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Policy Principles (policy + principle)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Humanities and Social Sciences80%

Selected Abstracts

Urban Capitalisms: European Models in Competition

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2005
DOMINIQUE LORRAIN
This article takes as its starting point a central issue for the urban social sciences: comparison. Local government is a theme where much is singular, contingent and idiosyncratic, and international comparison reinforces this tendency towards diversity. Therefore, the capacity to generalize becomes a real issue. The central argument of this article is that, beyond any first-level complexity, the organization of the urban services sector in European countries basically follows three major ,models'. These simplified forms represent ways of combining public policy principles with a market economy. As such, they may be read as specific versions of urban capitalism. All three ,models' are European in origin, and nowadays find themselves in competition. In order to establish the features of these models , simplified forms of more complex phenomena , it is necessary to introduce a historical reading of overall choices of institutional and policy architecture. It is necessary to trace the importance of firms and to study the momentum of crisis and tension, as these give an internal view of phenomena that are generally regarded as natural. Ce texte part d'un problème central pour les sciences sociales urbaines, celui de la comparaison. L'objet urbain pousse à la singularité; les comparaisons internationales renforcent cette tendance; se pose donc un vrai problème de généralisation. La thèse soutenue est qu'au-delà de toute complexité de premier rang, constatée dans l'organisation de chaque service urbain dans les pays européens, ceux-ci au fond ressortent de trois grands modèles. Ces formes simplifiées, ou modèles, représentent autant de manières de combiner des principes d'action publique à une économie de marché; on peut les lire comme autant de versions du capitalisme urbain. En étant tous les trois représentés en Europe ces ,modèles' se trouvent aujourd'hui en compétition. Pour parvenir à dégager ces propriétés modéliques, formes simplifiées de phénomènes plus complexes, il convient d'introduire une lecture historique des grands choix en matières d'architectures institutionnelles et politiques. Il faut accorder de l'importance aux firmes et suivre les moments de mise en tension; ils permettent de saisir ce qui semble naturel dans le fonctionnement ordinaire. [source]

From Limited to Active Engagement: Mexico's Emigration Policies from a Foreign Policy Perspective (2000,2006)

INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION REVIEW, Issue 4 2009
Alexandra Délano
Mexico's emigration policies , including the state's engagement with the diaspora, the discourse in relation to emigrants, the responses to U.S. migration policies and legislation, and the priority given to the issue in the national and bilateral agendas , have undergone a process of transformation since the late 1980s and particularly after 2000. From a history of generally limited engagement in terms of responding to U.S. policies and a traditional interpretation of consular protection activities, Mexico has gradually developed more active policies in relation to the diaspora and began a process of redefining its position on emigration. In addition to the processes of political change in Mexico and the growing impact of migrants' transnational activities, changes in Mexico's emigration policies are also a result of transformations in foreign policy principles and strategies, mainly as a result of the evolution of U.S.-Mexico relations since the late 1980s and particularly since NAFTA. These findings demonstrate the significance of international factors , namely host state , sending state relations and foreign policy interests, discourse, and traditions , in the design and implementation of migration policies and the need to develop multi-level analyses to explain states' objectives, interests, and capacities in the management of migration. [source]

Admiralty Law and Neutrality Policy in the 1790s: An Example of Judicial, Legislative, and Executive Cooperation

JOURNAL OF SUPREME COURT HISTORY, Issue 1 2000
Elliott Ashkenazi
The subject of admiralty law may have lost much of its luster over the years, but during the first decades of the nation's existence this branch of the law provided a vehicle for establishing foreign policy principles that helped protect the new nation. The admiralty cases that reached the U.S. Supreme Court in the mid-1790s were important to administration policy in the realm of foreign affairs and to the Court's own development as an independent arm of the national government. [source]

Osman and police immunity in the English law of torts

LEGAL STUDIES, Issue 3 2000
Paula Giliker
This article examines and questions the nature of police immunity from claims for negligence in the investigation and suppression of crime, as stated by the House of Lords in Hill v Chief Constable of West Yorkshire. This issue has been discussed before the European Court of Human Rights in Osman v United Kingdom, where the court held that a blanket application of the immunity was contrary to art 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. This article will argue that this decision does not overturn the basic public policy principles for the immunity stated in Hill and that further examination of this area of law is required. It is submitted that if the law is considered in terms of proximity rather than in terms of public policy immunity, a clearer understanding of the principles underlying this area of law can be reached together with the desirable goal of removing the term ,immunity' from this area of law. [source]

Policy implications of industrial ecology conceptions

BUSINESS STRATEGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Issue 5 2004
Hilde N. Opoku
The way industrial ecology (IE) is conceptualized determines the concept's potential. Different conceptualizations of IE suggest different political solutions and different focuses on the environment. It is not in itself problematic that the debate points in different political directions. The problem occurs when ideologically based argumentation is not made explicit, but instead presented as necessary premises in order to meet IE objectives. An analysis of the implications when two of these conceptions are implemented as strategies for solid waste management illustrates this claim. This author suggests that the contributors to the field make a clear distinction between scientific discussions regarding the analytical framework and policy principles, and discussions regarding practical applications. Only then can the assumption that the concept of industrial ecology has the potential to be a robust and unifying analytical framework and policy principle stand. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source]