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Pieces
Kinds of Pieces Selected AbstractsMENTAL DISORDERS THE MISSING PIECE?ADDICTION, Issue 8 2010WENBIN LIANG No abstract is available for this article. [source] SHALLOW, DEEPER, DEEP: A FEW THOUGHTS ON A SMALL PIECE OF WALTER SINNOTT-ARMSTRONG'S MORAL SKEPTICISMSANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 3 2008Jamie Dreier First page of article [source] HAPPINESS WITH A LONG PIECE OF BLACK LEADER: CHRIS MARKER'S SANS SOLEILART HISTORY, Issue 5 2007CAROL MAVOR Chris Marker, best known for his 1962 film, La Jetée, released Sans Soleil in 1982. Sans Soleil migrates quickly between places, time spans and a continual collectomania of images by Marker and other cameramen. Sans Soleil's image repertoire is as fleeting as Marcel Proust's famous, evasive nibble of the scallop-shell shaped madeleine cake. This essay explores Marker's interest in the profoundness of Proustian memory. As Marker claims in his ,sunless' film: ,I will have spent my life trying to understand the function of remembering, which is not the opposite of forgetting, but rather its lining. We do not remember, we rewrite memory much as history is rewritten.' [source] PERFORMING THE OTHER: YOKO ONO'S CUT PIECEART HISTORY, Issue 1 2005Jieun Rhee Staged five times by Yoko Ono between 1964 and 1966, Cut Piece has been interpreted in a variety of ways, including an exploration of sadism/masochism and violence/victimization. It has also been discussed in terms of feminist discourses on the female body and the male gaze. By contrast, this famous event has rarely been examined in terms of audiences' responses to Ono's performances and in particular the relationship between such responses and the social, cultural, national and ethnic contexts. From sacred prostitution cults of Kumano bikuni to the sexual component of the Western avant garde, this essay examines the emblematic roles that Ono's Cut Piece played during the crucial years of performance art. [source] EFFECTIVENESS OF CHLORINE AND NISIN-EDTA TREATMENTS OF WHOLE MELONS AND FRESH-CUT PIECES FOR REDUCING NATIVE MICROFLORA AND EXTENDING SHELF-LIFE,JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY, Issue 4 2002DIKE O. UKUKU ABSTRACT Efficacy of nisin-EDTA treatments as a sanitizing treatment for reducing native microflora of whole melons and extending shelf-life of fresh-cut pieces was compared to chlorine treatments. Whole cantaloupe and honeydew melons were washed with water, nisin (10 ,g/mL)-EDTA (0.02 M), or 200 ppm chlorine for 5 min at , 20C before fresh-cut preparation and storage at 5C for 15 days with periodic microbiological sampling. In addition, some fresh-cut pieces were washed with 10 ,g/mL nisin-EDTA or 50 ppm chlorine for 1 min before storage. Changes in appearance, odor, overall acceptability and the shelf-life of the minimally processed fresh-cut melons were investigated. Preliminary studies indicated that water washes, EDTA (0.002 to 0.2 M) or nisin (5 to 10 ,g/mL) were not effective in reducing the microflora of whole melon when used individually. Nisin-EDTA and chlorine treatments were significantly (P < 0.05) more effective in reducing native microflora than water washes. Nisin-EDTA treatments were significantly (P < 0.05) more effective than chlorine in reducing populations of yeast and mold and Pseudomonas spp. on whole melon surfaces but were not as effective as chlorine treatments for reducing aerobic mesophilic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and total gram-negative bacteria. Microbial contaminants on fresh-cut pieces washed with 50 ppm chlorine or nisin-EDTA were further reduced. However, microbial populations increased throughout refrigerated storage irrespective of treatments. Odor, appearance, and overall acceptability ratings for cantaloupe and honeydew fresh-cut pieces treated with nisin-EDTA or chlorine were not significantly (P > 0.05) different from each other throughout the storage period (15 to 21 days). However, both treatments led to significantly (P < 0.05) improved ratings compared to the controls for the fresh-cut pieces at 9 to 12 days of storage and thereafter. The results of this study suggest that treatments with nisin-EDTA before and after fresh-cut processing would improve the quality and extend the shelf-life of fresh-cut melon. [source] EIFFEL TOWER KEY CHAINS AND OTHER PIECES OF REALITY: THE PHILOSOPHY OF SOUVENIRS1PHILOSOPHICAL FORUM, Issue 3 2007DANIELLE M. LASUSA First page of article [source] A Bigger Piece of a Very Small Pie: Intrahousehold Resource Allocation and Poverty Reduction in AfricaDEVELOPMENT AND CHANGE, Issue 1 2007Bridget O'Laughlin ABSTRACT Feminist research has convincingly shown that an increase in household income does not necessarily lead to improvement in the well-being of all members of the household. More questionable is the policy conclusion often drawn from this research for rural Africa: redressing gender imbalance in control of productive resources will significantly reduce poverty. This contribution argues that the evidence and analysis presented by two studies repeatedly cited to show that gender inequality is inefficient are problematic. It is mythical to suggest that tinkering with women's market position by exchanging unequal collective rights to productive resources for individual ones will decisively reduce rural poverty in Africa. That will depend on the restructuring of long-term and deeply unequal processes of integration in the market, not on a firmer insertion of women within existing patterns of individualization and commodification of productive resources. [source] One Piece of the Puzzle: Individual Leadership and EU Foreign Policy DevelopmentINTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 4 2008Markus Thiel No abstract is available for this article. [source] PERFORMING THE OTHER: YOKO ONO'S CUT PIECEART HISTORY, Issue 1 2005Jieun Rhee Staged five times by Yoko Ono between 1964 and 1966, Cut Piece has been interpreted in a variety of ways, including an exploration of sadism/masochism and violence/victimization. It has also been discussed in terms of feminist discourses on the female body and the male gaze. By contrast, this famous event has rarely been examined in terms of audiences' responses to Ono's performances and in particular the relationship between such responses and the social, cultural, national and ethnic contexts. From sacred prostitution cults of Kumano bikuni to the sexual component of the Western avant garde, this essay examines the emblematic roles that Ono's Cut Piece played during the crucial years of performance art. [source] Pieces in the plant puzzleDIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS, Issue 5 2005erban Proche No abstract is available for this article. [source] High-Strength Porous Copper by Cold-Extrusion,ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS, Issue 9 2008H. Utsunomiya The authors propose a method to fabricate porous metals with high strength in this paper. Pieces of matrix metal and space-holder metal are deformed together by bulk forming for solid-phase bonding. From the bonded composite, only the space-holder metal is removed. If the deformation and the removal are conducted at cold or warm region, ,wrought' high-strength porous metal can be obtained. In this study, using aluminum as space holder, two types of porous copper with one-dimensional pores, i.e., lotus-type and honeycomb-type rods, have been successfully fabricated by cold extrusion followed by chemical leaching. Both the porous coppers fabricated show higher specific yield strength than a conventional porous metal. [source] Freshwater crayfish farming technology in the 1990s: a European and global perspectiveFISH AND FISHERIES, Issue 4 2000H.E.G. Ackefors This paper aims to describe the state of crayfish farming technology in the USA, Australia and Europe, and to discuss some of the prerequisites for this industry. Data from Europe are partly based on replies from a questionnaire sent out to scientists in all European countries. For other parts of the world, the crayfish literature has been reviewed and data from the August 2000 meeting of the International Association of Astacology are also included. Issues addressed in this review are cultivated species, production and productivity figures, production technique with regard to enclosures, reproduction and feed items, disease problems, predators, pond vegetation and water quality. Fewer than a dozen crayfish species are cultivated. The most attractive ones for culture and stocking in natural waters have been transferred to more than one continent. Pond rearing techniques predominate in all countries, and the technology required to achieve the spawning and rearing of juveniles is relatively simple. Pieces of fish, carrots and potatoes are frequent supplementary feed items; plants, cereals, pieces of meat, zooplankton and pellets are also common. Diseases are not usually a major concern, except in Europe where the American plague fungus, Aphanomyces astaci, has eradicated many European crayfish populations. Predators identified as common include insects and amphibians, as well as fishes, birds and mammals. Many water macrophytes are common in crayfish farms. These may either serve a useful function or cause problems for the crayfish farmer. Water temperature is the crucial factor for crayfish production. Water parameters such as pH and certain inorganic ion concentrations may also be of concern. Acidic waters that occur in some areas are generally detrimental to crayfish. The total yield from crayfish production from farming and fishery is in the order of 120 000,150 000 tonnes, more than four times the quantity given by FAO statistics. The largest crayfish producer is the Peoples' Republic of China, followed by the USA (70 000 and 50 000 tonnes in 1999, respectively). Of the quantity produced in the USA in 1999, about 35 000 tonnes was farmed. The yield in Europe was about 4500 tonnes in 1994, and of this quantity only 160 tonnes came from aquaculture. There are no official statistics for crayfish fishery production in Australia, but about 400 tonnes came from aquaculture in 1999. [source] Unequal Pieces of a Shrinking Pie: The Struggle between African Americans and Latinos over Education, Employment, and Empowerment in Compton, CaliforniaHISTORY OF EDUCATION QUARTERLY, Issue 4 2009Emily E. Straus First page of article [source] Pieces On Our Craft: Transatlantic Relations in the Shadow of September 11INTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES, Issue 3 2002Karen Donfried No abstract is available for this article. [source] Pieces On Our Craft: Short Attention Spans and Glazed Eyes: Teaching World Politics in the University TrenchesINTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES, Issue 4 2001Steven Majstorovic No abstract is available for this article. [source] Pieces On Our Craft: The Roadrunner and Coyote Guide to IR TheoryINTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES, Issue 3 2001Article first published online: 28 JUN 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] Pieces on Our Craft: Peace and Conflict Studies in an Era of Academic and Global UncertaintyINTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES, Issue 3 2000Ho-Won Jeong No abstract is available for this article. [source] Pieces On Our Craft: Clinton's Strategic FailureINTERNATIONAL STUDIES PERSPECTIVES, Issue 2 2000Melvin A. Goodman No abstract is available for this article. [source] Effects of eutrophication on bioeroding sponge communities with the description of new West Indian sponges, Cliona spp. (Porifera: Hadromerida: Clionidae)INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2000Katherine E. Holmes Abstract. Pieces of coral rubble (Porites porites), collected from across 3 fringing reefs that lie along a eutrophication gradient, were examined for the presence of clionid sponges. A similarity analysis of species composition showed that reef zone had less effect on clionid community composition than did other factors affecting the reefs as a whole. Except on the back reef, the Zones, distances, and depths within the reefs had no significant influence on the number of clionid invasions. Reef comparisons demonstrated that clionid abundance increased with increasing eutrophication. Clionids were found in 41% of the pieces collected from the most eutrophic site vs. 24% from the least eutrophic. Because clionids are the principal bio-eroders of coral reefs, any increase in their abundance will likely result in greater bioerosion rates. The mean abundance of Type 3 corals (in which fragmentation is the primary mode of propagation) is positively related to the frequency of boring sponge invasion. suggesting that increased bioerosion may be partly responsible for community shifts toward Type 3 corals in polluted waters. Cliona cf. vastifica, found for the first time in Barbados, flourishes on the most eutrophic reef and may become an important bioeroder under the highly eutrophic conditions that have begun to plague West Indian reefs. Two new species of Cliona (Porifera: Hadro-merida: Clionidae) are described. [source] MIXTURES OF BEEF TRIPE, BEEF LIVER AND SOYBEANS APPLIED TO FOOD DEVELOPMENTJOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 3 2007L. MALVESTITI ABSTRACT A nutritive sausage-type product was developed with beef tripe, beef liver and soybeans as ingredients. A three-component mixture design was used to obtain seven different formulations (minimum of each main ingredient: 16.5%, maximum: 67.0%). Ingredients were ground, mixed and packed tightly with a polypropylene film to obtain a roll. Pieces were cooked in boiling water for 90 min. The composition of the obtained products varied within the following ranges: proteins 17.32,25.56 g/100 g, lipids 3.22,3.87 g/100 g, crude fiber 1.50,4.50 g/100 g, minerals 1.44,2.72 g/100 g. Total iron levels varied between 1.39 and 2.98 mg/100 g and calcium levels between 15.07 and 34.01 mg/100 g. Surface response analysis was applied to parameters obtained from texture profile analysis (hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness and elasticity). Products hardness increased when the soy content increased; on the contrary, formulations enriched in beef tripe were those of higher elasticity and cohesiveness. Color was mainly determined by the incorporation of liver. A nontrained panel was used to evaluate the acceptance of the different formulations. The most accepted one was that with equal proportions of the three main ingredients. Microbiological challenge testing showed that the thermal treatment was enough for assuring the product safeness even in samples with high initial microbial charge. [source] Gaining and Losing Pieces of the Supply ChainJOURNAL OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2003P. Fraser Johnson SUMMARY This research focused on changes in supply chain responsibilities. The primary research question was: What are the reasons (drivers) for major changes in supply chain responsibilities? Over 200 such changes, comprising 158 additions and 44 deletions, were documented in the research. The findings are based on 10 case studies in large multi-business unit companies, seven head quartered in the United States and three in Europe, representing a variety of industries. Findings indicated three drivers of change for supply chain responsibilities. The chief purchasing officer and his or her staff members had a great deal of influence, particularly in additions to category 1 (acquisition of specific organizational needs) and category 2 (activities within the total supply chain). [source] Effect of dietary supplementation with vitamin E on characteristics of vacuum-packed lambJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 4 2007Jesús de la Fuente Abstract The effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on lamb during vacuum-packed storage was studied. Thirty-six weaned male Manchego breed lambs were offered four dietary treatments (20, 270, 520 and 1020 mg vitamin E kg,1 feed). Lambs were fed the vitamin E-supplemented diet from 13 until 26 kg live weight. Pieces of M. longissimus dorsi were stored under vacuum at 2 ± 1 °C in the dark and meat quality was assessed after 5, 14 and 28 days of storage. Dietary supplementation significantly increased the ,-tocopherol concentration in the muscle (P < 0.001). Initially, lipid oxidation, meat colour and bacterial load were similar in all groups. In meat of non-supplemented lambs the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value increased throughout storage, whereas in meat of supplemented lambs it did not increase. Meat pigments and discolouration proportion were significantly affected by storage time (P < 0.001). The bacterial load was low initially, but after 28 days of storage it was close to 7 log10 colony-forming units (cfu) cm,2 and Enterobacteriaceae surpassed the limit of acceptability of 2.5 log10 cfu cm,2, making the lamb unsuitable for human consumption. Meat of supplemented lambs displayed less lipid oxidation than that of their non-supplemented counterparts, while meat colour and bacterial load were not affected by supplementation. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Comparison of global gene expression between porcine testis tissue xenografts and porcine testis in situMOLECULAR REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT, Issue 6 2007Wenxian Zeng Abstract Testis tissue from immature mammalian donor animals, grafted ectopically to immunodeficient mouse hosts, can undergo complete spermatogenesis with the production of fertilization-competent spermatozoa. To further characterize testis tissue xenografts as a model for testis function in situ, the objective of this study was to compare gene expression between porcine testis tissue xenografts and testis tissue in situ. Pieces of testis tissue from 1-week-old piglets were grafted onto immunodeficient male mice and a littermate piglet was raised for comparison as control. Complete spermatogenesis was present in the testis tissue xenografts at 8 months after transplantation into mouse hosts and in the 8-month-old control porcine testis tissue. Total RNA was isolated from xenografts and control tissue, and the RNA was labeled and hybridized to the porcine genome array. By analyzing the expression of 23,256 transcripts, we found that 71 genes were differentially expressed with at least a fourfold difference between xenografts and control tissue. Interestingly, none of the 56 transcripts present on the array that were annotated in porcine testis showed differential expression between xenografts and control testis. This analysis indicates that global gene expression in porcine testis xenografts appears comparable to testis tissue in situ. These findings support the hypothesis that testis tissue xenografts can provide a representative model to study mammalian spermatogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74: 674,679, 2007. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] School Kids and Oil Rigs: Two More Pieces of the Post-Katrina Puzzle in New OrleansAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Kelly Frailing Shortly after Hurricane Katrina's landfall in August 2005 and the reports of rampant looting of businesses in the city, we became curious about the extent of Katrina looting as compared to that after other major storms that hit New Orleans in 1947 and in 1965. Using burglary as a proxy variable for looting, we discovered that the burglary rates in the month before and the month after Katrina were significantly higher than those before and after the other two hurricanes. We then investigated the socioeconomic conditions in the city in an effort to explain these numbers. Population loss and high unemployment rates, coupled with a decline in high-paying manufacturing jobs and an increase in low-wage food and hotel service jobs generated severe economic inequality in the city that exacerbated the situation created by Katrina. Our current analysis of the impact of public school desegregation and the oil bust suggests that both events contributed to population loss and the increase in low-wage jobs prior to the storm. We believe that this type of research can assist in the recovery of New Orleans by providing an understanding of the city's pre-Katrina social and economic conditions and make clearer which post-Katrina changes are desirable. [source] Twelve Easy Pieces for the PianoARCHITECTURAL DESIGN, Issue 3 2009Sean Lally First page of article [source] A Strange Alchemy: Cornelia ParkerART HISTORY, Issue 3 2003Lisa Tickner Cornelia Parker was nominated for the Turner Prize in 1997 and has exhibited widely in Britain, Europe and America, including a solo exhibition at the Serpentine Gallery in 1998. In conversation with Lisa Tickner, she discusses the impact of her early training and explores in detail sculptures and installations produced and exhibited since 1989. These include Thirty Pieces of Silver (1998), Cold Dark Matter: An Exploded View (1991) and The Maybe (1995). Parker discusses these works with reference to her fascination with particular materials, working processes and sculptural transformations. [source] Monitoring and regulation of marine aquaculture in DenmarkJOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY, Issue 4-5 2000P. B. Pedersen Summary Marine fish farming in Denmark is completely dominated by the farming of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) of 2,5 kg/piece in net cages or land-based flow-through systems, even though more species are being farmed on a small scale. The Danish production of rainbow trout in sea water reached some 8500 tonnes in 1998, and is unlikely to increase due to new restrictions imposed by the Ministry of Environment and Energy, including a provisional stop for extensions and new establishments. This prohibition was put in force in spite the fact that overall outlets are well below the frame allocated for marine fish farming. Generally, the procedures for obtaining allowances are complicated, involving regional and national institutions as well as public hearings. The procedures are described in this article. [source] Development of a gait rehabilitation system using a locomotion interfaceCOMPUTER ANIMATION AND VIRTUAL WORLDS (PREV: JNL OF VISUALISATION & COMPUTER ANIMATION), Issue 5 2003Hiroaki Yano Abstract A locomotion interface (LI) is a piece of equipment that can give a user the sense that he/she is walking while his/her actual position remains localized in the real world. We developed an LI system (GaitMaster2) that has two footpads, which can move to represent a virtual terrain for each user's foot. In this research, we applied our LI to gait rehabilitation. The footpads on our LI follow a pre-recorded motion sequence to move the user's feet. We conducted evaluation tests with the assistance of hemiplegic patients. The effectiveness of our system was verified through EMG, video analysis and the measurement of physical values such as average velocity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] An educational tool for power electronics circuitsCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION, Issue 1 2010Cetin Elmas Abstract In this study, an educational tool has been prepared for a shorter term and more economic education of power electronics circuits. In parallel with the improvements of semiconductor technology, the development of power electronics circuits has magnified the importance of either teorical or practical education of power electronics course. The education of power electronic circuits in laboratory is an agelong, costly piece of work. In this study, to overcome the mentioned negativities, a tool has been prepared for the education of power electronic circuits. The tool, which has been prepared on C++ Builder environment has a flexible structure and a graphical interface. It has enabled the analysis of working principles of the circuits and traceability of the system response by the help of graphics, under different conditions created by changing the values of circuit elements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 157,165, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com); DOI 10.1002/cae.20237 [source] Geodesic-Controlled Developable Surfaces for Modeling Paper BendingCOMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 3 2007Pengbo Bo Abstract We present a novel and effective method for modeling a developable surface to simulate paper bending in interactive and animation applications. The method exploits the representation of a developable surface as the envelope of rectifying planes of a curve in 3D, which is therefore necessarily a geodesic on the surface. We manipulate the geodesic to provide intuitive shape control for modeling paper bending. Our method ensures a natural continuous isometric deformation from a piece of bent paper to its flat state without any stretching. Test examples show that the new scheme is fast, accurate, and easy to use, thus providing an effective approach to interactive paper bending. We also show how to handle non-convex piecewise smooth developable surfaces. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||