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Personal Consumption (personal + consumption)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%
Humanities and Social Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

A longitudinal evaluation of medical student knowledge, skills and attitudes to alcohol and drugs

ADDICTION, Issue 6 2006
Gavin Cape
ABSTRACT Aim To examine the knowledge, skills and attitudes of medical students to alcohol and drugs as training progresses. Design A longitudinal, prospective, cohort-based design. Setting The four schools of medicine in New Zealand. Participants All second-year medical students (first year of pre-clinical medical health sciences) in New Zealand were administered a questionnaire which was repeated in the fourth (first year of significant clinical exposure) and then sixth years (final year). A response rate of 98% in the second year, 75% in the fourth year and 34% in the sixth year, with a total of 637 respondents (47.8% male) and an overall response rate of 68%. Questionnaire The questionnaire consisted of 43 questions assessing knowledge and skills,a mixture of true/false and scenario stem-based multiple-choice questions and 25 attitudinal questions scored on a Likert scale. Demographic questions included first language, ethnicity and personal consumption of alcohol and tobacco. Findings The competence (knowledge plus skills) correct scores increased from 23.4% at the second year to 53.6% at the fourth year to 71.8% at the sixth year, being better in those students who drank alcohol and whose first language was English (P < 0.002). As training progressed the student's perceptions of their role adequacy regarding the effectiveness of the management of illicit drug users diminished. For example, at second year 21% and at sixth year 51% of students felt least effective in helping patients to reduce illicit drug use. At the sixth year, 15% of sixthyear students regarded the self-prescription of psychoactive drugs as responsible practice. Conclusion Education on alcohol and drugs for students remains a crucial but underprovided part of the undergraduate medical curriculum. This research demonstrated that while positive teaching outcomes were apparent, further changes to medical student curricula need to be considered to address specific knowledge deficits and to increase the therapeutic commitment and professional safety of medical students to alcohol and drugs. [source]

Fashion, Time and the Consumption of a Renaissance Man in Germany: The Costume Book of Matthäus Schwarz of Augsburg, 1496,1564

GENDER & HISTORY, Issue 3 2002
Gabriele MentgesArticle first published online: 11 FEB 200
This article uses the perspective of cultural anthropology to consider the construction of an early modern perception of time and its relation to the dress and personal consumption of a male subject. It focuses on a costume book from the Renaissance compiled by Matthäus Schwarz, a member of the bourgeoisie, who lived in Augsburg from 1496 to 1574. The book contains a collection of 137 drawings, portraying Schwarz's personal choice of dress. It is also an account of Schwarz's life, beginning with his parents, then covering his life,stages from birth to old age. The relationships between body and dress and between the male subject and the world run as a major thread through the book. This article shows how closely connected Schwarz's body is with the life of commodities (dress) and consumption. The life,story of this Renaissance man is expressed in terms of changing fashions, which act as his subjective measure of time. [source]

Attitudes towards globalization and cosmopolitanism: cultural diversity, personal consumption and the national economy

THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008
Ian Woodward
Abstract One of the widely accepted consequences of globalization is the development of individual outlooks, behaviours and feelings that transcend local and national boundaries. This has encouraged a re-assessment of important assumptions about the nature of community, personal attachment and belonging in the face of unprecedented opportunities for culture, identities and politics to shape, and be shaped by, global events and processes. Recently, the upsurge of interest in the concept of cosmopolitanism has provided a promising new framework for understanding the nexus between cosmopolitan dispositions and global interconnectedness across cultural, political and economic realms. Using data from a representative social survey of Australians this paper investigates the negotiation of belonging under the conditions of globalization. The data tap into attitudes and behaviours associated with a broad gamut of cosmopolitan traits in the domains of culture, consumption, human rights, citizenship, and international governance. They show how cosmopolitan outlooks are shaped by social structural factors, and how forms of identification with humanity and the globe are fractured by boundaries of self and others, threats and opportunities, and the value of things global and local. [source]

Functioning and disability in bipolar disorders: a systematic review of literature using the ICF as a reference

BIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 5 2010
Carolina C Ávila
Ávila CC, Cabello M, Cieza A, Vieta E, Ayuso-Mateos JL. Functioning and disability in bipolar disorders: a systematic review of literature using the ICF as a reference. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 473,482. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objectives:, To systematically identify and examine the frequency of use of concepts contained in outcome variables across bipolar disorder (BD) studies using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a reference. Methods:, Original studies published between 2000 and 2006 were located on the MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases and selected according to predetermined criteria. Outcome variables were extracted, and concepts contained therein were linked to the ICF. Results:, A total of 109 final studies were included. The concepts contained in these studies were linked to 145 different ICF categories. ICF category b152, emotional functions, was the most frequently represented category, appearing in 94% of the publications, followed by b126, temperament and personality functions (73%). E110, products or substances for personal consumption, and e580, health services, systems, and policies, appeared in 68% of the studies. Conclusions:, The present systematic review reflects the research focus of the literature on BD in recent years. Most of the studies performed concentrate on body functions rather than activities and participation domains. Experimental studies are mostly pharmacological, reflecting the need to study nonpharmacological interventions. Furthermore, our study shows that outcome variables used in studies with persons with BD can, to a large extent, be mapped to the ICF. [source]