innocentini
The purpose of this work was to investigate the drying kinetics of high-alumina, ultra-low-cement refractory castables under continuous heating conditions. Three main drying stages were identified during the castable heat-up and were related to the phase change of free water and to the decomposition of hydrated products present in the body. A clear correlation was found between the actual heating profile inside the castable and the dewatering stages under various heating schedules. Thermal analysis was used to assess the drying temperature that represents the highest risk of steam pressure buildup and, thus, of explosive spalling. [source]


Modeling Conductive Heat Transfer and Process Uniformity during Batch High-Pressure Processing of Foods

BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 1 2000
Siegfried Denys
A numerical model for predicting conductive heat transfer during batch high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing of foods was developed and tested for a food simulator (agar gel). For a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed method, both "conventional" HHP processes, HHP processes with gradual, step-by-step pressure buildup and pressure release, and pressure cycling HHP processes were included. In all cases, good agreement between experimental and predicted temperature profiles was observed. The model provides a very useful tool to evaluate batch HHP processes in terms of uniformity of any heat- and/or pressure-related effect. This is illustrated for inactivation of Bacillus subtilis ,-amylase, an enzymatic model system with known pressure-temperature degradation kinetics. [source]