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Peripheral Mononuclear Cells (peripheral + mononuclear_cell)
Selected AbstractsHyper-reactive mononuclear cells and neutrophils in chronic periodontitisJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2006A. Gustafsson Abstract Objectives: Stimulated mono- and polymorphonuclear cells from patients with periodontitis have shown increased release of interleukin-1, (IL-1,) and oxygen radicals, respectively. The aim was to study whether this hyper-reactivity could be found both in mono- and polymorphonuclear cells from the same patient, and whether there was a relation to the gene coding for IL-1, (IL-1,+3953). Material and Methods: Peripheral mononuclear cells from 14 non-smoking and well-treated patients and pair-matched controls were incubated with opsonized Staphylococcus aureus and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Released IL-1, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- , were determined with ELISA. Generation of oxygen radicals from the Fc, -receptor-stimulated neutrophils was measured with chemiluminescence and the polymorphism at IL-1,+3953 was measured with polymerase chainreaction. Results: The mononuclear cells from the patients released more IL-1, after incubation with LPS (p<0.001) and with bacteria (p<0.05). The release of TNF- , tended to be higher in the patient group. The peripheral neutrophils from the patients generated more oxygen radicals (p<0.06). We found no differences between the study groups regarding the IL-1,+3953 polymorphism. Conclusion: The similarity in systemic inflammation between patients and controls suggests that the increased release/generation of IL-1, and oxygen radicals from peripheral leukocytes in periodontitis patients is of a constitutional nature and of pathogenic relevance. [source] Regulation of adiponectin in adipocytes upon exposure to HIV-1HIV MEDICINE, Issue 4 2006J-LG Sankalé Objectives Adipose dysregulation, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance are hallmarks of HIV-related lipodystrophy. The precise mechanisms behind these disturbances are unknown. In HIV-infected patients, we previously demonstrated a strong relationship between lipodystrophy and levels of adiponectin, an adipose peptide implicated in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolisms. In this study we investigated the effect of HIV on adipocytes, to determine whether HIV can directly infect adipocytes and/or alter the regulation and secretion of the adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin. Methods Human subcutaneous preadipocytes and adipocytes were exposed to HIV-1 under various conditions. Adiponectin was measured in supernatants and cell lysates. Results Although adipocytes expressed CD4, the major HIV receptor, they could not be infected in vitro. However, exposure to HIV dramatically increased the secretion of adiponectin from human adipocytes, in the absence of infection. This was exacerbated with sustained exposure to HIV in a transwell assay. Further, human peripheral mononuclear cells also produced adiponectin, but this was largely dependent upon T-cell activation. Conclusions We propose that the stimulation of adiponectin production by HIV can perturb adiponectin regulation, leading to substantially decreased levels upon viral suppression by antiretroviral therapy. These data suggest a potential molecular mechanism of adiponectin regulation in HIV-infected patients. [source] Expression of interferon-, subtypes in peripheral mononuclear cells from patients with chronic hepatitis C: a role for interferon-,5JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS, Issue 2 2001E. Larrea Interferon (IFN)-, is a family of antiviral proteins encoded by different genes. The biological significance of the existence of various IFN-, subtypes is not clear. We have investigated the interferon system in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, a disease that responds to interferon-,2 therapy in only a limited proportion of cases. We analysed the expression of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1, IRF-2, and IFN-, subtypes in nonstimulated and Sendai virus-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from HCV infected patients and healthy controls. We observed that the IRF-1 mRNA and IRF-1/IRF-2 ratios were increased in PBMC from hepatitis C patients with respect to normal subjects. Sendai virus stimulation of PBMC led to a significant increase in the levels of IRF-1, IRF-2 and IFN-, mRNAs and in the production of IFN-, protein with respect to basal values in healthy controls as well as in patients with HCV infection. In addition, we found that while natural HCV infection induced increased IFN-,5 expression in PBMC, in vitro infection of these cells with Sendai virus caused a raise in the expression of IFN-,8 in both patients and normal controls. In summary, our results indicate that virus-induced activation of the IFN system in human PBMC is associated with selective expression of individual IFN-, subtypes, IFN-,5 being the specific subtype induced in PBMC from patients with chronic HCV infection. [source] New approach in flow-cytometric determination of endotoxin during endotoxic shockBRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY (NOW INCLUDES EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY), Issue 7 2000K.-H. Staubach Background Serum endotoxin was formerly measured with the non-specific Limulus lysate assay. The present approach was to quantitate the amount of endotoxin bound by peripheral mononuclear cells in order to develop a method for the diagnosis of early septic shock. Methods Using a murine monoclonal antibody (WN1-222/5), which binds highly specifically to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a new method for measuring the amount of LPS bound to peripheral mononuclear cells was developed. Ten pigs were studied under sedation and peripheral mononuclear cells were taken every 4 h to determine the concentration of endotoxin by flow cytometry. The results are shown in the Table. Results Time after LPS infusion (h) 0 1 4 6 8 Marked cells (%) 32 61 75 72 85 The percentage of marked mononuclear cells increased during shock. Only in the last hours before death did the rate of increase decline. Conclusion Preliminary data on marked mononuclear cells showed that the amount of natural incorporated endotoxin, i.e. the quantity of bound endotoxin before infusion, was 32 per cent. © 2000 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd [source] 2263: Analysis of the utility of QuantiFERON-TB GoldTM in tube and measurement of IFN, release by peripheral mononuclear cells in response to different mycobacterium antigen in the work-up of patients with uveitisACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010D MAKHOUL Purpose Tuberculosis remains an important cause of infectious uveitis and immune reaction against mycobacteria may contribute to the development of certain forms of autoimmune uveitis. Moreover, many non-infectious uveitis patients are treated with immunomodulatory treatment. The evaluation of tuberculosis immunity is thus an important aspect in the work-up of patients with uveitis. In this work, we would like to investigate the usefulness of different methods of tuberculosis immunity testing in a series of patients with intraocular inflammation. Methods Patients with uveitis will undergo a standard diagnosis procedure, including a chest Xray. Quantiferon TB Gold in Tube (QFT) and tuberculin skin test (TST) will be performed. IFN, production by mononuclear cells in response to PPD and to HBHA will be measured by ELISA. Results Thirty-two patients have already been recruited. Sixteen had a negative QFT and a negative TST. In two of them, mononuclear cells produce IFN, in response to PPD (but not to HBHA) and in 1 in response to HBHA (but not to PPD). In 11 patients QFT and TST were positive. In this group, IFN, response to PPD was observed in 82% but only in 50% in response to HBHA. Discordant results between QFT and TST were observed in 5 patients. One had a positive QFT and a negative TST and 4 had a positive TST and a negative QFT. In this group IFN, response to PPD or HBHA was not observed. Conclusion Discordant results between QuantiFERON-TB Gold and TST were observed in 15 % of uveitis patients. Analysis of the IFN, production in response to PPD and to HBHA seems to add important information in both concordant and discordant group. [source] Up-regulated cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein expression in allergen-stimulated T cells from hen's egg-allergic patientsCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY, Issue 9 2008Y. Nakajima Summary Background Although changes in the fine balance of allergen-specific T cells are crucial in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, their roles in the allergic reaction to hen's eggs (HE) have not yet been fully analysed. Objective Using microarray technology, allergen-stimulated T cells from HE-allergic children were analysed to identify genes that are specifically up-regulated in these cells. Methods RNA from CD4+ CD14, cells, fractionated from allergen-stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells, was analysed using a whole -genome microarray and real-time RT-PCR. The protein expression of selected genes was ascertained by flow cytometry. Results In microarray analyses of allergen-stimulated T cells, 43 genes were up-regulated in HE-allergic children but not in non-HE-allergic children. Among these, up-regulation of three genes, cytokine -inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH), nuclear factor of , light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cell inhibitor Z (NFKBIZ) and B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2), was confirmed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR. CISH, but not NFKBIZ or BCL2, showed a significantly higher ratio of antigen-stimulated cell transcription over unstimulated cells in HE-allergic than in non-HE-allergic children (P<0.01). Flow-cytometric analysis revealed that the percentage of CD25+CISH+ cells in CD4+ cells from patients with HE allergy was significantly higher than that in controls (P<0.01). The expression level of CISH was significantly higher in IL-4+ Th2 cells than in IFN-,+ Th1 cells. Conclusion We noted that CISH expression in allergen-stimulated CD4+ T cells from HE-allergic patients was significantly increased in both mRNA and protein levels compared with that from non-HE-allergic children. [source] | ||||||||||