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Parental Anxiety (parental + anxiety)
Selected AbstractsWhat is the perceived nature of parental care and support for young people with cystic fibrosis as they enter adult health services?HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY, Issue 1 2010Nicola Iles RN MSc Abstract The majority of those diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF) now live to adulthood. In response to increased survival age, transition services have been developed to ensure smooth transfer from paediatric to adult specialist healthcare, although the majority of treatment and care continues to be delivered in the home. However, little is known about how young adults and staff conceptualise the nature of the parental role after young people have left paediatric care. The aim of this study is to explore the nature of parental support that is perceived to be available at this time. As part of a larger study of transitional care, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 young people with CF aged 13,24 years (32 with experience of transition and/or adult CF services) and 23 specialist healthcare professionals (14 working in adult care) across two CF centres in Southeast England. Interviews took place in young people's homes or within CF services, using a topic guide and were recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically. Four domains of perceived parental support were identified by the young people interviewed, with varying degrees of continuity into adult care: (1) Providing non-clinical practical and emotional support; (2) Acting as ,troubleshooters' in times of health-related crisis; (3) Working in partnership with offspring in ongoing disease management in the home and clinic; (4) Acting as ,protectors' of their children. Young people and service staff expressed tensions in managing parental involvement in post-paediatric consultations and the degree to which parents should be aware of their offspring's deteriorating health and social concerns. Parental anxiety and over-involvement was perceived by many young people and staff as unsupportive. We suggest that although health and social care providers are mindful of the tensions that arise for those leaving paediatric services, the place of parental support in adult care is currently contentious for these ,new' ageing populations. [source] Perception of fear, distress and pain by parents of children undergoing a micturating cystourethrogram: A prospective studyJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 3 2001T Srivastava Objectives: To investigate whether parents' expectations of their child's fear, distress or pain during a micturating cystourethrogram (MCU) are realized. Methodology: Prospective study in which parents were asked to fill out two questionnaires using a visual analogue scale, one before (pre) and the other after the MCU procedure (post), was conducted at a tertiary level paediatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. The questionnaires were designed to compare the parents'anticipated and experienced anxiety about their child's procedure and their perception of fear, distress and pain in their child during and after the procedure. The parents' satisfaction with information provided to them on the procedure was also recorded. Twenty-five parents participated in the study. Results: There were significant differences between anticipated and experienced parental anxiety. Parents' reporting of fear, distress and pain in their child during the MCU and after the procedure was lower than they had anticipated. There was a significant correlation between the parents' anxiety and their perception of severity of their child's fear (r = 0.52, P = 0.009), distress (r = 0.48, P = 0.017) and pain (r = 0.50, P = 0.01) during the procedure, but less so with the child's distress after the procedure (r = 0.39, P = 0.059). The parents were satisfied with the information given to them regarding the MCU procedure. Conclusions: Parents' perception of their child's fear, distress and pain during the MCU, as well as distress following the MCU, was not as severe as they had anticipated. Parental anxiety is an important factor in the perception of fear, distress and pain in children during and after the procedure. [source] Parental anxiety before and after food challenges in children with suspected peanut and hazelnut allergyPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 2p2 2010Wieneke T. Zijlstra Zijlstra WT, Flinterman AE, Soeters L, Knulst AC, Sinnema G, L'Hoir MP, Pasmans SG. Parental anxiety before and after food challenges in children with suspected peanut and hazelnut allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: e439,e445. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S As ingestion of peanut and hazelnut by allergic children is potentially life threatening, parents of these children need to be vigilant about their child's dietary intake. This may cause high levels of anxiety. To assess parental anxiety about food-allergic reaction in their child (state anxiety) and their personal disposition to anxiety (trait anxiety). Parental anxiety was investigated again after food challenges. Fifty-seven children (3,16 yr, mean age 7.2) with suspected peanut or hazelnut allergy (mean specific IgE 20.9) were evaluated by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Thirty-two children (56%) developed an allergic reaction. All parents completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) prior to DBPCFC and 2 wk, 3 months and 1 yr thereafter. The mean anxiety scores on these moments were compared with each other and with general Dutch norms. The STAI was also investigated in a group that refused DBPCFC. Prior to DBPCFC, parents had high levels of state anxiety in contrast to a lower trait anxiety compared to the norm group. After DBPCFC, the state anxiety was significantly lower, regardless of a positive or negative outcome (p , 0.05). The state anxiety was still significant lower after 1 yr (p , 0.03). The trait anxiety remained unchanged in mothers and slightly decreased in fathers. The state anxiety in the group that refused DBPCFC was comparable to the challenge group, but the trait anxiety was significantly higher (p = 0.038). Parents of children with suspected peanut or hazelnut allergy show high levels of anxiety about a food-allergic reaction. After DBPCFC, the anxiety was significantly lower, even in the group with a positive outcome. [source] Preparation of parents by teaching of distraction techniques does not reduce child anxiety at anaesthetic induction.PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 9 2002A. Watson Introduction For those children having surgery, induction of anaesthesia is one of the most stressful procedures the child experiences perioperatively. Current work has failed to show a benefit of parental presence at induction of anaesthesia for all children. The reasons for lack of effect may include the high anxiety levels of some parents and also that the role for parents at their child's induction is not delineated. The main aim of this study was to see if parental preparation by teaching of distraction techniques could reduce their child's anxiety during intravenous induction of anaesthesia. Methods After ethics committee approval 40 children aged 2,10 years old, ASA status I or II undergoing daycase surgery under general anaesthesia were enrolled into the study. To avoid possible confounding factors children with a history of previous, surgery, chronic illness or developmental delay were excluded form participation. No children were given sedative premedication. After written informed consent by the parent, each child and parent was randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Parents in the intervention group received preparation from a play specialist working on the children's surgical ward. It involved preparation for events in the anaesthetic room and instruction on methods of distraction for their child during induction using novel toys, books or blowing bubbles appropriate to the child's age. Preoperative information collected included demographic and baseline data. The temperament of the child was measured using the EASI (Emotionality, Activity, Sociability, Impulsivity) instrument of child temperament(l). In the anaesthetic room all children were planned to have intravenous induction of anaesthesia after prior application of EMLA cream. Anxiety of the child was measured by the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (mYPAS)(2) by a blinded independent observer at three time points: entrance to the anaesthetic room, intravenous cannulation and at anaesthesia induction. Cooperation of the child was measured by the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC) by the same observer (3). Postoperative data collected included parental satisfaction and anxiety scores measured by the Stait Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)(4) and at one week the behaviour of the child was measured Using the Posthospitalisation Behavioural Questionnaire (PHBQ)(5). Normally distributed data were analysed by a two-sample t-test, categorical data by Pearson's Chi-squared test and non-parametric data by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Results One parent withdrew after enrolment. This left 22 children in the control group and 17 in the intervention group. There were no significant differences in demographic and baseline data of the children between the two groups including ethnic origin, number of siblings, birth order of the child, recent stressful events in the child's life, previous hospital admissions and the temperament of the child. Parent demographics were also similar between groups including parent's age, sex, relationship to child and level of education. There were no significant differences in child anxiety or cooperation during induction measured by mYPAS and ICC between the control and intervention groups. More parents in the preparation group distracted their child than those without preparation but this did not reach significance. Parental anxiety immediately postinduction was similar between groups as was the level of parental satisfaction. The incidence of development of new negative postoperative behaviour of the child at one week was not significantly different between groups. Discussion This study shows that giving an active role for parents in the induction room, particularly by instructing them on distracting techniques for their child, does not reduce their child's anxiety compared to conventional parental presence. We conclude resources should not be directed at this type of parental preparation. Further work should examine the usefulness of distraction by nursing staff or play specialists during anaesthetic induction. [source] Prenatal screening and diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: a review of safety issues and psychological consequences for women who undergo screeningPRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 5 2007Babak Khoshnood Abstract As part of the EUROTOXO initiative, this review focuses on the potential risks associated with prenatal testing for congenital toxoplasmosis. We first review the evidence on the risks of adverse events associated with amniocentesis, which is required for definitive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis infection in the fetus, and for which the most important risk is fetal loss. To date, there has been only one randomized trial to document risks associated with amniocentesis. This trial, which was conducted in 1986, reported a procedure-related rate of fetal loss of 1.0% (95% CI, 0.3,1.5). However, evidence from available controlled studies suggests that the pregnancy loss associated with mid-trimester amniocentesis may be lower. Potential psychological consequences of prenatal testing for congenital toxoplasmosis include parental anxiety due to false positive results and uncertainties related to prognosis of children with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. Parental anxiety may be particularly important in screening strategies that include more frequent screenings, which may in turn entail substantial, and at times unnecessary, anxiety or other negative consequences for women and their families. These negative psychological outcomes should be balanced against the benefits of testing, which can allow women to make an informed choice regarding the pregnancy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Febrile Seizures: Treatment and PrognosisEPILEPSIA, Issue 1 2000Finn Ursin Knudsen Summary: Recent epidemiologic data indicate that the vast majority of children with febrile seizures have a normal long-term outcome. A precise knowledge of the short- and long-term outcome with or without treatment, and short- and long-term side effects is an important prerequisite for assessing the various treatment strategies. We focus on the impact of short-term or prophylactic treatment on the short- and long-term outcome of various types of febrile seizures. There is universal agreement that daily prophylaxis with antiepileptic agents should never be used routinely in simple febrile seizures, but only in highly selected cases, if at all. Intermittent diazepam (DZP) prophylaxis at times of fever may or may not reduce the recurrence rate, but it does not appear to improve the long-term outcome as compared with short-term seizure control. The treatment may be used to reduce the recurrence rate for a small arbitrarily defined group with multiple simple febrile seizures, complex febrile seizures, especially focal, prolonged or both, febrile status, and when parental anxiety is severe. However, there is no evidence that treatment of simple febrile seizures can prevent the rare cases of later epilepsy, and many children with complex febrile seizures have a benign long-term outcome, even without treatment. Many prefer a "wait and see" policy. An attractive alternative is to treat new febrile seizures with rectal DZP in solution at seizure onset, given by the parents at home to prevent febrile status. Newer, less well documented short-term strategies include nasal, oral, or rectal administration of other benzodiazepines. Short-term seizure control of febrile status and careful parental counseling are the two most important targets of treatment. [source] Experience of prophylaxis treatment in children with severe haemophiliaHAEMOPHILIA, Issue 2 2002T. T. YEE The practice of prophylactic treatment of boys with severe haemophilia has been evaluated in our centre. Prophylaxis was started at the median age of 3.7 years (range 0.4,12.7 years) in 38/41 children (93%) under 17 years of age. Median follow-up was 4.1 years (range 0.4,12.7 years). The criteria of primary prophylaxis according to the definition by the European Paediatric Network of Haemophilia Management was fulfilled by 9/38 (24%). Although a majority [76%, 29/38] of the children started prophylaxis after a median number of joint bleeds of 3.5, 70% of the children in this group had clinical joint scores of 0. Intravenous catheter insertion was required at a median age of 15.5 months (range 5,36 months) in 21% of the children, resulting in a catheter infection rate of 1.74 per 1000 catheter days. None developed an inhibitor on prophylaxis and three patients who had low-titre inhibitors (< 5 Bethesda units) prior to prophylaxis had undetectable inhibitors after prophylaxis. The home-treatment training programme required considerable time and cost. As a result, 87% of the children used peripheral venous access and hospital visits declined as prophylaxis became established. Parents' incentives for prophylaxis were that the children undertook many physical activities and sports previously not recommended, there was less parental anxiety and an overall improvement in the quality of life for the whole family. [source] Anxiety affects the relationship between parents and their very low birth weight infantsINFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL, Issue 3 2007Phyllis Zelkowitz The goal of this study was to examine the medical and sociodemographic factors associated with parental anxiety following the birth of a very low birth weight infant (VLBW, below 1500 g), and to determine the impact of anxiety on the behavior of parents with their VLBW infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The parents of 88 VLBW infants were recruited through the NICU of a tertiary-care hospital, approximately 2 weeks following delivery. Parents completed self-report questionnaires measuring anxiety, marital quality, and social support. Prior to discharge, each parent was observed twice during a feeding interaction with the infant. Maternal anxiety was greater when their infants were smaller in terms of birth weight and younger in gestational age. Maternal education, marital status, and country of origin, as well as social support and marital quality, were also associated with anxiety. Paternal anxiety was not related to socioeconomic status or infant medical risk, but was associated with country of origin, social support, and marital quality. For both mothers and fathers, anxiety was a better predictor of parental behavior than was infant medical risk. These findings suggest the need to intervene with anxious parents in order to promote satisfactory parent-infant relationships. [source] Manual separation followed by local cleanliness for pediatric labial adhesionJOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH (ELECTRONIC), Issue 3 2010Takashi Watanabe Abstract Aim:, Although labial adhesion is usually a benign disorder in childhood, it may occasionally be misdiagnosed as a severe disorder, causing parental anxiety. The present study was undertaken to analyze the clinical features, treatments employed and their effectiveness in pediatric patients with labial adhesion, with special emphasis on manual separation. Methods:, We reviewed the medical charts of pediatric patients with labial adhesion who were treated in our Pediatric Gynecology Division of the university hospital over 3.5 years. Results:, Eight pediatric patients received manual separation followed by local gentamicin ointment and washing. In all eight, manual separation remedied the condition at one visit without recurrence. Conclusion:, Manual separation followed by local cleanliness not only remedied pediatric labial adhesion but also prevented its recurrence. Thus, it is an effective treatment for pediatric labial adhesion. [source] Perception of fear, distress and pain by parents of children undergoing a micturating cystourethrogram: A prospective studyJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 3 2001T Srivastava Objectives: To investigate whether parents' expectations of their child's fear, distress or pain during a micturating cystourethrogram (MCU) are realized. Methodology: Prospective study in which parents were asked to fill out two questionnaires using a visual analogue scale, one before (pre) and the other after the MCU procedure (post), was conducted at a tertiary level paediatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. The questionnaires were designed to compare the parents'anticipated and experienced anxiety about their child's procedure and their perception of fear, distress and pain in their child during and after the procedure. The parents' satisfaction with information provided to them on the procedure was also recorded. Twenty-five parents participated in the study. Results: There were significant differences between anticipated and experienced parental anxiety. Parents' reporting of fear, distress and pain in their child during the MCU and after the procedure was lower than they had anticipated. There was a significant correlation between the parents' anxiety and their perception of severity of their child's fear (r = 0.52, P = 0.009), distress (r = 0.48, P = 0.017) and pain (r = 0.50, P = 0.01) during the procedure, but less so with the child's distress after the procedure (r = 0.39, P = 0.059). The parents were satisfied with the information given to them regarding the MCU procedure. Conclusions: Parents' perception of their child's fear, distress and pain during the MCU, as well as distress following the MCU, was not as severe as they had anticipated. Parental anxiety is an important factor in the perception of fear, distress and pain in children during and after the procedure. [source] Parental anxiety before and after food challenges in children with suspected peanut and hazelnut allergyPEDIATRIC ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 2p2 2010Wieneke T. Zijlstra Zijlstra WT, Flinterman AE, Soeters L, Knulst AC, Sinnema G, L'Hoir MP, Pasmans SG. Parental anxiety before and after food challenges in children with suspected peanut and hazelnut allergy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2010: 21: e439,e445. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S As ingestion of peanut and hazelnut by allergic children is potentially life threatening, parents of these children need to be vigilant about their child's dietary intake. This may cause high levels of anxiety. To assess parental anxiety about food-allergic reaction in their child (state anxiety) and their personal disposition to anxiety (trait anxiety). Parental anxiety was investigated again after food challenges. Fifty-seven children (3,16 yr, mean age 7.2) with suspected peanut or hazelnut allergy (mean specific IgE 20.9) were evaluated by double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Thirty-two children (56%) developed an allergic reaction. All parents completed the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) prior to DBPCFC and 2 wk, 3 months and 1 yr thereafter. The mean anxiety scores on these moments were compared with each other and with general Dutch norms. The STAI was also investigated in a group that refused DBPCFC. Prior to DBPCFC, parents had high levels of state anxiety in contrast to a lower trait anxiety compared to the norm group. After DBPCFC, the state anxiety was significantly lower, regardless of a positive or negative outcome (p , 0.05). The state anxiety was still significant lower after 1 yr (p , 0.03). The trait anxiety remained unchanged in mothers and slightly decreased in fathers. The state anxiety in the group that refused DBPCFC was comparable to the challenge group, but the trait anxiety was significantly higher (p = 0.038). Parents of children with suspected peanut or hazelnut allergy show high levels of anxiety about a food-allergic reaction. After DBPCFC, the anxiety was significantly lower, even in the group with a positive outcome. [source] An interim analysis of a cohort study on the preoperative anxiety and postoperative behavioural changes in children having repeat anaestheticsPEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 9 2002A. Watson Introduction Anxiety in the preoperative period and at induction of anaesthesia in children is associated with disturbances in postoperative behaviour (1,4). There is little work looking at the effects of repeat anaesthetic procedures on anxiety and subsequent postoperative behaviour disturbances. The aim of this study was to see if the effect of repeat anaesthetics was cumulative on postoperative behavioural problems and whether repeated anaesthetics provoke increasing anxiety. We investigated factors that may identify children who are susceptible to behavioural changes following repeat anaesthetics. We present an interim analysis of data on 8 patients as part of a long-term cohort study on 40 children with retinoblastoma who have required repeat anaesthetics for assessment and treatment of their condition. Method Approval for this study was granted by the East London and City Health Authority ethics committee. 40 patients are being recruited and being followed over a two year period. All children have retinoblastoma and are between the ages of 18 months to 4 years. The anaesthetic technique was not standardised but details of it were collected. Data collected were demographic details of child (age, sex, weight, ASA grade, siblings, stressful events in the last 3 months, recent immunisations, number of previous anaesthetics, problems with previous general anaesthetics, medical history of children, temperament of child using the EASI scoring system (4); demographic data of parents (age, parental education, family members affected, baseline measure of parental anxiety using State trait anxiety inventory (STAI). Anxiety on entry into the anaesthetic room and at induction was measured by the modified Yale preoperative anxiety scale (mYPAS), cooperation of the child at induction was measured by the Induction compliance checklist (ICC). Anxiety of the parent after induction was measured by the STAI score. Behaviour was measured at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 4 months after each procedure by means of the post hospital behaviour score (PHBQ) (5). A comparison with preoperative behaviour was made and data is presented of the percentage of children with new negative behavioural problems. A detailed analysis of the types of behaviour change was noted. anova for repeat measures with multiple dependent measures was used to analyse data on child anxiety and postoperative behavioural problems. Results Eight patients have had 3 separate anaesthetics over one and a half years. These have been at 4 monthly intervals. There was no significant increase in anxiety levels with repeat anaesthetics. The median mYPAS score at induction were 100 for all 3 anaesthetics. (P = 0.41). The type of behavioural change was variable and demonstrated no trend. No patient was identified as being prone to behavioural changes after every anaesthetic. Patients who displayed new negative behavioural problems would have them after any anaesthetic with no obvious cumulative effect with each repeat anaesthetic. Conclusions Our patients had maximum anxiety scores at induction, so the mYPAS scoring system is not sensitive enough to show that repeat anaesthetics provoke increasing anxiety. There is a very random pattern to behavioural disturbances after repeat anaesthetics with no evidence that negative behavioural changes are compounded with repeated anaesthetics. Collection of complete data from the remaining 32 patients may yield some trends regarding behavioural disturbances but our use of the mYPAS to measure anxiety in this very anxious population is unlikely to be helpful. [source] Polysomnographic findings in 320 infants evaluated for apneic eventsPEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Ignacio Sanchez MD Abstract Apnea is a common problem that causes significant parental anxiety. The aim of this study was to describe polysomnographic findings in infants who were referred over a 4-year period for an apnea and/or cyanotic event. Our hypothesis was that most infants with apnea or cyanosis events will have normal polysomnography (PSG). In total, 320 patients younger than 2 years old were recruited sequentially and prospectively. Patients underwent a day or overnight PSG by computerized polysomnograph; 78% of studies were performed with pH probe in situ. Subjects' ages ranged from 10 days to 21 months (55% male and 84% full-term babies); 55% and 74% were younger than 3 and 6 months, respectively. The average total sleep time was 473.4 min (SD, 52.3), with mean sleep efficiency of 83.5%. The distribution of sleep stages was 56.5% active, 38.5%, quiet and 5.1% indeterminate sleep. Sixty-nine percent (n,=,220) of PSG studies were done overnight. There were significant differences in average sleep efficiency (78.1% vs. 83.3%) and REM sleep time (63.6% vs. 59.1%) between PSGs done during the day and overnight (P,<,0.05). In total, 34 patients with apneas were studied. The median apnea index for the whole study population was 1.01 (range, 0.1,9.1). In conclusion, our study showed a high prevalence of normal polysomnographic findings in infants referred because of apnea and/or cyanotic events. New clinical prospective studies should be conducted to evaluate whether there is a correlation between PSG findings and outcome at follow-up of infants with a history of apnea and cyanosis. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Prenatal screening and diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: a review of safety issues and psychological consequences for women who undergo screeningPRENATAL DIAGNOSIS, Issue 5 2007Babak Khoshnood Abstract As part of the EUROTOXO initiative, this review focuses on the potential risks associated with prenatal testing for congenital toxoplasmosis. We first review the evidence on the risks of adverse events associated with amniocentesis, which is required for definitive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis infection in the fetus, and for which the most important risk is fetal loss. To date, there has been only one randomized trial to document risks associated with amniocentesis. This trial, which was conducted in 1986, reported a procedure-related rate of fetal loss of 1.0% (95% CI, 0.3,1.5). However, evidence from available controlled studies suggests that the pregnancy loss associated with mid-trimester amniocentesis may be lower. Potential psychological consequences of prenatal testing for congenital toxoplasmosis include parental anxiety due to false positive results and uncertainties related to prognosis of children with a prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. Parental anxiety may be particularly important in screening strategies that include more frequent screenings, which may in turn entail substantial, and at times unnecessary, anxiety or other negative consequences for women and their families. These negative psychological outcomes should be balanced against the benefits of testing, which can allow women to make an informed choice regarding the pregnancy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Perceptions of Transitional Care Needs and Experiences in Pediatric Heart Transplant RecipientsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2009S. J. Anthony Survival following pediatric heart transplantation (HTx) continues to improve. The transition from pediatric to adult care is becoming a pivotal stage in the ongoing medical management of this population. Published data support enhanced outcomes for adolescent patients with increased attention to transitional care. The purpose of this study was to explore the ,transition experience' of adolescent HTx recipients and families. All teens (12,18 years) and parents at a single-center HTx program were invited to participate in semistructured interviews. Qualitative, phenomenological methodology was used to build theoretical knowledge and guided the data collection and analysis. The study population included 14 patients (7 males) with a mean age of 15.7 ± 1.8 years (11.7,17.8 years) and at a mean of 4.1 ± 3.3 years post-HTx (0.3,9.2 years) at the time of study participation. Major themes identified included: (i) adolescent disinterest and apathy regarding transition to adult care versus parental anxiety about their child's eventual departure from the pediatric transplant center, (ii) perceived differences in pediatric versus adult care and (iii) identification of strategies described as helpful in facilitating the transition. Understanding the experiences and perceptions of adolescent HTx recipients and their parents is crucial to planning effective transitional care and necessary for evidenced-based practice. [source] Depression, anxiety and quality of life in parents of children with epilepsyACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 5 2009R. Lv 0bjectives,,, To assess the impact of childhood epilepsy on parental quality of life (QOL) and psychological health, and to investigate possible correlations between parental QOL and background variables as well as parental anxiety and depression. Subjects and methods,,, Parents having an epileptic child (n = 263) and parents having a healthy child (n = 270) were enrolled. Groups were in balance for background variables. Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) Questionnaire, Zung Depression Scale (ZDS) and Zung Anxiety Scale (ZAS) were applied to all parents. Patients were divided into the first visit group (newly diagnosed epilepsy) and follow-up visit group. Results,,, The parents of children with epilepsy had significantly lower QOL scores in SF-36 for all subscales and higher levels of depression and anxiety by using ZDS and ZAS. The factors correlated with parental QOL were seizure control, visit status, anxiety, depression, employment, cost of epilepsy, status epilepticus, drug side effect and age of parents. Conclusions,,, Childhood epilepsy has a severe impact on parental QOL and psychological health, and recognition of possible correlations between parental QOL and background variables will be helpful to improve parental QOL. [source] Accelerated ventricular rhythm in the neonatal period: a review and two new cases in asymptomatic infants with an apparently normal heartACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 10 2004M Anatoliotaki Accelerated ventricular rhythm (AVR) was observed in two newborn infants. In the first case, arrhythmia was noted during the foetal period. Both neonates were asymptomatic and had no evidence of cardiac disease. The arrhythmia eventually disappeared when the infants were 4 mo and 24 d old, respectively. AVR in the neonatal period is reviewed in this report and recent information regarding appropriate diagnostic evaluation, differentiation from ventricular tachycardia and treatment is outlined. Conclusion: Accelerated ventricular rhythm is a benign and self-limited arrhythmia in the neonatal period. However, it is important to differentiate it from other serious rhythm disorders, mainly ventricular tachycardia, in order to avoid unnecessary and potentially harmful treatment and to relieve parental anxiety. [source] Treatment of child anxiety: an exploratory study of the role of maternal anxiety and behaviours in treatment outcomeCLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHOTHERAPY (AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY & PRACTICE), Issue 1 2008Cathy Creswell Anxiety disorders are common among parents of anxious children and have been found to impede child treatment outcomes, yet it is unclear whether it is parental anxiety that needs to be targeted in therapy or associated parental behaviours. Twenty-two children (6,12 years) with a current anxiety disorder and their mothers received cognitive,behavioural treatment (CBT) for child anxiety. In addition, of the 12 mothers who met criteria for a current anxiety disorder, 6 received CBT for their own disorder. Assessments were made of the mother,child interaction. The main findings were: (1) children did less well from treatment where their mothers had a current anxiety disorder; (2) treatment of maternal anxiety disorder did not improve child treatment outcome; and (3) maternal overinvolvement and expression of fear was associated with child treatment outcome. The results suggest that in the context of maternal anxiety disorder, child treatment outcome may be improved by specifically targeting parenting behaviours. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||