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Parental Knowledge (parental + knowledge)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	78%
Psychology	21%

Selected Abstracts

Parental Knowledge of Different Acetaminophen Concentrations for Infants and Children

ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Issue 6 2000
Tyler W. Barrett
First page of article [source]

Parent,adolescent relationships and the development of weight concerns from early to late adolescence

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 8 2006
Ashleigh L. May MS
Objective: This work describes the developmental course of adolescents' weight concerns and examines links with changes in parent,adolescent relationships for girls and boys. Method: Adolescents and parents in 191 families participated in 3 annual home interviews; adolescents rated their weight concerns and their intimacy and conflict with parents. Parental knowledge was measured based on the match between adolescents' and parents' reports of youth's experiences each day during 7 evening telephone calls. Results: Girls' weight concerns increased from age 11 to 16 and then declined, whereas boys' concerns declined beginning at age 11. Increases in girls' weight concerns were linked to increases in conflict with mothers and fathers and decreases in maternal intimacy and knowledge. At a trend level, declines in boys' weight concerns were associated with declines in father conflict. Conclusion: Mothers and fathers may have unique influences on adolescent weight concerns. Intervention programming should target parent,adolescent relationships. © 2006 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2006; 39:729,740 [source]

The oral health of children considered very high risk for infective endocarditis

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2010
RICHARD BALMER
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 173,178 Background., Children with previous experience of infective endocarditis or with prosthetic heart valve are considered at very high risk for infective endocarditis. Aim., The aim of this study was to compare the dental health of a group of these children with a group of healthy controls and to determine parental awareness of the importance of good oral health. Design., Oral examination was carried out in 28 children with previous infective endocarditis or a prosthetic heart valve to assess oral health. Findings were compared to a healthy control group of 28. Questionnaires were distributed to the parents to assess awareness of oral health. Results., There was no significant difference in DMFT scores of study and control group (2.43 +/- 3.72 and 1.36 +/- 2.5 respectively) or in DMFT scores of study and control group (1.5 +/- 1.73 and 1.15 +/- 1.42 respectively), 36% of the study group had untreated caries. Parental knowledge of the link between oral health and infective endocarditis was excellent. Conclusions., There were no significant differences between the oral health of cardiac children and healthy children although the dmft and DMFT scores of the study group were high. Of concern was the proportion of children with untreated caries in spite of good dental awareness and attendance. [source]

Management of childhood fever by parents: literature review

JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 2 2006
Anne Walsh MHSc RN
Aim., This paper reports a review which draws together findings from studies targeting parents' temperature-taking, antipyretic administration, attitudes, practices and information-seeking behaviours. Background., Parents' concerns about the harmful effects of fever have been reported for more than two decades. These concerns remain despite successful educational interventions. Method., Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES and Web of Science databases were searched from 1980 to 2004 during November 2004. The search terms were fever, child, parent, education, knowledge, belief, concern, temperature, antipyretic and information, and combinations of these. Findings., In the 1980s, studies were mainly descriptive of small single site samples of parents with a febrile child seeking assistance from healthcare professionals. From 1990, sample sizes increased and multi-site studies were reported. Educational interventions were designed to increase knowledge and reduce unnecessary use of health services. One 2003 study targeted knowledge and attitudes. Parental knowledge about normal body temperature and the temperature that indicates fever is poor. Mild fever is misclassified by many as high, and they actively reduce mild fever with incorrect doses of antipyretics. Although some parents acknowledge the benefits of mild fever, concerns about brain damage, febrile convulsions and death from mild to moderate fever persist irrespective of parental education or socio-economic status. Many base their fever management practices on inaccurate temperature readings. Increased use of antipyretics to reduce fever and waking sleeping febrile children for antipyretics or sponging reflects heightened concern about harmful effects of fever. Educational interventions have reduced unnecessary use of healthcare services, improved knowledge about fever and when to implement management strategies, and reduced incorrect parental accuracy of antipyretic dosing. Information-seeking behaviours in fever management differ according to country of origin. Conclusion., Despite successful educational interventions, little has changed in parents' fever management knowledge, attitudes and practices. There is a need for interventions based on behaviour change theories to target the precursors of behaviour, namely knowledge, attitudes, normative influences and parents' perceptions of control. [source]

Parental knowledge and use of epinephrine auto-injector for children with food allergy

PEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 3 2006
G. Pouessel
Epinephrine should be prescribed for patients at risk of anaphylaxis. Our purpose was to determine the use of Anapen® prescribed for food-allergic children, to assess parental knowledge regarding Anapen, and to evaluate the arrangements for emergency kits and personalized care projects in everyday life. A prospective study was performed with a questionnaire sent to families with a food-allergic child previously prescribed Anapen. One hundred and fifty two families were contacted and finally 111 children included (median age 6.5 yrs). Main food allergens were peanuts (n = 89), egg (n = 39) and cow's milk (n = 10). The use of Anapen had been demonstrated to 90% of parents (by prescribing physician, 69%; pharmacist, 25%; general practitioner, 5%; nurse 1%), with a training device (76%) and/or written instructions (49%). When asked to list symptoms requiring injection, 48% of parents cited more than one response: breathing difficulties only (23%), or with angio-edema (41%), collapse or faintness (38%), anaphylactic shock (48%). Of 107 children attending school, 54% had a personalized care project, 72% an Anapen device, and 60% a complete emergency kit (epinephrine, inhaled , -agonist, corticosteroid, anti-H1 drug). , -Agonists were forgotten at school by 34 children (13 asthmatics). Anapen was used in one child for angio-edema and dyspnea after inadvertent ingestion of egg at home. In our population, epinephrine auto-injectors and emergency kits were insufficiently available at schools and in daily life. The use of auto-injectors was not adequately demonstrated. The prescription of epinephrine for food-allergic children at risk of anaphylaxis requires accurate diagnosis, educational programs, information, and follow up. [source]

Managing Asthma Within the Context of the Rural Family

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 6 2001
Jena Clayton Barrett D.S.N
The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of rural families caring for children with asthma. The chief caregivers from six rural families were interviewed about the family's daily experiences in living with asthma, their knowledge of asthma triggers, and strategies for managing asthma. Parental knowledge about asthma and asthma management strategies was quite good. The cost of asthma regimens and school policies about medications were major barriers to better control. Other management strategies were directed at maintaining normality of family life. [source]

Parental knowledge of topical therapies in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis

CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY, Issue 5 2003
P. E. Beattie
Summary Poor adherence with therapy is a major cause of treatment failure in atopic dermatitis. Reasons given are multifactorial, and include fear of real or imaginary side-effects, under-prescribing, failure to renew prescriptions on time, lack of time, and child refusal of therapy. Most important, however, is lack of knowledge about treatment, in particular the use of topical corticosteroid (TCS) therapy. We conducted a questionnaire-based study to determine the level of use and knowledge of commonly prescribed TCS preparations amongst parents or carers of 100 children attending paediatric outpatient clinics. Weakly potent TCSs were the most commonly used (86%), but poorly understood. Only 35 (41%) who had used hydrocortisone were aware that it was weakly potent, and 44% graded it as moderately potent. Of 65 who had used the moderately potent TCS clobetasone butyrate 0.05% (Eumovate®; Glaxo Wellcome, Uxbridge, UK), 19 (29%) graded it as potent and eight (12%) as weak. Of 50 who had used betamethasone valerate 0.1% (Betnovate®; Glaxo Wellcome, Uxbridge, UK), 42% did not grade it as potent. Understanding of TCS/antimicrobial combinations was generally worse. The hydrocortisone 1%/fusidic acid 2% combination (Fucidin H®; Leo, Risborough, Bucks, UK) was graded as moderate or strong by 88% of the 74 who had used it. Over half (53%) of the 34 using the combination of clobetasone butyrate 0.05%/nystatin 100 000 i.u./g tetracycline 3% (Trimovate®; Glaxo Wellcome, Uxbridge, UK) assumed that it was a potent TCS. Forty-nine had used Fucibet® (betamethasone valerate 0.1%, fusidic acid 2%; Leo, Risborough, Bucks, UK) but 34.5% did not grade it as potent. There was poor knowledge of the strengths of some of the most commonly used TCSs, and all steroid/antimicrobial combinations were perceived as being of greater potency than the constituent steroid alone. Fusidic acid was thought to be a steroid by almost half (46.9%) of the respondents. The packaging of the different products by some pharmaceutical companies is remarkably similar and labelling contains information on the compound and percentage rather than potency of the TCS. This may be a source of confusion. We recommend that manufacturers clearly label TCS products by potency as mild, moderate, potent or very potent and that packaging is sufficiently different for each strength of TCS or emollient to avoid confusion. In order to achieve optimal topical treatment for atopic dermatitis, patients and their carers must receive adequate information and training in how and when to use topical therapies in conjunction with written care plans. [source]

School-based alcohol education: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

ADDICTION, Issue 3 2009
Matthis Morgenstern
ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to examine the effects of a school-based alcohol education intervention. Design Two-arm three-wave cluster-randomized controlled trial, with schools as the unit for randomization. Surveys were conducted prior to intervention implementation, then 4 and 12 months after baseline. Setting A total of 30 public schools in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. Participants Baseline data were obtained from 1686 7th graders. The retention rate was 85% over 12 months. Intervention The intervention consisted of four interactive lessons conducted by teachers, booklets for students and booklets for parents. Measures Knowledge, attitudes, life-time alcohol consumption (ever use alcohol without parental knowledge, ever been drunk and ever binge drinking) and past-month alcohol use. Results Intention-to-treat analyses revealed that intervention status was associated with more general knowledge about alcohol and lower levels of life-time binge drinking. No effects were found with respect to students' self-reported attitudes, intentions to drink, life-time alcohol use and past-month alcohol use. Conclusions The results indicate that this brief school-based intervention had a small short-term preventive effect on alcohol misuse. [source]

Personality traits and parenting: neuroticism, extraversion, and openness to experience as discriminative factors

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY, Issue 1 2003
Riitta-Leena Metsäpelto
This study used variable- and person-oriented approaches to examine the relationship between personality traits (at age 33) and parenting (at age 36) among 94 mothers and 78 fathers. The SEM revealed that Openness to Experience (O), low Neuroticism (N), and Extraversion (E) were related to parental nurturance; low O to parental restrictiveness; and low N to parental knowledge about the child's activities. Cluster analysis based on the three parenting factors yielded six gender-related parenting types with distinguishable personality profiles. Authoritative parents (mostly mothers) and emotionally involved parents (mostly fathers), who were high in nurturance and high to moderate in parental knowledge, were high in E and high to moderate in O. Authoritarian parents (mostly fathers) and emotionally detached parents (mostly mothers), who were low in nurturance, high to moderate in restrictiveness, and moderate to low in parental knowledge, were low in O and E. Permissive parents, who were low in restrictiveness and parental knowledge and moderate in nurturance, were high in N, E, and O. Engaged parents, who were high in nurturance, restrictiveness, and parental knowledge, were moderate in all personality traits. Agreeableness and Conscientiousness did not differ between the parenting types. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

ALSPAC,The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

PAEDIATRIC & PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY, Issue 1 2001
Golding
ALSPAC (The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, formerly the Avon Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood) was specifically designed to determine ways in which the individual's genotype combines with environmental pressures to influence health and development. To date, there are comprehensive data on approximately 10 000 children and their parents, from early pregnancy until the children are aged between 8 and 9. The study aims to continue to collect detailed data on the children as they go through puberty noting, in particular, changes in anthropometry, attitudes and behaviour, fitness and other cardiovascular risk factors, bone mineralisation, allergic symptoms and mental health. The study started early during pregnancy and collected very detailed data from the mother and her partner before the child was born. This not only provided accurate data on concurrent features, especially medication, symptoms, diet and lifestyle, attitudes and behaviour, social and environmental features, but was unbiased by parental knowledge of any problems that the child might develop. From the time of the child's birth many different aspects of the child's environment have been monitored and a wide range of phenotypic data collected. By virtue of being based in one geographic area, linkage to medical and educational records is relatively simple, and hands-on assessments of children and parents using local facilities has the advantage of high quality control. The comprehensiveness of the ALSPAC approach with a total population sample unselected by disease status, and the availability of parental genotypes, provides an adequate sample for statistical analysis and for avoiding spurious results. The study has an open policy in regard to collaboration within strict confidentiality rules. [source]

Parental knowledge and use of epinephrine auto-injector for children with food allergy

Parent-Child Relations Among Minor Females Attending U.S. Family Planning Clinics

PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, Issue 4 2005
Rachel K. Jones
CONTEXT: Relatively little is known about parent-child relations among minor females who use family planning clinics. Such information could inform the debate on parental involvement legislation and help clinics develop effective strategies to promote positive parental engagement. METHODS: Self-administered surveys were completed in 2003,2004 by 1,526 women younger than 18 attending 79 U.S. family planning clinics, providing measures of parent-child relations, perceived parental attitudes toward sex and birth control, and parental knowledge of the clinic visit. Associations between relationships with parents and parental knowledge of clinic visits were examined using t tests and logistic regression. RESULTS: Many adolescents had talked to parents about sexual issues (50,80%, depending on the topic) and reported high levels of connectedness with parents (68%). A substantial minority (19%) perceived that parents disapprove of their both having sex and using birth control. The majority (60%) reported that a parent knew of their clinic visit; such reports were most common among those who had high levels of connectedness to parents and communication with parents about sexual issues, and those who did not perceive parents to disapprove of sex and birth control. Adolescents aged 15 and younger were more likely than 17-year-olds to indicate that a parent knew they were at the clinic and to report that a parent suggested the clinic. CONCLUSIONS Overall, minors attending family planning clinics have good relations with parents. The youngest adolescents may be at family planning clinics specifically because parents are involved in their reproductive health decisions. [source]

"It's 10 O'Clock: Do You Know Where Your Children Are?"

CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES, Issue 1 2008
Adolescents' Information Management, Recent Advances in Understanding Parental Monitoring
ABSTRACT,Recent research has challenged the established conclusion that vigilant parental monitoring is associated with less externalizing behavior among adolescents. Measures of parental monitoring typically have focused on parents' knowledge of their children's whereabouts, not on parents' active surveillance. Recent research, which controls for parent,adolescent relationships, finds that adolescents' voluntary disclosure to parents about their activities, associates, and whereabouts is more important than previously recognized in predicting parental knowledge and, in turn, reducing teens' involvement in risky behavior. This article reviews recent research on how parents obtain knowledge of their adolescents' activities and how adolescents manage that information. The article also highlights the importance of reciprocal parent,adolescent processes. Directions for future research are discussed. [source]

Automotive child restraint systems in Northeastern Italy

ACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 8 2003
F Valent
Aim: To evaluate the use of automotive restraint systems among children in Northeast of Italy and to describe parental knowledge and reasons for either use or non-use. Methods: This population survey included subjects recruited at three Vaccination Services serving approximately 24000 children aged 0,12 y. From March 8, 2002 to June 7, 2002 parents of children being vaccinated were asked to complete a self-administered structured questionnaire. A total of 1093 questionnaires were collected. Data were analysed using contingency tables, ,2 tests, and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Although 98% of children were restrained when riding in a car, less than 90% were using the restraint system appropriate to their body size, and 38% of parents were making some errors in the way they transported their children. Parents of children ,3 y of age were significantly more likely to make errors. Less than half of the respondents had ever received any information on child restraint systems and it was found that being given information significantly reduced the likelihood of parents making errors when transporting children. Conclusion: Many children ride unrestrained or inappropriately restrained in cars. Parents should be provided with information on child restraint systems in order to decrease the frequency of incorrect child transportation. Special attention should be devoted to the parents of children ,3 y of age. [source]