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Polar Material (polar + material)
Selected AbstractsChemInform Abstract: BaNbO(IO3)5: A New Polar Material with a Very Large SHG Response.CHEMINFORM, Issue 42 2009Chuan-Fu Sun Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a "Full Text" option. The original article is trackable via the "References" option. [source] Cyclic fatty acids in sunflower oils during frying of frozen foods with oil replenishment,EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 2 2007Antonio Romero Abstract Frying of frozen foods has become popular because it considerably reduces cooking time. Polymers and cyclic fatty acid monomers (CFAM) formed during frying are potentially toxic and therefore their production should be minimized. Twenty discontinuous fryings of different frozen foods were carried out over ten consecutive days, in sunflower oil (SO) and in high-oleic acid sunflower oil (HOSO), by adding fresh oil after each frying to bring the volume of the fryer oil back to 3,L. CFAM methyl ester derivates were hydrogenated, isolated, concentrated and quantified by HPLC using a reverse-phase column, followed by gas chromatography. After 20,fryings, significantly higher contents of polar material, polymers and CFAM (all p,<0.001) were found in SO than in HOSO. Bicyclic compound formation was four times higher in SO (p,<0.001). The fat from the fried potatoes presented a polymer content very similar to that of their corresponding oils. The 100-g rations of the SO-fried potatoes from the 20th frying supply 49 or 15%, respectively, more polymers and CFAM and 1,mg more bicyclic fatty acids than the 100-g rations of HOSO-fried potatoes. Because digestion and absorption of polar material, polymers and CFAM occur, the data clearly show the advantageousness and advisability of frying with HOSO rather than SO. [source] Branching sites and morphological abnormalities behave as ectopic poles in shape-defective Escherichia coliMOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 4 2004Trine Nilsen Summary Certain mutants in Escherichia coli lacking multiple penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) produce misshapen cells containing kinks, bends and branches. These deformed regions exhibit two structural characteristics of normal cell poles: the peptidoglycan is inert to dilution by new synthesis or turnover, and a similarly stable patch of outer membrane caps the sites. To test the premise that these aberrant sites represent biochemically functional but misplaced cell poles, we assessed the intracellular distribution of proteins that localize specifically to bacterial poles. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) hybrids containing polar localization sequences from the Shigella flexneri IcsA protein or from the Vibrio cholerae EpsM protein formed foci at the poles of wild-type E. coli and at the poles and morphological abnormalities in PBP mutants. In addition, secreted wild-type IcsA localized to the outer membrane overlying these aberrant domains. We conclude that the morphologically deformed sites in these mutants represent fully functional poles or pole fragments. The results suggest that prokaryotic morphology is driven, at least in part, by the controlled placement of polar material, and that one or more of the low-molecular-weight PBPs participate in this process. Such mutants may help to unravel how particular proteins are targeted to bacterial poles, thereby creating important biochemical and functional asymmetries. [source] Grafting of polyolefins with maleic anhydride: alchemy or technology?MACROMOLECULAR SYMPOSIA, Issue 1 2003Martin van Duin Abstract Nowadays, the process of maleic anhydride (MA) grafting and the application of MA-grafted polyolefins are viewed as mature technologies. The chemistry and technology of modifying apolar polyolefins with the polar and reactive MA either in solution or in the melt were already explored as far back as the 1950s. Commercial applications exploit the improved adhesion of polyolefins to polar materials, both at the macroscopic scale and on the microscopic scale. However, it is hardly recognised that, from a scientific point of view, grafting has still a strong resemblance to alchemy. Both process and application technologies have been developed in a trial and error fashion. Only in the last decade the structure of MA-grafted polyolefins has been elucidated and attempts to "look" inside the extruder during grafting were only recently successful. The first steps towards the development of sound chemical models are currently made. An overview will be given of the progress made in the various areas mentioned. [source] |