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Phenomenon
Kinds of Phenomenon Selected AbstractsINTERCITY RENT DIFFERENTIALS IN THE U.S. HOUSING MARKET 2000: UNDERSTANDING RENT VARIATIONS AS A SOCIOLOGICAL PHENOMENONJOURNAL OF URBAN AFFAIRS, Issue 4 2009JOHN I. GILDERBLOOM ABSTRACT:,This study extends the intercity rent differentials investigation by Gilderbloom and Appelbaum (1988) in relatively independent housing markets to see how it can be replicated using U.S. census data from the year 2000 against the 1970 and 1980 models with the addition of several new variables to measure its impact on intercity rents. We find that region, race, and climate no longer explain rent differentials in 2000 as it did in the 1980 research, while affirming that a large percentage of old houses and small mom-and-pop landlords causes rents to fall. We find that both the cost of homeownership and the level of household income remain critical factors in explaining the level of median rent across cities. We also find a strong correlation between cities with extensive anti-war activity in the late 1960s and same sex households having higher rents, although more research needs to be done before we argue a causal relationship. We contend that sociology needs to be put back into the equation in order to understand how rents vary from city to city. Our explanation of rent variations adds a social dimension that most other researches miss. We also show how the amount of explanatory power is increased significantly by adding in a sociological dimension. [source] EROS AND/AS DESIRE,A THEOLOGICAL AFFIRMATION: PAUL TILLICH READ IN THE LIGHT OF JEAN-LUC MARION'S THE EROTIC PHENOMENONMODERN THEOLOGY, Issue 2 2010JAN-OLAV HENRIKSEN The article interprets Tillich's varied elaborations on different aspects of eros, mainly in his Systematic Theology, by reading them in the light of Jean-Luc Marion's phenomenological description of eros in its various aspects in The Erotic Phenomenon. The erotic in Tillich not only has to do with sex and desire, but also with his commitment to a realistic approach to what it means to be human, to human culture, and to confronting false and estranging interpretations of basic human phenomena. What seems to be missing in Tillich, however, is a more comprehensive treatment of eros/desire that would make possible an understanding of the phenomenological (and consequently existential) fullness of this phenomenon. I suggest that this can be achieved by reading Tillich by way of Marion's phenomenological analysis. This also has the virtue of overcoming the all-too abstract character of Tillich's reasoning without at the same time dismissing Tillich's treatment of eros. I will also draw out some implications for how one might deal with eros and desire in the emerging discussion in present systematic theology. [source] Testing the "Inverted-U" Phenomenon in Moral Development on Recently Promoted Senior Managers and Partners,CONTEMPORARY ACCOUNTING RESEARCH, Issue 2 2004RICHARD A. BERNARDI Abstract This paper examines the change in the average level of moral development over a 7.5-year period of promotion, attrition, and survival in five Big 6 firms. The study improves upon previous cross-sectional studies that found decreases in the average level of moral development at the senior manager and partner levels, which has been referred to as the "inverted-U" phenomenon. Problems with these studies that limit the generalizability of their findings include their cross-sectional nature and samples that usually come from one or two firms. Over a 7.5-year period, we found that the participating Big 6 firms retained auditors with higher average levels of moral development (measured using the defining issues test), while those with lower average levels left the firms. The average level of moral development for new partners was at least as high as the group from which they came. This research suggests that the concern about Big 6 firms retaining a higher proportion of auditors with lower moral development may be an artifact of research design. [source] Selective Spread of a Malignant Melanoma into a Graft after Ten Years: A Case of Delayed Koebner PhenomenonDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 6 2006PEDRO REDONDO MD First page of article [source] Pemphigus Foliaceus Masquerading as Postoperative Wound Infection: Report of a Case and Review of the Koebner and Related Phenomenon following Surgical ProceduresDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 2 2005Adam M. Rotunda MD Background The Koebner phenomenon, also known as the isomorphic response, is the development of preexisting skin disease following trauma to uninvolved skin. Various cutaneous disorders have been described to arise at surgical wounds and scars. Moreover, dermatologic procedures, such as cold-steel and laser surgery, can evoke koebnerization. Objective To describe a case of pemphigus foliaceus arising in postoperative wounds and to present a review of dermatologic disorders triggered by surgical procedures. Methods We report a case of pemphigus foliaceus initially presenting at sites of Mohs' micrographic surgery, shave biopsy, and cryotherapy and, subsequently, at a nonsurgical site. We reviewed the English literature in MEDLINE from November 1955 to April 2004 for reports of Koebner and related phenomenon following surgical procedures. Results To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pemphigus foliaceus erupting at surgical and cryotherapy wounds. The clinical appearance can mimic wound infection. In addition to inducing preexisting disease, cutaneous procedures can also trigger the onset of new disease, which can either be limited only to the surgical site or subsequently become generalized. Conclusion Postoperative Koebner or related responses should be included in the differential diagnosis of poorly healing surgical wounds. Skin biopsies for histopathology and immunologic studies may be necessary for definitive diagnosis and optimal management. ADAM M. ROTUNDA, MD, ANAND R. BHUPATHY, DO, ROBERT DYE, MD, AND TERESA T. SORIANO, MD, HAVE INDICATED NO SIGNIFICANT INTEREST WITH COMMERCIAL SUPPORTERS. [source] Cavitation versus Degassing: In Vitro Study of the Microbubble Phenomenon Observed During Echocardiography in Patients with Mechanical Prosthetic Cardiac ValvesECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Issue 7 2002Grégoire Girod M.D. Background: With the advent of second harmonic imaging in echocardiography, microbubbles have been observed during opening and closure of mechanical prosthetic valves. The single phenomenon of cavitation, an extremely short event described in the literature, cannot explain the persistence of microbubbles during several hundred milliseconds. Therefore, in vitro we reproduced two distinct phenomena created by a local depression occurring during the closure and/or opening of prosthetic valves: Cavitation and degassing. Methods: We used a water circuit system enriched with CO2 that passes through a Venturi tube in order to create variable pressure gradients. Three types of observations were performed: (1) the dimensions of the bubbles as a function of pressure, (2) calibration of the echocardiograph, and (3) comparison and illustrations of the difference between bubble formation by cavitation (vaporization) and degassing (liberation of CO2). Results: According to the different pressures exerted, the dimensions of the bubbles only vary by several microns, not measurable in practice. Second, the calibration of the echocardiograph reveals that the dimensions of the bubbles measured by ultrasound are greater by a factor of 1.75. Finally, the observed cavitation is a short phenomenon (several milliseconds) and happens under a great local pressure gradient. The degassing produces microbubbles lasting up to as long as > 1 second under much lower pressure. Conclusion: This in vitro study suggests that microbubbles observed during several hundred milliseconds after the opening of prosthetic cardiac valves are the result of degassing of CO2 in blood rather than a cavitation phenomenon as suggested in the literature. [source] Chlorophyll Catabolites , Chemical and Structural Footprints of a Fascinating Biological Phenomenon,EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 1 2009Simone Moser Abstract Twenty years ago, the molecular basis for the seasonal disappearance of chlorophyll was still enigmatic. In the meantime, our knowledge on chlorophyll breakdown has grown considerably. As outlined here, it has been possible to decipher the basic transformations involved in natural chlorophyll breakdown by identification of chlorophyll catabolites in higher plants, and with the help of the synthesis of (putative) catabolic intermediates. In vascular plants, chlorophyll breakdown typically converts the green plant pigments efficiently into colorless and non-fluorescent tetrapyrroles. It involves colored intermediates only fleetingly and in an (elusive) enzyme-bound form. The non-fluorescent chlorophyll catabolites accumulate in the vacuoles of degreened leaves and are considered the products, primarily, of a detoxification process. However, they are effective antioxidants, and may thus also have physiologically beneficial chemical properties.(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009) [source] Formation of Nickel Oxide Nanotubes with Uniform Wall Thickness by Low-Temperature Thermal Oxidation Through Understanding the Limiting Effect of Vacancy Diffusion and the Kirkendall PhenomenonADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 19 2010Yi Ren Abstract In this work, the step-wise oxidation mechanism of nickel (Ni) nanowires is elucidated. Rapid vacancy diffusion plays a significant role at low temperatures in forming heterostructures of nickel oxide (NiO) nanotubes with Ni nanowires. Subsequent investigations of Ni nanowire oxidation at higher temperatures and faster temperature ramp rates show that it is difficult to bypass this rapid vacancy diffusion stage, which affects the formation of the final structure. Therefore, it is unlikely to form solid NiO nanowires or NiO nanotubes with uniform wall thickness through the conventional annealing/oxidation process of Ni nanowires. Instead, a step-wise oxidation process by combining low temperature oxidation with a chemical etching step is utilized to produce for the first time NiO nanotubes with uniform wall thickness from Ni nanowires. [source] Occupational Segregation and the Tipping Phenomenon: The Contrary Case of Court Reporting in the USAGENDER, WORK & ORGANISATION, Issue 2 2007Joyce P. Jacobsen The ,tipping' phenomenon, whereby an occupation switches from dominance by one demographic group to dominance by another, has occurred in various occupations. Multiple causes have been suggested for such switches, including several related to technological change, both through effects on the performance of the work and through the effect of changing demand for different occupations. The court reporting occupation provides a novel setting for testing the relevance of various proposed causes for the increased feminization of many occupations. In this case, many of the general correlates, including declining wages, are not found; rather the phenomenon is related to the earlier feminization of the clerical workforce and the increased identification of court reporting with clerical work. [source] Migraine and Raynaud Phenomenon: Possible Late Complications of Kawasaki DiseaseHEADACHE, Issue 3 2002Cris S. Constantinescu MD Migraine and Raynaud phenomenon often coexist and may reflect similar vascular reactions. Both have been associated with vascular endothelial cell dysfunction. Kawasaki disease is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology that affects children and may lead to the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. Endothelial cell dysfunction has been demonstrated late in Kawasaki disease and is not restricted to coronary vessels. We report the case of a patient who developed typical migraine with aura and Raynaud phenomenon at the age of 14, 12 years after onset of Kawasaki disease. His migraine responded well to pizotifen, and both migraine and Raynaud phenomenon improved after initiation of treatment with valproic acid. We postulate that both migraine and Raynaud phenomenon in this case represent late consequences of Kawasaki disease and result from extracoronary endothelial dysfunction. [source] Centralized Wage Bargaining and the "Celtic Tiger" PhenomenonINDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 3 2007LUCIO BACCARO Drawing on a variety of sources and research methods, this article argues that centralized wage bargaining contributed to the "Celtic Tiger" phenomenon by linking wage increases in the dynamic multinational companies sector to wage and productivity increases in the much more sluggish domestic sector of the economy and, in so doing, considerably increased the competitiveness of foreign multinational companies,a key driver of Irish growth. The article also argues that much-received wisdom about the institutional and organizational preconditions for centralized wage regulation needs to be reconsidered in light of the Irish case. Public sector unions played a pivotal role in initiating and sustaining wage centralization, yet their leadership role did not undermine its effectiveness. Likewise, internal democratic procedures and the absence of wage compression policies, rather than centralized organizational structures, facilitated compliance with centralized wage policies. [source] Psychodynamic and Neurological Perspectives on ADHD: Exploring Strategies for Defining a PhenomenonJOURNAL FOR THE THEORY OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR, Issue 4 2001Adam Rafalovich This article is a discourse analysis of two historical inquiries into what clinici-ans today call attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Of primary con-cern in this regard are psychodynamic perspectives towards ADHD symptoms, championed by psychoanalysts and psychologists, and neurological perspectives towards ADHD, which continue to favor a purely physiological approach to understanding the disorder. Those within the psychodynamic camp are inclined to view ADHD as an interactional difficulty between self and social environment - a condition best remedied by psychotherapy. Those within the neurological camp see ADHD as a specific brain process, whose effective treatment depends upon adequate psychopharmacology. This essay argues that both psychodynamic and neurological perspectives towards ADHD have strategized to legitimate one perspective through the expulsion of the other. Within the current era of ADHD nomenclature and treatment it is clear that neurological perspectives dominate the debate. However, neurological perspectives continue to be haunted by a considerable amount of skepticism, both nationally and internationally. Because of this it would be difficult to assert that neurological perspectives, though winning the "legitimation race" in contemporary understandings of ADHD, are entirely monolithic sources of ADHD knowledge. [source] Synergistic effect of halide ions and polyethylene glycol on the corrosion inhibition of aluminium in alkaline mediumJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2009S.A. Umoren Abstract The corrosion inhibition of aluminium in alkaline medium was studied at 30 and 40°C in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) using gravimetric (weight loss) and thermometric techniques. The effect of halides (KCl, KBr, and KI) on the inhibitory action of PEG was also studied. It was found that PEG acted as inhibitor for aluminium corrosion in the alkaline medium. Inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentration. An increase in temperature led to increase in both the corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency in the absence and presence of inhibitor and halides. Phenomenon of chemical adsorption mechanism is proposed from the values of Ea, Qads, and ,G obtained. The adsorption of PEG on the surface of aluminium was found to obey Flory,Huggins and Temkin adsorption isotherms. The synergism parameter, S1 evaluated was found to be greater than unity indicating that the enhanced inhibition efficiency caused by the addition of halides is synergistic in nature. The inhibition efficiency, surface coverage and synergism parameter increased in the order; I,> Br,> Cl, showing that a joint adsorption of PEG and halide ions on aluminium plays a significant role in the adsorption process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009 [source] Polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol as corrosion inhibitors for aluminium in acidic mediumJOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2007S. A. Umoren Abstract The corrosion inhibition of aluminum in H2SO4 in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as inhibitors at 30,60 °C was studied using gravimetric, gasometric, and thermometric techniques. The inhibition efficiency (%I) increased with increase in concentration of the inhibitors. Increase in temperature increased the corrosion rate in the absence and presence of inhibitors but decreased the inhibition efficiency. Both PEG and PVA were found to obey Temkin adsorption isotherm at all concentrations and temperatures studied. Phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from the activation parameters obtained. Thermodynamic parameters reveal that the adsorption process is spontaneous. PEG was found to be a better inhibitor than PVA. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007 [source] Abrupt Aortic Root Dilation After the Ross Procedure,Is This a Progressive Phenomenon?JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 5 2003Rafael E. Villavicencio M.D. Several mechanisms are described. [source] Clinical Experience with a Novel Intracoronary Perfusion Catheter to Treat No-Reflow Phenomenon in Acute Coronary SyndromesJOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 2 2010GABRIEL MALUENDA M.D. Background:,The no-reflow phenomenon is an often seen complication in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This event is associated with poor prognosis and poses a therapeutic challenge. Methods:,This retrospective study cohort was composed of 30 patients who presented with ACS between September 2007 and April 2009, and developed no-reflow during subsequent PCI. The primary end-point was defined as normal Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 3 flow with myocardial blush grade (MBG) ,2 or an increase in TIMI flow by ,2 grades with a MBG ,2 after intracoronary drug infusion via the ClearWay (CW) RX perfusion catheter. Results:,The population presented with a relatively high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. ST-elevation myocardial infarction was the most common presentation (60.0%), while 20% of the patients presented with cardiogenic shock. After intracoronary infusion of nicardipine or nitroprusside using the CW catheter, TIMI flow improved from the baseline in 19 cases (63.3%, P < 0.001), and 16 patients (53.3%, P < 0.001) achieved normal coronary flow at the end of the procedure. The rate of in-hospital death was 6.7% (2 cases). No clinical differences were noted between those patients who successfully achieved normal coronary flow and those with persistent no-reflow. Conclusion:,The infusion of intracoronary drugs using the novel perfusion CW RX catheter seems to be safe and could help to improve myocardial perfusion in a selected group of patients presenting with ACS who developed no-reflow during PCI. (J Interven Cardiol 2010;23:109-113) [source] Actualidades Bolivia's "Evo Phenomenon": From Identity to What?JOURNAL OF LATIN AMERICAN & CARIBBEAN ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 2 2006Robert Albro First page of article [source] SIAM-Like Phenomenon Caused by Low Doses of AlcoholALCOHOLISM, Issue 2010Akiko Shimamoto Background:, Swift increase in alcohol metabolism (SIAM) is usually evoked by a large dose of ethanol, which is often demonstrated by an abrupt increase in oxygen uptake. SIAM was induced by low doses of ethanol and evaluated by pharmacokinetic analyses of ethanol and its metabolites. Methods:, Rabbits were initially administered 1.0 g/kg of ethanol solution and the same dose was given to the bolus group 6 hours after the first injection. The infusion group was administered 0.25 g/kg/h of ethanol 2 hours after the first injection. Blood concentrations of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetate were then determined and comparisons were made using pharmacokinetic parameters. Results:, A significantly higher ethanol elimination rate was observed after re-administration of ethanol to the bolus group. Other pharmacokinetic parameters were unaffected. The concentration at steady state (Css) for the infusion group was stable. A significantly higher level of mean residence time (MRT) in blood acetaldehyde was observed for the bolus group, whereas no MRT changes were observed for the infusion group. A significantly higher level of blood acetate Css was observed after re-administration of ethanol to the bolus group, following the changes in area under concentration and MRT. No Css changes were observed for the infusion group. The Css of acetate at stage 2 was significantly higher for the bolus group, compared to the infusion group. Conclusion:, Low doses of ethanol enhanced alcohol metabolism in rabbits, according to a pharmacokinetic analysis of circulating ethanol concentrations. Simultaneous analyses of its metabolites followed the kinetic of ethanol. [source] The History of Articulators: The "Articulator Wars" Phenomenon with Some Circumstances Leading up to ItJOURNAL OF PROSTHODONTICS, Issue 4 2010Edgar N. Starcke DDS Abstract At the dawn of the 20th century, all was not well with the practice of "plate prostheses." Removable prosthodontics had been degrading for several decades and was now generally in low esteem, even though there had been many significant advances. W. E. Walker had introduced adjustable condylar guides, George Snow, the facebow, and Carl Christensen, a method for clinically measuring the condylar inclines. Nevertheless, the average practicing dentist was still using simple hinge articulators and was apathetic to the deplorable state of the artificial teeth available; however, this was all going to change dramatically when two dentists, Alfred Gysi and J. Leon Williams, working together between 1910 and 1914, presented to the profession the "Trubyte Artificial Tooth System" that embodied both a typal system for selecting anterior teeth and new posterior occlusal carvings that made possible, for the first time, the articulation of artificial teeth. This incited many of prosthetic dentistry's elite to introduce their own theories of mandibular movement and the articulators that they designed to reflect those theories. The intense debates that ensued, both in the meeting halls and in the literature, were numerous and lasted for decades. At the time, the "Articulator Wars" had both positive and negative consequences. Today, with many of the "Articulator Wars" issues remaining as part of the practice of dentistry, the "Articulator Wars" can be considered a phenomenon of enlightenment. [source] The Birth of Popular Heresy: A Millennial Phenomenon?JOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS HISTORY, Issue 1 2000R. I. Moore First page of article [source] The Birth of Heresy: A Millennial PhenomenonJOURNAL OF RELIGIOUS HISTORY, Issue 1 2000Richard Landes First page of article [source] Cognitive Preference Reversal or Market Price Reversal?KYKLOS INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, Issue 2 2005Xiaoyong Chai Summary Preference Reversal Phenomenon (PRP) has been most often scrutinized as a puzzle of ,preferences', while the discovery of the ,endowment effect' explicitly questions the parity between preference and price. The author's experiment (N = 186) connects these two extraordinary findings and illustrates that PRP is only a reversal of price in a ,market.' PRP merely proves that subjects demand to be compensated based on loss under market access deprivation when a ,maximum buying'/,minimum selling' price is elicited, and preference transitivity is restored once the misleading market manipulation is experimentally controlled. By defending preference transitivity, the author asserts that normal access to the bargaining process is indispensable for a competitive market where preference price parity is required. To make valid measurements of preference and price, the sealed envelope method is substituted for the judged-indifferent-point (JIP) method, and the binding statement method is substituted for the Becker-DeGroot-Marschack method. McNemar test scores are calculated to compare the effects of different methods. [source] Questioning the Water -War Phenomenon In The Jordan BasinMIDDLE EAST POLICY, Issue 3 2000Murad Shaheen [source] Unmasking Effect of Propafenone on the Concealed Form of the Brugada PhenomenonPACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY, Issue 3 2000ANTE MATANA A case report of a patient with frequent ventricular premature beats but with an otherwise normal ECG and no structural heart disease. Propafenone in therapeutical doses unmasked the ECG picture of the Brugada phenomenon [source] Interrogating the Phenomenon of Denial: Contesting Paternity in Caribbean Magistrates' CourtsPOLAR: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANTHROPOLOGY REVIEW, Issue 1 2001Mindie Lazarus-Black First page of article [source] The Adventures of Amos ,n' Andy: A Social History of an American PhenomenonTHE JOURNAL OF POPULAR CULTURE, Issue 1 2004Tona J. Hangen No abstract is available for this article. [source] Phenomenon with I-Gel airway: a replyANAESTHESIA, Issue 2 2009D. Chapman No abstract is available for this article. [source] Beyond a "Small World", Real Life: Multi-Faceted Phenomenon of Research in Business SchoolsCANADIAN JOURNAL OF ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, Issue 3 2002Richard Déry First page of article [source] Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon and Risk for Sudden Cardiac Death Due to Ventricular Arrhythmias: A Case Report and Review of LiteratureCLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 8 2008Dr. Shoaib Saya Abstract We report a case of coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) in a patient who underwent coronary angiography due to anginal chest pain and recurrent syncope with complete normalization of flow after intracoronary adenosine. He was noted to have multiple episodes of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia on holter monitor and increased QTc dispersion on surface electrocardiogram (EKG). He responded very well to oral dipyridamole therapy with complete resolution of his symptoms and no episodes of ventricular tachycardia on the event recorder at 3 months. We review the diagnosis and clinical features of CSFP and its association with increased QTc dispersion and the role of oral dipyridamole therapy in this condition. Copyright © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Computational Evidence for the Subitizing Phenomenon as an Emergent Property of the Human Cognitive ArchitectureCOGNITIVE SCIENCE - A MULTIDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL, Issue 1 2000Scott A. Peterson A computational modeling approach was used to test one possible explanation for the limited capacity of the subitizing phenomenon. Most existing models of this phenomenon associate the subitizing span with an assumed structural limitation of the human information processing system. In contrast, we show how this limit might emerge as the combinatorics of the space of enumeration problems interacts with the human cognitive architecture in the context of an enumeration task. Subitizing-like behavior was generated in two different models of enumeration, one based on the ACT-R cognitive architecture and the other based on the principles of parallel distributed processing (PDP). Our results provide good qualitative fits to results obtained in a variety of empirical studies. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||