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Patients Sensitive (patient + sensitive)
Selected AbstractsDesmopressin in elderly patients with nocturia: short-term safety and effects on urine output, sleep and voiding patternsBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 7 2003A. Rembratt OBJECTIVE To investigate the short-term safety of desmopressin in elderly patients with nocturia, with special focus on the risk of hyponatraemia, and to assess the short-term effects on urine output, sleep and voiding patterns. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (72) were recruited from a study using frequency-volume charts, which in turn was preceded by a questionnaire study. Each patient took one 0.2 mg desmopressin tablet at bedtime for three consecutive nights and kept a frequency-volume chart. Serum sodium was assessed in the morning after the first and the third dose. Patients with a mean serum sodium level during treatment deviating more than five units from baseline were considered sensitive to change in serum sodium. Potential predictors for sodium sensitivity and response were investigated with logistic and multiple regression. RESULTS All 72 enrolled patients completed the trial; no serious adverse events occurred and no adverse events of severe intensity were recorded. Six patients were sensitive to change in serum sodium. The risk (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) increased with increasing age (1.3, 1.1,1.6), concomitant cardiac disease (10.0, 0.9,105.8) and increasing baseline 24-h urine output (1.2, 1.0,1.5). Patients sensitive to change in serum sodium were pharmacological responders and desmopressin had a greater effect on their 24-h diuresis, indicating that the drug effect was not limited to the night only. CONCLUSION Desmopressin was well tolerated in elderly patients with nocturia, but the results suggest that serum sodium should be measured before and after a few days of treatment. [source] Formaldehyde-releasers: Relationship to formaldehyde contact allergy, Part 2: Metalworking fluids and remainderCONTACT DERMATITIS, Issue 3 2010Anton De Groot We have reviewed formaldehyde-releasers used in metalworking fluids (MWFs) in this and a previous part of a two-part article. These biocides do not appear to be frequent or important sensitizers. Even in highly selected patient groups of metalworkers, mean prevalence rates of sensitivity are low: 0.2% for Tris(hydroxymethyl)nitromethane, 1.6% for tris(N -hydroxyethyl)hexahydrotriazine, 1.9% for Bioban® P-1487 and Bioban® CS-1246, and 2.8% for Bioban® CS-1135. In the case of the Biobans, many reactions may have been irritant. Only N,N,-methylenebis(5-methyloxazolidine) has a fairly high mean score of 4.0% in metalworkers. With the exception of Bioban® P-1487, there is a clear relationship between positive patch test reactions to the releasers and formaldehyde sensitivity: 40,70% of reactions to releasers occur in patients sensitive to formaldehyde and may therefore be caused by formaldehyde allergy. There is a lack of reliable data on the clinical relevance of contact allergy to the formaldehyde releasers in MWF. In most studies, no data on relevance were provided and in those that did, relevance was often found for a (very small) minority of the reactions only. Also discussed here are the formaldehyde-releasers MDM hydantoin, methenamine, N -methylolchloracetamide, paraformaldehyde, and Preventol® D2. [source] Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype of MD-1 gene associated with high serum IgE phenotype with mite-sensitive allergy in Taiwanese childrenINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMMUNOGENETICS, Issue 6 2007J. Y. Wang Summary MD-1 (myeloid differentiation 1; also known as Ly86, lymphocyte antigen 86), interacting with RP105, plays an important role in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling pathway. It has been suggested to be involved in the pathological mechanism of inflammation and atopic diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MD-1 promoter and coding region and mite-sensitive allergy in Taiwanese children. We conducted a case-control study on 237 controls and 281 allergic patients sensitive to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) and Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) by genotyping 35 SNPs in MD-1 gene region. In the promoter region we identified three SNPs, rs1334710, rs4959389, and rs977785 that are associated with mite-sensitive allergy in Taiwanese children. The P -values ranged from 0.0150 to 0.009. The haplotypes including promoter region were also associated with mite-sensitive allergy. Our results suggested that MD-1 could be a susceptible gene for mite-sensitive allergy in Taiwanese children. [source] Effects of Alcohol Withdrawal on 24 Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Among Alcohol-Dependent PatientsALCOHOLISM, Issue 12 2003Ramón Estruch Background: Although epidemiologic studies have reported an association between alcohol intake and high blood pressure (BP), the results of intervention studies have shown inconsistent results. We embarked on a study to determine whether different subgroups of alcohol-dependent patients may be identified in relation to the effect of alcohol on BP. Methods: Fifty alcohol-dependent men (mean age, 41.4 years) received 0.4 g of ethanol per kilogram of body weight every 4 hr in 200 ml of orange juice during 24 hr and the same amount of orange juice without ethanol during another 24 hr. Twenty-four hour ambulatory BP monitoring was performed during ethanol and orange juice intakes, as was hormonal and biochemical analysis. Results: Thirty-five (75%) alcohol-dependent men were normotensive and 15 (30%) hypertensive. Eighteen (51%) normotensive and 12 (80%) hypertensive subjects showed a significant decrease in 24 hr mean BP after ethanol withdrawal (mean decrease of 8.4 mm Hg [95% confidence interval, ,11.2 to ,5.7] and 12.5 mm Hg [confidence interval, ,16.2 to ,8.8], respectively) and were considered as sensitive to alcohol. The remaining alcohol-dependent subjects were considered as resistant to alcohol. Normotensive subjects sensitive to ethanol showed a significantly greater left ventricular mass and a significantly lower ejection fraction than those normotensive patients whose BP did not change after ethanol withdrawal (both p < 0.01). Conclusions: More than three fourths of the hypertensive and more than half of the normotensive alcohol-dependent patients showed sensitivity to the pressor effects of ethanol. Impairment also was observed in heart function in normotensive patients sensitive to the pressor effects of ethanol. [source] The effects of T cell peptides in patients sensitive to catsCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY REVIEWS, Issue 2004Mark Larché Summary Synthetic peptides representing T cell epitopes of the major cat allergen Fel d 1 were administered by intradermal injection or inhalation to cat allergic asthmatic volunteers. Both routes of administration were associated with the induction of IgE-independent, MHC-restricted isolated late asthmatic reactions (LAR; prolonged bronchoconstriction initiating 2,4 hours after peptide challenge) in a proportion of individuals. Administration via the intradermal, but not the inhaled route, was associated with the induction of antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness or "tolerance", both in vivo and in vitro. Following intradermal peptide administration, the magnitude of both the early- and late-phase skin reaction to intradermal challenge with whole allergen extract were significantly reduced. In vitro, proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were reduced together with both Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Production of IL-10 was increased. LAR were not a pre-requisite for the induction of tolerance. Hyporesponsiveness was transient but several months were required to return to basal reactivity. [source] | ||||||||||