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Partner Behavior (partner + behavior)
Selected AbstractsWhen Online Meets Offline: An Expectancy Violations Theory Perspective on Modality SwitchingJOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION, Issue 1 2008Artemio Ramirez Jr The present study examines the occurrence and timing of modality switching (MS) from the perspective of expectancy violations theory. The results indicate that, relative to continuing to interact through computer-mediated communication, participants rated the social information (partner behavior and physical appearance/attractiveness) acquired by MS as an expectancy violation, although their evaluations varied as a function of the timing of the switch. Participants evaluated the social information more positively and uncertainty-reducing following short-term online associations but more negatively and uncertainty-provoking following long-term ones compared to remaining online. Moreover, social information acquired through MS, irrespective of the timing, was rated as more relationally important. Implications and limitations of the results as well as directions for future research are discussed. Résumé Passer d,en ligne à hors ligne: La théorie de la violation des attentes face au changement de modalité La présente étude examine l'occurrence et le moment où apparaît un changement de modalité au vu de la théorie de la violation des attentes (expectancy violation theory). Les résultats indiquent que relativement au fait de continuer à interagir en communiquant par ordinateur, les participants ont considéré que l,information sociale (comportement du partenaire et apparence physique/attrait) obtenue par un changement de modalitéétait une violation des attentes, bien que leurs évaluations aient varié en fonction du moment du changement. Les participants ont évalué l'information sociale plus positivement et l,ont caractérisée comme réduisant l'incertitude à la suite d,associations en ligne à court terme, mais l'ont évaluée plus négativement et caractérisée comme provoquant de l,incertitude à la suite d'associations en ligne à long terme, comparativement à ceux qui n,ont pas effectué de changement de modalité. De plus, l'information sociale acquise par le changement de modalité, indépendamment du moment auquel celui-ci s,est fait, fut considérée plus importante pour la relation. Les implications et les limites des résultats sont commentées, de même que sont données des indications pour la recherche future. Mots clés : théorie de la violation des attentes, perspective hyperpersonnelle, théorie du traitement social de l'information, communication par ordinateur Abstract Online trifft Offline: Modalitätswechsel aus Sicht der Erwartungsverletzungstheorie (Expectancy Violation Theory) Die vorliegende Studie untersucht das Auftreten und den zeitlichen Ablauf eines Modalitätswechsels aus Sicht der Erwartungsverletzungstheorie (Expactancy Violation Theory). Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass im Rahmen einer Interaktion durch CvK, Teilnehmer soziale Information (Partnerverhalten und physisches Aussehen/Attraktivität), die sie durch einen Modalitätswechsel erhalten haben, als Erwartungsverletzung bewerten - ihre Einschätzungen variieren allerdings nach dem zeitlichen Ablaufs dieses Wechsels. Teilnehmer bewerteten die soziale Information nach einer kurzzeitigen Online-Bindung positiver und als stärker Ungewissenheit reduzierend, aber negativer und Unsicherheit auslösend nach langfristiger Online-Bindung im Vergleich zum dauerhaft Online bleiben. Darüber hinaus wurden soziale Information, die im Zuge des Modalitätswechsels erworben wurden, unabhängig vom zeitlichen Ablauf als wichtiger eingeschätzt. Schlussfolgerungen und Einschränkungen dieser Ergebnisse sowie die Ausrichtung zukünftiger Forschung werden diskutiert. Resumen Cuando Alguien en línea (online) Conoce a Alguien Fuera de la Línea (offline): Una Perspectiva de la Teoría de la Violación de Expectativas sobre la Modalidad de Intercambio El presente estudio examina la ocurrencia y la oportunidad de la modalidad de intercambio desde una perspectiva de la teoría de violación de expectativas. Los resultados indican que, relativos a la continuidad de la interacción a través de los medios de comunicación mediados por la computadora (CMC), los participantes estimaron a la información social (el comportamiento del compañero y la apariencia física/atractivo) adquiridos por la modalidad de intercambio como una violación de expectativa, aunque las evaluaciones variaron como función de la ocurrencia del intercambio. Los participantes evaluaron la información social de manera más positiva y redujeron la incertidumbre luego de asociaciones cortas online, pero de manera más negativa e incrementando la incertidumbre después de un término largo de permanencia online. Más aún, la información social adquirida a través de la modalidad de intercambio, con independencia de la oportunidad, fue estimada como importante desde el punto de vista de la relación. Las implicaciones y limitaciones de los resultados así como las direcciones para investigación futura fueron discutidas. ZhaiYao Yo yak [source] Do attributions mediate the association between attachment and negative couple communication?PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, Issue 2 2008ZOE J. PEARCE This study explored whether attributions for negative partner behavior mediate the association between insecure attachment and negative couple communication, using both self-report and observational data. A sample of 59 married and cohabiting Australian couples completed self-report measures of attachment, attributions, and communication; were videotaped participating in two 10-min problem-solving discussions; and were assessed on their attributions during the discussions using video-mediated recall. Multilevel modeling found that female attachment insecurity was the most consistent predictor of self-reported and observed couple communication, and negative attributions mediated the association between attachment and self-reported couple communication. These findings suggested that attachment insecurity increased the likelihood that negative attributions were generated, which, in some cases, then influenced the style of communication each partner reported. [source] Enduring love: A grounded formal theory of women's experience of domestic violenceRESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH, Issue 4 2001Margaret H. Kearney Abstract Using a grounded formal theory approach, 13 qualitative research reports were analyzed with the goal of synthesizing a middle-range theory of women's responses to violent relationships. The combined sample numbered 282 ethnically and geographically diverse women ages 16,67. Within cultural contexts that normalized relationship violence while promoting idealized romance, these women dealt with the incongruity of violence in their relationships as a basic process of enduring love. In response to shifting definitions of their relationship situations, many women moved through four phases, which began with discounting early violence for the sake of their romantic commitment ("This is what I wanted"), progressed to immobilization and demoralization in the face of increasingly unpredictable violence that was endured by the careful monitoring of partner behavior and the stifling of self ("The more I do, the worse I am"), shifted to a perspective that redefined the situation as unacceptable ("I had enough"), and finally moved out of the relationship and toward a new life ("I was finding me"). Variations in the manifestation and duration of these phases were found to be linked to personal, sociopolitical, and cultural contexts. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Res Nurs Health 24:270,282, 2001 [source] Lack of Awareness of Partner STD Risk Among Heterosexual CouplesPERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, Issue 1 2010Susan S. Witte CONTEXT: Individuals' accurate assessment of their exposure to the risk of HIV and other STDs requires awareness of their sexual partners' risk behaviors and disease status. METHODS: In a sample of 217 couples enrolled in a risk intervention trial in 1997,2002, both partners reported on their own risk behaviors and their perceptions of their partner's behavior; concordance of partners' reports was examined using kappa statistics. Individual and relationship characteristics predicting lack of awareness of a partner's risk behavior were explored using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Three percent of women and 14% of men were unaware that their partner had recently had a concurrent partner. Eleven percent and 12%, respectively, were unaware that their partner had ever injected drugs; 10% and 12% were unaware that their partner had recently received an STD diagnosis; and 2% and 4% were unaware that their partner was HIV-positive. Women's lack of awareness of partner risk was associated with increasing age (odds ratio, 1.1), being of a race or ethnicity other than black or Latina (15.8) and having a Latino partner (3.7); it was positively associated with a man's report that he was married (4.4) and with relationship satisfaction as reported by both the woman and her partner (1.2 for each). Among men, lack of awareness was positively associated with partner's age (1.1) and with having a partner who was formerly married (8.2). CONCLUSIONS: Couple-based interventions that assess each partner's awareness of the other's risk behavior may help programs better target couples' STD prevention needs. [source] The deinstitutionalization of American marriageJOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND FAMILY, Issue 4 2004Andrew J. Cherlin This article argues that marriage has undergone a process of deinstitutionalization,a weakening of the social norms that define partners' behavior,over the past few decades. Examples are presented involving the increasing number and complexity of cohabiting unions and the emergence of same-sex marriage. Two transitions in the meaning of marriage that occurred in the United States during the 20th century have created the social context for deinstitutionalization. The first transition, noted by Ernest Burgess, was from the institutional marriage to the companionate marriage. The second transition was to the individualized marriage in which the emphasis on personal choice and self-development expanded. Although the practical importance of marriage has declined, its symbolic significance has remained high and may even have increased. It has become a marker of prestige and personal achievement. Examples of its symbolic significance are presented. The implications for the current state of marriage and its future direction are discussed. [source] Patterns of partners' abusive behaviors as reported by Latina and non-Latina survivorsJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Nancy Glass This study builds on the existing knowledge of risk factors for lethal intimate partner violence (IPV) and typologies of IPV abusers by exploring patterns of abusive partners' behaviors among known risk factors for intimate partner femicide (i.e., murder of women) and determines if groups of survivors with similar patterns of abusive behaviors exist. The common patterns are then examined for differences among Latina and non-Latina survivors. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with adult English- and Spanish-speaking survivors of past-year physical and/or sexual IPV using a validated risk assessment instrument, the Danger Assessment (DA) Questionnaire. Two-hundred nine IPV survivors participated, 55% Latina. Unique patterns of abusive behaviors perpetrated by an intimate partner or ex-partner across known risk factors for lethal violence were reported. The patterns clustered into five distinct groups: extreme abuser, physical and sexual violence/controlling abuser, forced sex/controlling abuser, threat/controlling abuser, and low-level tactics abuser. Latina and non-Latina survivors reported mean DA scores (13.0 vs. 18.5, respectively) that place them within the "increased danger" and "extreme danger" level, respectively, for lethal violence by an abusive partner. Although both groups were in extreme danger on average, the patterns of abusive behaviors differed. Latina women were more likely to characterize their partner as using forced sex to control the relationship, whereas non-Latina women were more likely to characterize the use of all types of abusive behaviors (i.e., extreme abuser) or threats to kill them (i.e., threat/controlling abuser) to control the relationship. The findings of this study can be used to develop effective individualized safety plans that include culturally and linguistically competent strategies to reduce violence-related morbidity and mortality. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||||||||