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Pneumocystis Pneumonia (Pneumocysti + pneumonia)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Survival Pathway Signal Transduction is Reduced in Alveolar Macrophages during Pneumocystis Pneumonia

THE JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2006
MARK E. LASBURY
[source]

Toll-like Receptor 2 Knockout Reduces Lung Inflammation During Pneumocystis Pneumonia but has No Effect on Phagocytosis of Pneumocystis Organisms by Alveolar Macrophages

THE JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2006
CHEN ZHANG
[source]

Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 2009
S. I. Martin
First page of article [source]

HIV-associated opportunistic pneumonias

RESPIROLOGY, Issue 4 2009
Laurence HUANG
ABSTRACT Among the HIV-associated pulmonary complications, opportunistic pneumonias are major causes of morbidity and mortality. The spectrum of HIV-associated opportunistic pneumonias is broad and includes bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal, viral and parasitic pneumonias. Bacterial pneumonia is the most frequent opportunistic pneumonia in the United States and Western Europe while tuberculosis is the dominant pathogen in sub-Saharan Africa. With the use of combination antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis, the incidence of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) has declined. Nevertheless, PCP continues to occur in persons who are unaware of their HIV infection, those who fail to access medical care, and those who fail to adhere to antiretroviral therapy or prophylaxis. Although pneumonias due to Cryptococcus neoformans, Histoplasma capsulatum, Coccidioides immitis, cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii are less frequent, their presence in the lung is often indicative of disseminated disease and is associated with significant mortality. [source]

Nonparametric Estimation for the Three-Stage Irreversible Illness,Death Model

BIOMETRICS, Issue 3 2000
Somnath Datta
Summary. In this paper, we present new nonparametric estimators of the stage-occupation probabilities in the three-stage irreversible illness-death model. These estimators use a fractional risk set and a reweighting approach and are valid under stage-dependent censoring. Using a simulated data set, we compare the behavior of our estimators with previously proposed estimators. We also apply our estimators to data on time to Pneumocystis pneumonia and death obtained from an AIDS cohort study. [source]

Prevalence of colonisation and genotypic characterisation of Pneumocystis jirovecii among cystic fibrosis patients in Spain

CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 12 2005
N. Respaldiza
Abstract Pneumocystis jirovecii colonisation may occur among cystic fibrosis (CF) patients because of their underlying pulmonary disease. A wide epidemiological analysis was performed among CF patients from Spain to assess the prevalence of P. jirovecii colonisation and the distribution of different genotypes. P. jirovecii was identified by nested PCR targeting the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA gene from sputum samples or oropharyngeal washes. The genotype was determined by direct sequencing. The prevalence of P. jirovecii colonisation among 88 consecutive CF patients was 21.5%. The polymorphisms identified were 85C/248C (45.4%), 85T/248C (27.2%) and 85A/248C (18.1%); in one case, a mix of genotypes was found. Colonisation was more frequent in subjects aged <,18 years (25.5% vs. 15.1%). Among the patients studied, 20.8% received treatment with azithromycin; all of these patients were colonised with P. jirovecii, but none developed Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP) during a 1-year follow-up period. Concordance in the colonisation status of siblings suggested a common source of infection or person-to-person transmission. [source]