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Personality Attributes (personality + attribute)
Selected AbstractsNidotherapy: a new approach to the treatment of personality disorderACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2002Peter Tyrer Objective:,To develop a treatment, nidotherapy, or nest therapy, so named because it aims to alter the sufferer's personal environment rather than symptoms or behaviour, in the management of personality disorders. Method:,Case studies, in which analysis of the environmental circumstances associated with the problems of personality disorder is followed by planned adjustment to that environment so that it makes a more appropriate fit for the personality. Results:,Sustained improvement was found in two individuals with personality disorder after nidotherapy. Those with persistent and predictable personality attributes are easier in principle to treat than those with episodic or variable problems. Conclusion:,Nidotherapy deserves further consideration in the management of personality disorders. [source] Locus of control and the flow experience: An experimental analysisEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 7 2008Johannes Keller Abstract The present research addresses the notion that the compatibility of skills and task demands involved in a given activity elicits a flow experience that renders the respective activity rewarding. The study employed an experimental paradigm to document the causal impact of skills,demands compatibility on the emergence of flow and revealed that participants characterized by a strong internal locus of control (LOC) were most sensitive to the manipulation of skills,demands compatibility and experienced flow under conditions of a fit of skills and task demands, whereas individuals with a weak internal LOC did not enter the state of flow. In line with previous findings, this suggests that distinct personality attributes are of critical relevance for the experience of flow to emerge. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] What Modifies the Expression of Personality Tendencies?JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 3 2007Defining Basic Domains of Situation Variables ABSTRACT A taxonomy of personality-relevant situations will provide a valuable complement to the taxonomy of personality attributes. To identify some of the most important modifying factors, we asked laypersons what modifies expression of their own traits. Spontaneously generated situation descriptors were elicited from 77 university students, leading to over 7,000 reports of situations. We determined the most frequently occurring words and phrases, and developed initial classification categories. Next, we tested the reliability of the categories, and made refinements to focus on those that proved most reliable. Based on results, we propose that situation descriptions involve at least four separable broad domains of variables,locations, associations, activities, and passively experienced processes,each of which appears to have distinct linguistic markers. [source] Lexical Studies of Indigenous Personality Factors: Premises, Products, and ProspectsJOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 6 2001Gerard Saucier The rationale for lexical studies rests on the assumption that the most meaningful personality attributes tend to become encoded in language as single-word descriptors. We articulate some key premises of the lexical approach and then review a number of studies that have been conducted examining the factor structure of personality descriptors extracted from dictionaries. We compare lexical studies in English and 12 other languages, with attention to delineating consistencies between the structures found in diverse languages. Our review suggests that the Anglo-Germanic Big Five is reproduced better in some languages than in others. We propose some organizing rules for lexical factor structures that may be more generalizable than the contemporary Big-Five model. And, we propose several candidate structural models that should be compared with the Big Five in future studies, including structures with one, two, and three very broad factors, an alternative five-factor structure identified in Italian and Hungarian studies, and a seven-factor structure represented in Hebrew and Philippine studies. We recommend that in future studies more attention be paid to middle-level personality constructs and to examining the effects of methodological variations on the resulting factor structures. [source] Analyses of Digman's Child-Personality Data: Derivation of Big-Five Factor Scores From Each of Six SamplesJOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 5 2001Lewis R. Goldberg One of the world's richest collections of teacher descriptions of elementary-school children was obtained by John M. Digman from 1959 to 1967 in schools on two Hawaiian islands. In six phases of data collection, 88 teachers described 2,572 of their students, using one of five different sets of personality variables. The present report provides findings from new analyses of these important data, which have never before been analyzed in a comprehensive manner. When factors developed from carefully selected markers of the Big-Five factor structure were compared to those based on the total set of variables in each sample, the congruence between both types of factors was quite high. Attempts to extend the structure to 6 and 7 factors revealed no other broad factors beyond the Big Five in any of the 6 samples. These robust findings provide significant new evidence for the structure of teacher-based assessments of child personality attributes. [source] Things to Do Today . . . : A Daily Diary Study on Task Completion at WorkAPPLIED PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2010Brigitte J.C. Claessens Relatively little is known about how goals in complex jobs are translated into action and how they are completed in real life settings. This study addressed the question to what extent planned work may actually be completed on a daily basis. The completion of daily work goals was studied in a sample of 878 tasks identified by 29 R&D engineers with the help of a daily diary. Multilevel analysis was used to analyse the joint effect of task attributes, perceived job characteristics, and personality attributes on the completion of planned work goals. At the level of task attributes, we found that priority, urgency, and lower importance were related to task completion, and at the individual level, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and time management training. Task completion was not related to task attractiveness, workload, job autonomy, planning, or perceived control of time. On connaît relativement peu de choses sur la manière dont les objectifs dans des tâches complexes sont traduites en action et sur la manière dont elles sont accomplies dans le cadre de la vie quotidienne. Cette étude a abordé la question de savoir dans quelle mesure les travaux prévus peuvent être effectivement achevés dans la vie quotidienne. Pour ce faire, un échantillon de 878 tâches a été identifié par 29 ingénieurs R&D à l'aide d'un journal quotidien. Une analyse multi niveau a été réalisée pour étudier l'effet conjoint des caractéristiques de la tâche et des caractéristiques de la personnalité sur l'accomplissement des objectifs d'un travail planifié. Au niveau des caractéristiques de la tâche, nous trouvons que l'accomplissement de la tâche est liéà la priorité, l'urgence et une importance basse et au niveau individuel à la conscience, la stabilitéémotionnelle et à la gestion du temps. L'accomplissement de la tâche n'est pas liéà son attrait, à la charge de travail, à l'autonomie au travail ou au contrôle du temps perçu. [source] | ||||||||||